The Age of Discovery, 1400-1600


Book Description

The Age of Discovery explores one of the most dramatic features of the late medieval and early modern period: when voyagers from Western Europe led by Spain and Portugal set out across the world and established links with the New World.




Discovery Practice


Book Description

Discovery Practice, Eighth Edition gives you hard-nosed, trial-tested guidance through all the intricacies of what to do, whether to do it, and how to do it -- at every stage of the discovery process. Turn to this trusted guide for thorough, up-to-date clarification of: Insurance discoverability Discovery abuse -- its penalties and sanctions Confidentiality and discovery of trade secrets Use of experts Use of investigation files Use of witness statements Protective orders Invoking Rule 29 powers Tapes and telephones depositions Using the Manual for Complex Litigation Foreign discovery Discovery in administrative hearings Discovery in arbitration. Plus detailed coverage of such cutting edge areas as e-mail depositions and FOIA proceedings. Appendices include ready to adapt sample forms. Now, with all the practice tips and valuable strategies packed into Discovery Practice, you can Facilitate early and thorough disclosure of information Quickly determine a core of undisputed facts Intensively promote and pursue a negotiated settlement.




Discovery Science


Book Description

These are the conference proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Discovery Science (DS 2001). Although discovery is naturally ubiquitous in s- ence, and scientific discovery itself has been subject to scientific investigation for centuries, the term Discovery Science is comparably new. It came up in conn- tion with the Japanese Discovery Science project (cf. Arikawa's invited lecture on The Discovery Science Project in Japan in the present volume) some time during the last few years. Setsuo Arikawa is the father in spirit of the Discovery Science conference series. He led the above mentioned project, and he is currently serving as the chairman of the international steering committee for the Discovery Science c- ference series. The other members of this board are currently (in alphabetical order) Klaus P. Jantke, Masahiko Sato, Ayumi Shinohara, Carl H. Smith, and Thomas Zeugmann. Colleagues and friends from all over the world took the opportunity of me- ing for this conference to celebrate Arikawa's 60th birthday and to pay tribute to his manifold contributions to science, in general, and to Learning Theory and Discovery Science, in particular. Algorithmic Learning Theory (ALT, for short) is another conference series initiated by Setsuo Arikawa in Japan in 1990. In 1994, it amalgamated with the conference series on Analogical and Inductive Inference (AII), when ALT was held outside of Japan for the first time.




Electronic Discovery


Book Description

Information that is crucial to your case can be stored just about anywhere in Blackberries, on home computers, in cellphones, in voicemail transcription programs, on flash drives, in native files, in metadata... Knowing what you re looking for is essential, but understanding technology and data storage systems can literally make or break your discovery efforts and your case. If you can't write targeted discovery requests, you won't get all the information you need. With Electronic Discovery: Law and Practice, Second Edition, you'll have the first single-source guide to the emerging law of electronic discovery and delivering reliable guidance on such topics as: Duty to Preserve Electronic Evidence Spoliation Document Retention Policies and Electronic Information Cost Shifting in Electronic Discovery Evidentiary Issues Inadvertent Waiver Table of State eDiscovery rules Litigation Hold Notices Application of the Work Product Doctrine to Litigation Support Systems Collection, Culling and Coding of ESI Inspection of Hard Disks in Civil Litigation Privacy Concerns Disclosure under FOIA Fully grasp the complexities of data sources and IT systems as they relate to electronic discovery, including cutting-edge software tools that facilitate discovery and litigation. Achieve a cooperative and efficient approach to conducting cost-effective ESI discovery. Employ sophisticated and effective discovery tools, including concept and contextual searching, statistical sampling, relationship mapping, and artificial intelligence that help automate the discovery process, reduce costs and enhance process and information integrity Written by Adam Cohen of Ernst and Young and David Lender of Weil, Gotshal and Manges LLP, Electronic Discovery: Law and Practice, Second Edition, offers detailed analysis and guidance on the legal aspects of electronic discovery never before collected in such a comprehensive guide. You'll save time on research while benefiting from the knowledge and experience of the leading experts.




Resource Discovery


Book Description

Resource discovery is the process of identifying and locating existing resources thathavea particularproperty. Aresourcecorrespondsto aninformationsource such as a data repositoryor databasemanagement system (e. g. , a query form or a textual search engine), a link between resources (an index or hyperlink), or a servicesuchasanapplicationoratool. Resourcesarecharacterizedbycoreinf- mation including a name, a description of its input and its output (parameters or format), its address, and various additional properties expressed as me- data. Resources are organized with respect to metadata that characterize their content (for data sources), their semantics (in terms of ontological classes and relationships), their characteristics (syntactical properties), their performance (with metrics and benchmarks), their quality (curation, reliability, trust), etc. Resource discovery systems allow the expression of queries to identify and - cate resources that implement speci?c tasks. Machine-based resource discovery relies on crawling, clustering, and classifying resources discovered on the Web automatically. The First Workshop on Resource Discovery (RED) took place on November 25, 2008 in Linz, Austria. It was organized jointly with the 10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-Based Applications and S- vices and its proceedings were published by ACM. The second edition of the workshop was co-located with the 35th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB) in the beautiful city of Lyon, France. Nine papers were selected for presentation at this second edition. Areas of researchaddressedby these papers include the problem of resource characterization and classi?cation, resourcecomposition,andontology-drivendiscovery.




Literature-based Discovery


Book Description

This is the first coherent book on literature-based discovery (LBD). LBD is an inherently multi-disciplinary enterprise. The aim of this volume is to plant a flag in the ground and inspire new researchers to the LBD challenge.




E-Discovery and Data Privacy


Book Description

It is not unusual in corporate litigation for the outcome of a case to hinge on the discovery in court of electronically-stored information (ESI). Yet in most jurisdictions (notably among EU Member States) the withholding of such information is required by privacy laws or even laws specifically blocking the transfer of data for discovery purposes. Companies that ignore such laws may face severe sanctions. In the United States, however, discovery of ESI is often compulsory, and failure to comply can lead to contempt of court and losing the case. This book deals with the dilemma faced by multinational corporations when a United States court demands discovery of ESI that is protected in other countries. In fine detail the authors cover the full spectrum of possible responses, from evaluating the comparative cost of legal sanctions in a variety of major global jurisdictions to recognizing when to avoid litigation entirely. The tone throughout is eminently practical, specifying the precise nature and degree of risk involved and offering optimal solutions to all the conflicts likely to arise. On the theoretical side, the rationales of both the US e-discovery model and data privacy laws (focusing on the European data protection directive) are clearly explained. Specific jurisdictions covered include Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macau, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan and United Kingdom.




Drug Discovery for Leishmaniasis


Book Description

Drug Discovery for Leishmaniasis aims to provide a perspective of the current treatments and their challenges, blended with the emerging strategies and methodologies that will drive new target appraisals and drug developments, as well as addressing the molecular basis of resistance in Leishmania.




Knowledge Discovery in Spatial Data


Book Description

When I ?rst came across the term data mining and knowledge discovery in databases, I was excited and curious to ?nd out what it was all about. I was excited because the term tends to convey a new ?eld that is in the making. I was curious because I wondered what it was doing that the other ?elds of research, such as statistics and the broad ?eld of arti?cial intelligence, were not doing. After reading up on the literature, I have come to realize that it is not much different from conventional data analysis. The commonly used de?nition of knowledge discovery in databases: “the non-trivial process of identifying valid, novel, potentially useful, and ultimately understandable patterns in data” is actually in line with the core mission of conventional data analysis. The process employed by conventional data analysis is by no means trivial, and the patterns in data to be unraveled have, of course, to be valid, novel, useful and understandable. Therefore, what is the commotion all about? Careful scrutiny of the main lines of research in data mining and knowledge discovery again told me that they are not much different from that of conventional data analysis. Putting aside data warehousing and database m- agement aspects, again a main area of research in conventional database research, the rest of the tasks in data mining are largely the main concerns of conventional data analysis.




Electronic Discovery: Law and Practice, 3rd Edition


Book Description

Information that is crucial to your case can be stored just about anywhere in Blackberries, on home computers, in cellphones, in voicemail transcription programs, on flash drives, in native files, in metadata... Knowing what you're looking for is essential, but understanding technology and data storage systems can literally make or break your discovery efforts and your case. If you can't write targeted discovery requests, you won't get all the information you need. With Electronic Discovery: Law and Practice, Third Edition, you'll have the first single-source guide to the emerging law of electronic discovery and delivering reliable guidance on such topics as: Duty to Preserve Electronic Evidence Spoliation Document Retention Policies and Electronic Information Cost Shifting in Electronic Discovery Evidentiary Issues Inadvertent Waiver Table of State eDiscovery rules Litigation Hold Notices Application of the Work Product Doctrine to Litigation Support Systems Collection, Culling and Coding of ESI Inspection of Hard Disks in Civil Litigation Privacy Concerns Disclosure under FOIA Fully grasp the complexities of data sources and IT systems as they relate to electronic discovery, including cutting-edge software tools that facilitate discovery and litigation. Achieve a cooperative and efficient approach to conducting cost-effective ESI discovery. Employ sophisticated and effective discovery tools, including concept and contextual searching, statistical sampling, relationship mapping, and artificial intelligence that help automate the discovery process, reduce costs and enhance process and information integrity Written by Adam Cohen of Ernst & Young and David Lender of Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, Electronic Discovery: Law and Practice, Third Edition offers detailed analysis and guidance on the legal aspects of electronic discovery never before collected in such a comprehensive guide. You'll save time on research while benefiting from the knowledge and experience of the leading experts. Note: Online subscriptions are for three-month periods. Previous Edition: Electronic Discovery: Law & Practice, Second Edition, ISBN 9781454815600