Engine Emission Control Technologies


Book Description

This new volume covers the important issues related to environmental emissions from SI and CI engines as well as their formation and various pollution mitigation techniques. The book addresses aspects of improvements in engine modification, such as design modifications for enhanced performance, both with conventional fuels as well as with new and alternative fuels. It also explores some new combustion concepts that will help to pave the way for complying with new emission concepts. Alternative fuels are addressed in this volume to help mitigate harmful emissions, and alternative power sources for automobiles are also discussed briefly to cover the switch over from fueled engines to electrics, including battery-powered electric vehicles and fuel cells. The authors explain the different technologies available to date to overcome the limitations of conventional prime movers (fueled by both fossil fuels and alternative fuels). Topics examined include: • Engine modifications needed to limit harmful emissions • The use of engine after-treatment devices to contain emissions • The development of new combustion concepts • Adoption of alternative fuels in existing engines • Switching over to electrics—advantages and limitations • Specifications of highly marketed automobiles • Emission measurement methods




NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines


Book Description

NOx Emission Control Technologies in Stationary and Automotive Internal Combustion Engines: Approaches Toward NOx Free Automobiles presents the fundamental theory of emission formation, particularly the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and its chemical reactions and control techniques. The book provides a simplified framework for technical literature on NOx reduction strategies in IC engines, highlighting thermodynamics, combustion science, automotive emissions and environmental pollution control. Sections cover the toxicity and roots of emissions for both SI and CI engines and the formation of various emissions such as CO, SO2, HC, NOx, soot, and PM from internal combustion engines, along with various methods of NOx formation. Topics cover the combustion process, engine design parameters, and the application of exhaust gas recirculation for NOx reduction, making this book ideal for researchers and students in automotive, mechanical, mechatronics and chemical engineering students working in the field of emission control techniques. - Covers advanced and recent technologies and emerging new trends in NOx reduction for emission control - Highlights the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on engine performance parameters - Discusses emission norms such as EURO VI and Bharat stage VI in reducing global air pollution due to engine emissions




New Technologies for Emission Control in Marine Diesel Engines


Book Description

New Technologies for Emission Control in Marine Diesel Engines provides a unique overview on marine diesel engines and aftertreatment technologies that is based on the authors' extensive experience in research and development of emission control systems, especially plasma aftertreatment systems. The book covers new and updated technologies, such as combustion improvement and after treatment, SCR, the NOx reduction method, Ox scrubber, DPF, Electrostatic precipitator, Plasma PM decomposition, Plasma NOx reduction, and the Exhaust gas recirculation method. This comprehensive resource is ideal for marine engineers, engine manufacturers and consultants dealing with the development and implementation of aftertreatment systems in marine engines. - Includes recent advances and future trends of marine engines - Discusses new and innovative emission technologies for marine diesel engines and their regulations - Covers aftertreatment technologies that are not widely applied, such as catalysts, SCR, DPF and plasmas




Novel Internal Combustion Engine Technologies for Performance Improvement and Emission Reduction


Book Description

This monograph covers different aspects of internal combustion engines including engine performance and emissions and presents various solutions to resolve these issues. The contents provide examples of utilization of methanol as a fuel for CI engines in different modes of transportation, such as railroad, personal vehicles or heavy duty road transportation. The volume provides information about the current methanol utilization and its potential, its effect on the engine in terms of efficiency, combustion, performance, pollutants formation and prediction. The contents are also based on review of technologies present, the status of different combustion and emission control technologies and their suitability for different types of IC engines. Few novel technologies for spark ignition (SI) engines have been also included in this book, which makes this book a complete solution for both kind of engines. This book will be useful for engine researchers, energy experts and students involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation and environmental research.




Natural Gas Engines


Book Description

This book covers the various advanced reciprocating combustion engine technologies that utilize natural gas and alternative fuels for transportation and power generation applications. It is divided into three major sections consisting of both fundamental and applied technologies to identify (but not limited to) clean, high-efficiency opportunities with natural gas fueling that have been developed through experimental protocols, numerical and high-performance computational simulations, and zero-dimensional, multizone combustion simulations. Particular emphasis is placed on statutes to monitor fine particulate emissions from tailpipe of engines operating on natural gas and alternative fuels.




Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines


Book Description

For years, diesel engines have been the focus of particulate matter emission reductions. Now, however, modern diesel engines emit less particles than a comparable gasoline engine. This transformation necessitates an introduction of particulate reduction strategies for the gasoline-powered vehicle. Many strategies can be leveraged from diesel engines, but new combustion and engine control technologies will be needed to meet the latest gasoline regulations across the globe. Particulate reduction is a critical health concern in addition to the regulatory requirements. This is a vital issue with real-world implications. Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines encompasses the current strategies and technologies used to reduce particulates to meet regulatory requirements and curtail health hazards - reviewing principles and applications of these techniques. Highlights and features in the book include: Gasoline particulate filter design, function and applications Coated and uncoated three way catalyst design and integration Measurement of gasoline particulate matter emission, both laboratory and PEMS The goal is to provide a comprehensive assessment of gasoline particulate emission control to meet regulatory and health requirements - appealing to calibration, development and testing engineers alike.




Advanced Direct Injection Combustion Engine Technologies and Development


Book Description

Direct injection enables precise control of the fuel/air mixture so that engines can be tuned for improved power and fuel economy, but ongoing research challenges remain in improving the technology for commercial applications. As fuel prices escalate DI engines are expected to gain in popularity for automotive applications. This important book, in two volumes, reviews the science and technology of different types of DI combustion engines and their fuels. Volume 1 deals with direct injection gasoline and CNG engines, including history and essential principles, approaches to improved fuel economy, design, optimisation, optical techniques and their applications. - Reviews key technologies for enhancing direct injection (DI) gasoline engines - Examines approaches to improved fuel economy and lower emissions - Discusses DI compressed natural gas (CNG) engines and biofuels




Handbook of Air Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines


Book Description

This handbook is an important and valuable source for engineers and researchers in the area of internal combustion engines pollution control. It provides an excellent updated review of available knowledge in this field and furnishes essential and useful information on air pollution constituents, mechanisms of formation, control technologies, effects of engine design, effects of operation conditions, and effects of fuel formulation and additives. The text is rich in explanatory diagrams, figures and tables, and includes a considerable number of references. - An important resource for engineers and researchers in the area of internal combustion engines and pollution control - Presents and excellent updated review of the available knowledge in this area - Written by 23 experts - Provides over 700 references and more than 500 explanatory diagrams, figures and tables




Diesel Emissions and Their Control, 2nd Edition


Book Description

Engineers, applied scientists, students, and individuals working to reduceemissions and advance diesel engine technology will find the secondedition of Diesel Emissions and Their Control to be an indispensablereference. Whether readers are at the outset of their learning journey orseeking to deepen their expertise, this comprehensive reference bookcaters to a wide audience.In this substantial update to the 2006 classic, the authors have expandedthe coverage of the latest emission technologies. With the industryevolving rapidly, the book ensures that readers are well-informed aboutthe most recent advances in commercial diesel engines, providing acompetitive edge in their respective fields. The second edition has alsostreamlined the content to focus on the most promising technologies.This book is rooted in the wealth of information available on DieselNet.com, where the “Technology Guide” papers offer in-depth insights. Eachchapter includes links to relevant online materials, granting readers accessto even more expertise and knowledge.The second edition is organized into six parts, providing a structuredjourney through every aspect of diesel engines and emissions control: Part I: A foundational exploration of the diesel engine, combustion, andessential subsystems. Part II: An in-depth look at emission characterization, health andenvironmental impacts, testing methods, and global regulations. Part III: A comprehensive overview of diesel fuels, covering petroleumdiesel, alternative fuels, and engine lubricants. Part IV: An exploration of engine efficiency and emission controltechnologies, from exhaust gas recirculation to engine control. Part V: The latest developments in diesel exhaust aftertreatment,encompassing catalyst technologies and particulate filters. Part VI: A historical journey through the evolution of dieselengine technology, with a focus on heavy-duty engines in the NorthAmerican market. (ISBN 9781468605693, ISBN 9781468605709, ISBN 9781468605716, DOI: 10.4271/9781468605709)




Air Quality Management in the United States


Book Description

Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.