Determinants and Marginal Value of Corporate Cash Holdings


Book Description

Previous studies indicate that financial constraints and corporate governance are main factors affecting corporate cash holdings. This paper simultaneously examines the interactive influences of financial constraints and corporate governance on corporate cash holdings among publicly traded U.S. firms. We find that firms with good governance hold more cash than do firms with poor governance, regardless of financial constraints. Furthermore, the cash holdings of financially constrained firms with good corporate governance are the highest among all firm types in this study. The impact of corporate governance on firm value is statistically strong only among firms with financial constraints. Our results indicate that financial constraints are a more crucial determinant of corporate cash holdings than is corporate governance. These findings have implications that firms with financial constraints should pay more attention to keep optimal liquidity, especially avoiding the unnecessary waste due to agency problems.




International Corporate Governance


Book Description

Presents research on corporate governance from a number of countries across the world, including the United States, Spain, Malaysia, Israel and others. This title examines many important corporate governance mechanisms, such as board characteristics, ownership structure, legal protection of shareholders, and annual general meetings.




Optimal Level, Partial Speed of Adjustment and Determinants of Corporate Cash Holding


Book Description

This paper investigates the existence of an optimal cash level, speed of adjustment, and cash holdings determinants. The threshold regression and dynamic model were used in this study on four MENA countries from 2007 to 2018. The findings show there is a nonlinear relationship between cash level and firm's value which is consistent with the trade-off theory. Furthermore, our study confirms that firms holding cash above the optimal level of having a lower speed of adjustment than the firms with cash levels below the optimal level with size, growth, and net-working capital being key corporate cash determinants. Our results extend the theoretical implications of the trade-off theory to MENA countries and would help corporate policymakers to adjust their cash levels within the thresholds' levels to maximize their firm value.




Global Business Strategies in Crisis


Book Description

As the world is currently in the midst of financial and economic crises, this collection of expert contributions focuses on strategy formation and implementation at various organizational levels to address the challenges ahead. The latest economic turmoil and its ongoing impact on business performance are compelling top managers to develop effective business strategies and redefine the boundaries of their operational and strategic activities. On one hand, tremendous challenges in the competitive business environment have become a source of global threats for many small entrepreneurs. On the other, investors faced with today’s volatile economic conditions demand more gains on their capital investments to counter-balance the growing risk of global threats. This book explores the question as to whether it is possible to efficiently and effectively address these threats and obstacles. Are managers capable of planning and implementing strategic actions? What should the major managerial strategy be in order to overcome fluctuations in a market-oriented society? The strategies and practices recommended here are aimed to design continuous development competencies and contribute to the stability, recovery and sustainability of global business operations under volatile economic conditions. This refreshingly novel book seeks to establish managerial strategies and practices for effectively responding to challenges in the competitive business environment, as global volatility and fluctuations continue to worsen.




formal versus informal finance: evidence from china


Book Description

Abstract: China is often mentioned as a counterexample to the findings in the finance and growth literature since, despite the weaknesses in its banking system, it is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The fast growth of Chinese private sector firms is taken as evidence that it is alternative financing and governance mechanisms that support China's growth. This paper takes a closer look at firm financing patterns and growth using a database of 2,400 Chinese firms. The authors find that a relatively small percentage of firms in the sample utilize formal bank finance with a much greater reliance on informal sources. However, the results suggest that despite its weaknesses, financing from the formal financial system is associated with faster firm growth, whereas fund raising from alternative channels is not. Using a selection model, the authors find no evidence that these results arise because of the selection of firms that have access to the formal financial system. Although firms report bank corruption, there is no evidence that it significantly affects the allocation of credit or the performance of firms that receive the credit. The findings suggest that the role of reputation and relationship based financing and governance mechanisms in financing the fastest growing firms in China is likely to be overestimated.




The Determinants and Implications of Corporate Cash Holdings


Book Description

We examine the determinants and implications of holdings of cash and marketable" securities by publicly traded U.S. firms in the 1971-1994 period. Firms with strong growth" opportunities and riskier cash flows hold relatively high ratios of cash to total assets. Firms" that have the greatest access to the capital markets (e.g. large firms and those with credit" ratings) tend to hold lower ratios of cash to total assets. These results are consistent with the" view that firms hold liquid assets to ensure that they will be able to keep investing when cash" flow is too low relative to planned investment and when outside funds are expensive. The" short run impact of excess cash on capital expenditures, acquisition spending and payouts to" shareholders is small. The main reason that firms experience large changes in excess cash is" the occurrence of operating losses. There is no evidence that risk management and cash" holdings are substitutes




The Determinants and Implications of Corporate Cash Holdings


Book Description

We examine the determinants and implications of holdings of cash and marketablequot; securities by publicly traded U.S. firms in the 1971-1994 period. Firms with strong growthquot; opportunities and riskier cash flows hold relatively high ratios of cash to total assets. Firmsquot; that have the greatest access to the capital markets (e.g. large firms and those with creditquot; ratings) tend to hold lower ratios of cash to total assets. These results are consistent with thequot; view that firms hold liquid assets to ensure that they will be able to keep investing when cashquot; flow is too low relative to planned investment and when outside funds are expensive. Thequot; short run impact of excess cash on capital expenditures, acquisition spending and payouts toquot; shareholders is small. The main reason that firms experience large changes in excess cash isquot; the occurrence of operating losses. There is no evidence that risk management and cashquot; holdings are substitutes.




Cash Holdings and CEO Turnover


Book Description

The determinants of firm level cash holdings are well documented, yet relatively less is known about the influence of CEO characteristics on corporate liquidity decisions. We examine changes in cash holdings around CEO turnover events, a period in which discrete changes in managerial preferences and abilities are likely to have the most dramatic effect on cash holdings. Our results suggest that cash holdings increase significantly following forced departures. The increase is persistent over the successor's tenure and is robust to controls for the standard firm-level determinants of cash holdings and corporate governance characteristics. Cash savings come mainly from increased efficiency in the management of net working capital, as opposed to asset sales or reductions in investment. Lastly, the marginal value of cash does not decrease following the turnover, indicating that the increase in cash holdings is not a result of agency problems between the new manager and shareholders.