› › Designing Watershed Scale Structural Best Management Practices Using Evolutionary Algorithms To Achieve Water Quality Goals

Designing Watershed-scale Structural Best Management Practices Using Evolutionary Algorithms to Achieve Water Quality Goals

Author : Prakash D. Kaini

Publisher :

Page : 290 pages

File Size : 34,56 MB

Release : 2010

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Water quality has been a major concern in the United States and elsewhere because of its impact on people's daily lives and on the environment. There are two main sources of water pollution: point sources and non-point sources, which are differentiated based on their mode of generation. Pollution generated from point sources has been effectively controlled by the implementation of the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program. However, a large portion of the nation's water remains polluted, mainly due to non-point sources of pollution. Structural and non-structural Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been recognized as effective measures for controlling non-point sources of pollution. The objective of this research is to develop methodologies that can be used to design structural BMPs as measurements for controlling non-point sources of pollution (i.e. sediment and nutrients) on a larger spatial scale, that of a watershed.



Computer-based Decision-support Methods for Hydrological Ecosystems Services Management

Author : Kimberly Sae Artita

Publisher :

Page : 296 pages

File Size : 45,77 MB

Release : 2012

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Changing climates, human population growth, and aging infrastructure threaten the availability and quality of one of life's most vital resources, water. Hydrological ecosystem services are goods and benefits derived from freshwater that include flood damage mitigation, water for agricultural and commercial use, swimmable and navigable waters, and healthy aquatic habitats. Using computer algorithms inspired by biological and ecological processes known as evolutionary algorithms and on-site stormwater management practices such structural best management practices (BMPs) and green stormwater infrastructure (GSI), this research aims to maximize hydrological ecosystem services at the watershed-scale in both agricultural and urban environments by integrating these algorithms with the watershed model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), and the hydraulic model Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). This dissertation first develops an information theoretic approach to global sensitivity analysis for distributed models, demonstrated using SWAT, and later uses the sensitive model parameters in a multi-objective automatic calibration scheme using multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). Multiple alternative watershed-scale BMP designs (parallel terraces, detention/infiltration ponds, field borders, and grade stabilization structures) that help minimize peak runoff and annual sediment yield were simultaneously identified using SWAT coupled with the species conserving genetic algorithm (SCGA). Finally, using recently developed economic estimates called triple bottom line (TBL) accounting, watershed-scale GSI designs are identified that reduce combined sewer overflow volumes in an urban setting while maximizing the net benefit across social, economic, and environmental categories. Overall, this dissertation research provides useful and relevant computer-based tools for water resources planners and managers interested in maximizing hydrological ecosystem services benefits.



Development of a Decision Support Framework ForIntegrated Watershed Water Quality Management and a Generic Genetic Algorithm Based Optimizer

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Page : pages

File Size : 31,93 MB

Release : 1908

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The watershed management approach is a framework for addressing water quality problems at a watershed scale in an integrated manner that considers many conflicting issues including cost, environmental impact and equity in evaluating alternative control strategies. This framework enhances the capabilities of current environmental analysis frameworks by the inclusion of additional systems analytic tools such as optimization algorithms that enable efficient search for cost effective control strategies and uncertainty analysis procedures that estimate the reliability in achieving water quality targets. Traditional optimization procedures impose severe restrictions in using complex nonlinear environmental processes within a systematic search. Hence, genetic algorithms (GAs), a class of general, probabilistic, heuristic, global, search procedures, are used. Current implementation of this framework is coupled with US EPA's BASINS software system. A component of the current research is also the development of GA object classes and optimization model classes for generic use. A graphical user interface allows users to formulate mathematical programming problems and solve them using GA methodology. This set of GA object and the user interface classes together comprise the Generic Genetic Algorithm Based Optimizer (GeGAOpt), which is demonstrated through applications in solving interactively several unconstrained as well as constrained function optimization problems. Design of these systems is based on object oriented paradigm and current software engineering practices such as object oriented analysis (OOA) and object oriented design (OOD). The development follows the waterfall model for software development. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used for the design. The implementation is carried out using the JavaTM programming environment.





Integrated Watershed Management Using a Genetic Algorithm-Based Approach

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Page : pages

File Size : 42,52 MB

Release : 2001

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Watershed management requires consideration of a multitude of factors affecting water quality at the watershed-scale while integrating point and non-point sources of pollution and control. While the existing water quality modeling systems and associated quantitative tools can assist in some aspects of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) development for a watershed, their abilities to assist in determining efficient management strategies are limited. Typically, the best a user can do is employ these tools manually to explore the solution space via a trial-and-error process, which is inefficient for finding management strategies that consider water quality as well as a multitude of other design issues simultaneously. Recent implementation of the STAR (STrategy, Analysis, and Reporting) system incorporates a set of systems analytic tools to assist decisions-makers explore and identify alternative management strategies. The main engine of the STAR system is a genetic algorithm-based optimization technique, which is coupled with additional tools such as an uncertainty propagation tool, a solution reporting system, and an incremental strategy development system to form a decision support framework. This paper describes some of the capabilities of this framework through several illustrative scenarios for the Yellow River watershed in Gwinnett County, Georgia, which conducted a comprehensive, countywide TMDL investigation to assess the current water quality conditions. The STAR system's capabilities are employed to identify ways to achieve minimum total phosphorous (TP) levels via point and nonpoint source controls, as well as characterize the implications of future urban development on TP levels. Noninferior tradeoffs between urban development and TP levels at different degrees of point source controls are generated. The range of uses of the STAR system in considering the integrated effect of point and non-point sources in watershed management is demonstrated throughout these.



Integrated Modeling System for Multi-objective Management of Ecosystem Services in a Watershed

Author : Elias Getahun Bekele

Publisher :

Page : 225 pages

File Size : 35,11 MB

Release : 2006

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ISBN : 9781109831665

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Automatic calibration modules that are capable of performing either single- or multi-objective parameter estimation are developed for SWAT. These modules are based on interfaces between SWAT and two optimization techniques: PSO and NSGA-II. Depending on the number of calibration objectives, one of the two algorithms can be invoked to perform the automatic calibration of SWAT. The reliability of the parameter estimates and associated model outputs are determined using uncertainty analysis.



Watershed Hydrology

Author : Vijay P. Singh

Publisher : Allied Publishers

Page : 588 pages

File Size : 24,23 MB

Release : 2003

Category : Groundwater

ISBN : 9788177645477

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Evolutionary Computation 2

Author : Thomas Baeck

Publisher : CRC Press

Page : pages

File Size : 28,99 MB

Release : 2017-06-29

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ISBN : 9781138413078

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Book Description

Evolutionary Computation 2: Advanced Algorithms and Operators expands upon the basic ideas underlying evolutionary algorithms. The focus is on fitness evaluation, constraint-handling techniques, population structures, advanced techniques in evolutionary computation, and the implementation of evolutionary algorithms. It is intended to be used by individual researchers and students in the expanding field of evolutionary computation.



DayWater

Author : Daniel R. Thevenot

Publisher : IWA Publishing

Page : 313 pages

File Size : 30,3 MB

Release : 2008-03-15

Category : Science

ISBN : 1843391600

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Book Description

The European DayWater project has developed a prototype of an Adaptive Decision Support System (ADSS) related to urban stormwater pollution source control. The DayWater ADSS greatly facilitates decision-making for stormwater source control, which is currently impeded by the large number of stakeholders involved and by the necessary multidisciplinary knowledge. This book presents the results of this project, providing new insights into both technical and management issues. The main objectives of its technical chapters are pollution source control modelling, risk and impact assessment, and evaluation and comparison of best management practices. It also covers management aspects, such as the analysis of the decision-making processes in stormwater source control, at a European scale, and stormwater management strategies in general. The combination of scientific-technical and socio-managerial knowledge, with the strong cooperation of numerous end-users, reflects the innovative character of this book which includes actual applications of the ADSS prototype in significant case studies. DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management contains 26 chapters collectively prepared by DayWater scientific partners and end-users associated with this European Research and Development project. It includes: A general presentation of the DayWater Adaptive Decision Support System (ADSS) structure and operation modes A detailed description of the major components of this ADSS prototype The assessment of its components in significant case studies in France, Germany and Sweden The proceedings of the International Conference on Decision Support Systems for Integrated Urban Water Management, held in Paris on 3-4 November 2005. The book presents the ADSS prototype including a combination of freely accessible on-line databases, guidance documents, “road maps” and modelling or multi-criteria analysis tools. As demonstrated in several significant case studies the challenge for stormwater managers is to make the benefits of urban stormwater management visible to society, resulting in active co-operation of a diversity of stakeholders. Only then, will sustainable management succeed. DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management advances this cause of sustainable urban management through Urban stormwater management, and makes achievable (by means of risk and vulnerability tools which are included) the goal of integrated urban water management (IUWM).