Effectiveness of Antistripping Additives in the Field


Book Description

Stripping has long been recognized as a cause of asphalt pavement damage. Water may get between the asphalt film and the aggregate surface, causing an adhesive failure, or water may combine with the asphalt to affect the cohesive strength of the material. Various types of antistripping additives have been used in the attempt to alleviate or eliminate stripping. The Virginia Department of Transportation has used antistripping additives in some of its asphalt mixes since the 1960's. In the 1980's hydrated lime was found to outperform several al chemical additives. VDOT began to require asphalt contractors to use chemical additives that produced test results equal or superior to hydrated lime. Presumably, chemical additives were then improved to compete with hydrated lime. This study was undertaken to find if the new generation of additives prevented stripping in Virginia's hot mix asphalt. Twelve test sections were established, 9 using chemical additives and 3 containing hydrated lime. After 3 to 4 years, eight of the sections containing chemical additive demonstrated considerable visual stripping in cores. The sections containing hydrated lime showed much less stripping. The TSR test used on mix sampled during construction did not accurately predict the stripping that occurred. A follow-up survey of existing pavements should be conducted to verify the possible inadequacy of some chemical additives. Also, the TSR test should be examined and possibly modified to more closely duplicate Virginia's environmental conditions.




Moisture Damage in Asphalt Concrete


Book Description

This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, construction engineers, maintenance engineers, and others interested in avoiding or limiting moisture damage in asphalt concrete. Information is provided on physical and chemical explanations for moisture damage in asphalt concrete, along with a discussion of current practices and test methods for determining or reducing the susceptibility of various asphalt concrete components and mixtures to such damage. Moisture damage in asphalt concrete is a nationwide problem which often necessitates premature replacement of highway pavement surfaces. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the underlying physical and chemical phenomena responsible for such damage. Current test methods used to determine the susceptibility of asphalt concretes, or their constituents, to moisture damage are described and evaluated. Additionally, current practices for minimizing the potential for moisture damage are examined.













Virginia State Documents


Book Description




Laboratory Evaluation of Anti-strip Additives in Hot Mix Asphalt


Book Description

The use of hydrated lime or other liquid anti stripping agents (ASA) is the most common method to improve the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixes. However, most laboratory test conditions used to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of the mixes are only for a short duration of time. This might not be a good representation of the field conditions (i.e., several months or years of service). Thus, a study to evaluate the effects of conditioning the mixes for longer durations was initiated. Also, another problem with the use of the liquid anti stripping agents is their heat storage stability. This report addresses these two issues, by preparing and testing mixtures made with fresh binder for indirect tensile strength after conditioning the samples for 1, 7, 28, 90 and 180 days, and samples prepared from binder stored for three days at 160° C after conditioning them for 1, 28 and 90 days. The results of this study indicated that hydrated lime and the liquid anti stripping agents were equally effective for the mixes used in this research when conditioned beyond one day. In the case of samples prepared from stored binder, there was no significant difference in the effectiveness of hydrated lime and the liquid anti stripping agents even after conditioning for one day. Though it was observed that none of the ASA treatments performed better than others in the case of samples prepared with stored binder, it was also observed that almost all mixes gave significantly similar wet ITS and TSR values as samples prepared from fresh binder.




Performance and Durability of Bituminous Materials


Book Description

This book covers new advances in materials and methods, particularly orientated towards the optimization of energy expenditure required for the preparation of aggregates, bituminous binders and bituminous mixtures and the implications which arise with regard to the European specifications and codes of practice.




Quantitative Determination of Asphalt Antistripping Additive


Book Description

A small device (StripScan) has been developed by InstroTech, Inc., that uses litmus paper and a spectrophotometer to analyze vapors from hot liquid asphalt binders and mixtures to determine the percentage of antistripping additive present. Approximately 60 five-point additive content-color index count regressions were performed on binders and mixtures to determine how well the StripScan device measured additive content. The regressions basically fit the quadratic format that is used by the manufacturer in the recommended calibration process. The regressions were best when the litmus color index count was calculated by subtracting the initial count of the blank strip from the final count after exposure for the mixtures. Changes to the instrument software and testing temperature were necessary as the investigation progressed to accommodate different grades of binders. After the planned testing was completed, some retesting of the binders was performed using modified equipment and procedures. The changes appeared to improve the consistency of the results; therefore, the author believes that additive content in binders can be determined within +0.2 percent 95 percent of the time using the modified equipment and procedures. Test results for mixtures were less accurate than for binders; however, if the vapor trap is modified as described, the accuracy for mixtures should be improved substantially. Since the test can be performed quickly, multiple tests on a sample are possible. This would increase the confidence of the test results. Additional research and development is recommended and necessary before the device can be used for quality assurance testing. An accuracy of +0.1 percent is a worthy goal.