Evoked Potential Manual


Book Description

J.P.C. de Weerd Evoked potentials are the electrical voltage fluctuations which can be recorded from parts of the nervous system in response to stimulation of sensory modalities. One may distinguish between evoked potentials from the peripheral and the central nervous system. For the latter type a further subdivision can be made into spinal, brainstem, and cortical evoked potentials, according to the (assumed) structures from which the responses derive. Another possible subdivision can be made with respect to the specific sensory ffiodality which is stimulated. Accordingly, one has auditory, somatosensory, visual, gustatory and olfactory evoked potentials. At the present time, the former three types of evoked potentials are the ones that are commonly measured in diagnostic procedures. Yhe corresponding sensory systems are relatively easy to stimulate, for example by means of an acoustic click, abrief electrical shock or a reversing light pattern. In contrast, stimulation of the olfactory and gustatory systems has proven to be technically and physiologically difficult and research in these areas is still in an early stage.




Auditory Temporal Processing and its Disorders


Book Description

'Auditory temporal processing' determines our understanding of speech, our appreciation of music, our ability to localize a sound source, and even to listen to a person in a noisy crowd. Sound is dynamic and as such has temporal and spectral content. In disorders such as auditory neuropathy and MS, problems can occur with these temporal representations of sound, leading to a mismatch between auditory sensitivity and speech discrimination. In dyslexia, specific language impairment, and auditory processing disorders, similar problems occur early in life and set up additional cognitive speech processing problems. It has also been found that in disorders such as autism, schizophrenia and epilepsy, temporal processing deficits can occur. This book reviews comprehensively the mechanisms for temporal processing in the auditory system, looking at how these underlie specific clinical disorders, with implications for their treatment. Written by a prolific researcher in auditory neuroscience, this book is valuable for auditory neuroscientists, audiologist, neurologists, and speech language pathologists.




The Effect of Attention on Auditory Evoked Potentials


Book Description

Click-evoked potentials were recorded from unanesthetized cats with electrodes chronically implanted in the auditory cortex, cochlear nucleus, and round window. The clicks (irrelevant stimuli) were presented continuously as background before, during, and after the presentation of a visual discrimination task (relevant stimuli) which attempted to alter the attentive state of the animals. The mean peak-to-peak amplitudes of averaged click-evoked responses from six adult female cats were significantly smaller during attention to the visual discrimination stimuli when compared with the pre-discrimination and control periods. This relationship was present at all electrode placements for five experimental animals with middle ear muscles cut as well as one control animal with middle ear muscles intact. The results suggest that during attention, a central inhibitory mechanism, independent of middle ear muscles, modifies click-evoked responses possibly via the olivo-cochlear bundle which terminates on the hair cells in the cochlea. (Author).










Scott-Brown's Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Eighth Edition


Book Description

Scott-Brown's Otorhinolaryngology is used the world over as the definitive reference for trainee ENT surgeons, audiologists and trainee head and neck surgeons, as well as specialists who need detailed, reliable and authoritative information on all aspects of ear, nose and throat disease and treatment. Key points: accompanied by a fully searchable electronic edition, making it more accessible, containing the same content as the print edition, with operative videos and references linked to Medline highly illustrated in colour throughout to aid understanding updated by an international team of editors and contributors evidence-based guidelines will help you in your clinical practice features include key points, best clinical practice guidelines, details of the search strategies used to prepare the material and suggestions for future research new Endocrine section. Scott-Brown will provide trainee surgeons (ENT and Head and Neck), audiologists and ENT physicians with quick access to relevant information about clinical conditions, and provide them with a starting point for further research. The accompanying electronic edition, enhanced with operative videos, will enable both easy reference and accessibility on the move.







Index Medicus


Book Description

Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.