Dictionnaires


Book Description




English-Basque Dictionary


Book Description

With over 25,000 English entries and their Basque equivalents in six major dialects, this volume is the most complete reference to the Basque language to date for English-speaking people. This useful resource is the very first of its kind to become available to both the casual student and the serious scholar of the Basque language. The Biscayan, Guipuzcoan, Labourdin, Low Navarrese, Zuberoan, and Batua dialects are included in order to cover all the different regional and formal dialects used in the body of Basque literature, both written and oral, and to present the language in a form familiar to American Basques who may know little of Batua. Whenever possible, the authors also include words relating to modern society.




The Basque Language


Book Description

Authorized translation of La lengua vasca, 2/e.




A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic


Book Description

A detailed scientific description of the Andalusi Arabic dialect bundle did not exist until recent times, although the correct understanding of some of its texts bears heavily on many momentous conclusions drawn by contemporary scholars about the extent and depth of cultural interaction between the Arabs and the West. After many years of work on the grammar of this variety of Neo-Arabic, and having produced accurate editions of its materials, the author now undertakes the task of establishing its lexicon, both synchronically and diachronically, by listing words and idioms and trying to provide the etyma of most items. This volume will be useful to students of Arabic dialectology and also to those concerned with any kind of literature produced in Al-Andalus, as well as to Romance scholars who may find the solution to many an etymological riddle here.







Colloquial Basque


Book Description

Colloquial Basque: The Complete Course for Beginners has been carefully developed by an experienced teacher to provide a step-by-step course to Basque as it is written and spoken today. Combining a clear, practical and accessible style with a methodical and thorough treatment of the language, it equips learners with the essential skills needed to communicate confidently and effectively in Basque in a broad range of situations. No prior knowledge of the language is required. Colloquial Basque is exceptional; each unit presents a wealth of grammatical points that are reinforced with a wide range of exercises for regular practice. A full answer key, a grammar summary, bilingual glossaries and English translations of dialogues can be found at the back as well as useful vocabulary lists throughout. Key features include: A clear, user-friendly format designed to help learners progressively build up their speaking, listening, reading and writing skills Jargon-free, succinct and clearly structured explanations of grammar An extensive range of focused and dynamic supportive exercises Realistic and entertaining dialogues covering a broad variety of narrative situations Helpful cultural points explaining the customs and features of life in n the Basque countryAn overview of the sounds of Basque Balanced, comprehensive and rewarding, Colloquial Basque is an indispensable resource both for independent learners and students taking courses in Basque. Audio material to accompany the course is available to download free in MP3 format from www.routledge.com/cw/colloquials. Recorded by native speakers, the audio material features the dialogues and texts from the book and will help develop your listening and pronunciation skills.




Lexicografía hispánica / The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Lexicography


Book Description

Lexicografía hispánica/The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Lexicography presenta una panorámica integrada de la lexicografía del español. Supone un informe del estado actual y una prospectiva de futuro de la lexicografía de esta lengua bajo las posibilidades que hoy ofrece su tratamiento informático. Principales características: Capítulos dedicados a los aspectos semánticos, sintácticos, morfológicos, fonéticos, pragmáticos y ortográficos que recogen y permiten los diccionarios Análisis de rasgos ideológicos y antropológicos y atención a las consultas de los usuarios en busca de información Revisión sobre las tecnologías y los métodos actuales para la elaboración de diccionarios Estado de la cuestión sobre la investigación lexicográfica en la actualidad Análisis detallado de diccionarios generales, especializados y bilingües Lexicografía hispánica/The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Lexicography es una obra pensada para tener una visión global de la realidad, de las posibilidades y de las necesidades actuales en un sector vital de la lingüística aplicada y el procesamiento del español. Se trata de un recurso fundamental tanto para profesores como para estudiantes de lexicografía del español y de lingüística. Lexicografía hispánica / The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Lexicography offers an integrated perspective on the lexicography of Spanish. It presents a report on the current state and insight on the future of the lexicography of Spanish relying on the possibilities that computer processing provides. Main features: Chapters that cover the semantic, syntactic, morphological, phonetic, pragmatic and orthographic aspects that are considered in dictionaries. Analyses of ideological and anthropological traits and a focus on the queries of users when searching for information. A revision of the current technology and methods for creating dictionaries. Current state of the art research on lexicography. A detailed analysis of general, specialized and bilingual dictionaries. Lexicografía hispánica / The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Lexicography proposes a global overview of the reality, the possibilities and the needs of today in an essential branch of applied linguistics and the treatment of Spanish. This is an essential resource for instructors and students of Spanish lexicography and of linguistics.




Basque Phonology


Book Description

This book is the first comprehensive treatment of the phonological system of Basque available in English. Basque is a morphologically rich and fairly regular language with a number of active phonological rules that are limited to certain morphological environments. In addition, it has a high degree of dialectical fragmentation. These characteristics of Basque make this language a good test ground to investigate the interaction of phonological rules both with each other and with morphological processes, which the author does within the Lexical Phonology framework. The effects of rule interaction on feature geometry are a major concern - how phonological operations modify underlying structures and how the structures created by one phonological rule can serve as input to other rules. These effects are examined in a study of the rather peculiar behaviour of Basque affricates. Another area which requires particular attention, and in which Basque dialects differ widely, is prosody. Along with stress-accent systems of different types, Basque also possesses pitch-accent or restricted tonal systems in some of its western dialects. This book should be of interest to advanced students and teachers of linguistics, especially Romance linguistics and lexical phonology.




Standard Basque and Its Dialects


Book Description

The origins of Basque dialects, a highly disputed area of research in Basque studies, are examined. The author, the foremost expert on Basque dialects, traces their emergence to medieval times, using: a) the profusion of features common to all dialects: b) the large number of innovations common to all dialects; and c) the fact that the only truly divergent dialects are the western and Souletin ones. In contrast, the three central dialects differ in far fewer and less important respects. The main contribution of Standard Basque and Its Dialects to the scholarly debate about the formation of Basque is that it identifies the nuclei from which the current dialects almost certainly emerged. The book explains the points of view that Basque speakers have upheld concerning their dialects, the formation of provincial standards starting in the eighteenth century, and the launch of Standard Basque in the second half of the twentieth century.