Electrolysis Processes


Book Description

Renewable energies such as solar, hydro or wind power are abundant in principle but subject to strong fluctuations. Therefore, development of new technologies for storage of these renewable energies is of special interest. Electrochemical technologies are ideal candidates for the use of excess current; consequently, an increased electrification of chemical processes is expected. In this respect, there are different pathways to utilize excess current electrochemically. Perhaps the most accepted and discussed solutions involve intermediate energy storage in either chemical energy carriers (such as hydrogen via water electrolysis) or electrochemical energy storage devices (like batteries). Additionally, excess current can put to other uses, such for solutions to environmental issues or for construction purposes, rather than being stored for later use.




Hydrogen Production


Book Description

Covering the various aspects of this fast-evolving field, this comprehensive book includes the fundamentals and a comparison of current applications, while focusing on the latest, novel achievements and future directions. The introductory chapters explore the thermodynamic and electrochemical processes to better understand how electrolysis cells work, and how these can be combined to build large electrolysis modules. The book then goes on to discuss the electrolysis process and the characteristics, advantages, drawbacks, and challenges of the main existing electrolysis technologies. Current manufacturers and the main features of commercially available electrolyzers are extensively reviewed. The final chapters then present the possible configurations for integrating water electrolysis units with renewable energy sources in both autonomous and grid-connected systems, and comment on some relevant demonstration projects. Written by an internationally renowned team from academia and industry, the result is an invaluable review of the field and a discussion of known limitations and future perspectives.




Electrochemical Methods for Hydrogen Production


Book Description

The hydrogen economy is receiving increased attention due to concerns around the consequences of fossil fuel use, and hydrogen has great potential as a way to reduce reliance on traditional energy sources. Increased hydrogen supplies using cleaner methods are seen as essential for potential hydrogen based power systems for transportation and renewable energy conversion into fuel. Electrochemical Methods for Hydrogen Production provides a comprehensive picture of the various routes to use electricity to produce hydrogen using electrochemical science and technology. The book provides an overview of the fundamentals of electrochemical cells and performance characterisation, as well as a comparison of current applications. It also includes the various types of electrolysers currently used commercially and the range of new electrolysis processes, including photo-electrochemical, biological and thermal energy techniques. Edited by an expert in the field, this title will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in academia and industry working in energy, electrochemistry, physical chemistry and chemical engineering.




Electrochemical Process Engineering


Book Description

As the subtitle indicates, the overriding intention of the authors has been to provide a practical guide to the design of electrolytic plant. We wanted to show that the procedures for the design and optimization of such a plant are essentially simple and can be performed by readers comparatively new to the electrochemical field. It was important to realize that electrochemical engineering should not be confused with applied electrochemistry but had to be based on the principles of chemical engineering. For this reason, reference is often made to standard chemical engineering texts. Since this is a practical guide rather than a textbook, we have included a large number of worked examples on the principle that a good worked example is worth many paragraphs of text. In some examples we have quoted costs, e.g., of chemicals, plant or services. These costs are merely illustrative; current values will have to be obtained from manufacturers or journals. If this is not possible, approximate methods are available for updating costs to present-day values (see Refs. 1 and 3, Chapter 6).




Chemistry 2e


Book Description

Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition.







Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production


Book Description

This book provides a detailed description of hydrogen production through water electrolysis. It starts with the theoretical description of the chemical, thermodynamic, and kinetic issues related to the electrolysis of water. The main available technologies and the ones under development are detailed from a technical and a scientific point of view. At the end of the book Dr. Cavaliere describes the main hydrogen applications and their contribution to the grand energy transition that is expected by the middle of the century. The book also examines the economic issues related to the transition toward the hydrogen society.




Electrochemical Engineering


Book Description

A Comprehensive Reference for Electrochemical Engineering Theory and Application From chemical and electronics manufacturing, to hybrid vehicles, energy storage, and beyond, electrochemical engineering touches many industries—any many lives—every day. As energy conservation becomes of central importance, so too does the science that helps us reduce consumption, reduce waste, and lessen our impact on the planet. Electrochemical Engineering provides a reference for scientists and engineers working with electrochemical processes, and a rigorous, thorough text for graduate students and upper-division undergraduates. Merging theoretical concepts with widespread application, this book is designed to provide critical knowledge in a real-world context. Beginning with the fundamental principles underpinning the field, the discussion moves into industrial and manufacturing processes that blend central ideas to provide an advanced understanding while explaining observable results. Fully-worked illustrations simplify complex processes, and end-of chapter questions help reinforce essential knowledge. With in-depth coverage of both the practical and theoretical, this book is both a thorough introduction to and a useful reference for the field. Rigorous in depth, yet grounded in relevance, Electrochemical Engineering: Introduces basic principles from the standpoint of practical application Explores the kinetics of electrochemical reactions with discussion on thermodynamics, reaction fundamentals, and transport Covers battery and fuel cell characteristics, mechanisms, and system design Delves into the design and mechanics of hybrid and electric vehicles, including regenerative braking, start-stop hybrids, and fuel cell systems Examines electrodeposition, redox-flow batteries, electrolysis, regenerative fuel cells, semiconductors, and other applications of electrochemical engineering principles Overlapping chemical engineering, chemistry, material science, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering, electrochemical engineering covers a diverse array of phenomena explained by some of the important scientific discoveries of our time. Electrochemical Engineering provides the critical understanding required to work effectively with these processes as they become increasingly central to global sustainability.




Springer Handbook of Electrochemical Energy


Book Description

This comprehensive handbook covers all fundamentals of electrochemistry for contemporary applications. It provides a rich presentation of related topics of electrochemistry with a clear focus on energy technologies. It covers all aspects of electrochemistry starting with theoretical concepts and basic laws of thermodynamics, non-equilibrium thermodynamics and multiscale modeling. It further gathers the basic experimental methods such as potentiometry, reference electrodes, ion-sensitive electrodes, voltammetry and amperometry. The contents cover subjects related to mass transport, the electric double layer, ohmic losses and experimentation affecting electrochemical reactions. These aspects of electrochemistry are especially examined in view of specific energy technologies including batteries, polymer electrolyte and biological fuel cells, electrochemical capacitors, electrochemical hydrogen production and photoelectrochemistry. Organized in six parts, the overall complexity of electrochemistry is presented and makes this handbook an authoritative reference and definitive source for advanced students, professionals and scientists particularly interested in industrial and energy applications.




Electrochemical Water Electrolysis


Book Description

This book comprehensively describes the fundamentals of electrochemical water electrolysis as well as the latest materials and technological developments. It addresses a variety of topics such as electrochemical processes, materials, components, assembly and manufacturing, and degradation mechanisms, as well as challenges and strategies. It also includes an understanding of how materials and technologies for electrochemical water electrolysis have developed in recent years, and it describes the progress in improving performance and providing benefits to energy systems and applications. Features the most recent advances in electrochemical water electrolysis to produce hydrogen Discusses cutting-edge materials and technologies for electrochemical water electrolysis Includes both experimental and theoretical approaches that can be used to guide and promote materials as well as technological development for electrochemical water electrolysis Comprises work from international leading scientists active in electrochemical energy and environmental research and development Provides invaluable information that will benefit readers from both academia and industry With contributions from researchers at the top of their fields, the book includes in-depth discussions covering the engineering of components and applied devices, making this an essential read for scientists and engineers working in the development of electrochemical energy devices and related disciplines.