Providing Safe Drinking Water in Small Systems


Book Description

The continued lack of access to adequate amounts of safe drinking water is one of the primary causes of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide and a serious situation which governments, international agencies and private organizations are striving to alleviate. Barriers to providing safe drinking water for rural areas and small communities that must be overcome include the financing and stability of small systems, their operation, and appropriate, cost-effective technologies to treat and deliver water to consumers. While we know how to technically produce safe drinking water, we are not always able to achieve sustainable safe water supplies for small systems in developed and developing countries. Everyone wants to move rapidly to reach the goal of universal safe drinking water, because safe water is the most fundamental essential element for personal and social health and welfare. Without safe water and a safe environment, sustained personal economic and cultural development is impossible. Often small rural systems are the last in the opportunity line. Safe Drinking Water in Small Systems describes feasible technologies, operating procedures, management, and financing opportunities to alleviate problems faced by small water systems in both developed and developing countries. In addition to widely used traditional technologies this reference presents emerging technologies and non-traditional approaches to water treatment, management, sources of energy, and the delivery of safe water.




From Source Water to Drinking Water


Book Description

The Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine was established in 1988 as a mechanism for bringing the various stakeholders together to discuss environmental health issues in a neutral setting. The members of the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine come from academia, industry, and government. Their perspectives range widely and represent the diverse viewpoints of researchers, federal officials, and consumers. They meet, discuss environmental health issues that are of mutual interest, and bring others together to discuss these issues as well. For example, they regularly convene workshops to help facilitate discussion of a particular topic. The Rountable's fifth national workshop entitled From Source Water to Drinking Water: Ongoing and Emerging Challenges for Public Health continued the theme established by previous Roundtable workshops, looking at rebuilding the unity of health and the environment. This workshop summary captures the discussions and presentations by the speakers and participants, who identified the areas in which additional research was needed, the processes by which changes could occur, and the gaps in our knowledge.




Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification


Book Description

Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, Four Volume Set provides a rich source of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from natural and deliberate contaminants, including those that are added because of carelessness of human endeavors. Human development has great impact on water quality, and new contaminants are emerging every day. The issues of sampling for water analysis, regulatory considerations, and forensics in water quality and purity investigations are covered in detail. Microbial as well as chemical contaminations from inorganic compounds, radionuclides, volatile and semivolatile compounds, disinfectants, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals, including endocrine disruptors, are treated extensively. Researchers must be aware of all sources of contamination and know how to prescribe techniques for removing them from our water supply. Unlike other works published to date that concentrate on issues of water supply, water resource management, hydrology, and water use by industry, this work is more tightly focused on the monitoring and improvement of the quality of existing water supplies and the recovery of wastewater via new and standard separation techniques Using analytical chemistry methods, offers remediation advice on pollutants and contaminants in addition to providing the critical identification perspective The players in the global boom of water purification are numerous and varied. Having worked extensively in academia and industry, the Editor-in-Chief has been careful about constructing a work for a shared audience and cause




Safe Drinking Water


Book Description




Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality


Book Description

This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.




Ensuring Safe Drinking Water


Book Description

Safe drinking water is essential to human life. Ensuring Safe Drinking Water: Learning From Frontline Experience with Contamination provides those who carry responsibility for ensuring safe drinking water an opportunity to learn from the experiences of others. This book presents 21 case studies-10 waterborne disease outbreaks, 7 cases of severe chemical contamination, and 4 close calls-written largely from the perspective of frontline personnel who experienced the events as they unfolded. For each case, distinguished authors Steve E. Hrudey and Elizabeth J. Hrudey have provided background, operational details, illustrations, questions to ponder, lessons learned, and more, to allow professionals to imagine themselves in these circumstances and see how these experiences can help them in ensuring the safety of their own systems. Ensuring Safe Drinking Water is essential reading for operators, supervisors, foremen, managers, administrative officers, commissioners, councilors, local officials, utility board members, regulators, and public health agency personnel. Accessible and urgent, the book is intended to spark discussion and exchange. Its true-life stories of how things can go wrong lay out what's at stake in the crucial work that water professionals perform every day.




Water Reuse


Book Description

Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.




Handbook of Water Purity and Quality


Book Description

This work provides those involved in water purification research and administration with a comprehensive resource of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from contaminants, both natural and human caused. The book first provides an overview of major water-related issues in developing and developed countries, followed by a review of issues of sampling for water analysis, regulatory considerations and forensics in water quality and purity investigations. The subsequent chapters cover microbial as well chemical contaminations from inorganic compounds, radionuclides, volatile and semi-volatile compounds, disinfectants, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals, including endocrine disruptors, as well as potential terrorist-related contamination. The last chapter describes the Grainger prize-winning filter that can remove arsenic from water sources and sufficiently protect the health of a large number of people. Covers the scope of water contamination problems on a worldwide scale Provides a rich source of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from natural and deliberate contaminants Describes the filter that won the $1 million Grainger prize and thereby highlighting an important approach to remediation




Water Challenges of an Urbanizing World


Book Description

Global water crisis is a challenge to the security, political stability and environmental sustainability of developing nations and with climate, economically and politically, induces migrations also for the developed ones. Currently, the urban population is 54% with prospects that by the end of 2050 and 2100 66% and 80%, respectively, of the world's population will live in urban environment. Untreated water abstracted from polluted resources and destructed ecosystems as well as discharge of untreated waste water is the cause of health problems and death for millions around the globe. Competition for water is wide among agriculture, industry, power companies and recreational tourism as well as nature habitats. Climate changes are a major threat to the water resources. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in integrated assessment of water resource management in the urbanizing world, which is a foundation to develop society with secure water availability, food market stability and ecosystem preservation.




The Drinking Water Handbook, Second Edition


Book Description

When you open the tap to fill your glass with drinking water, you expect the water to be of good quality. But is the water from your tap really safe? The second edition of an industry-wide bestseller, The Drinking Water Handbook explains the many processes employed to make water safe to drink. Starting at the source, it evaluates the quality control of drinking water through treatment and distribution to the tap, and its use and reuse by the consumer. What’s in Your Glass of Water? Engaging and accessible, the handbook covers important concepts and regulations and identifies current problems with the water supply. In addition to the traditional physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters that affect water quality, it discusses trihalomethanes, Cryptosporidium, viruses, carcinogens, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), and other pollutants. Solutions for Safer Drinking Water The book also addresses the challenges faced by practitioners striving to provide the best drinking water quality to the consumer. It outlines techniques and technologies for monitoring and water treatment, from preliminary screening to filtration and disinfection, as well as advanced processes for specialized water problems. Recognizing the importance of protecting water infrastructure, the authors include a comprehensive chapter on security requirements for waterworks. This user-friendly handbook puts technical information about drinking water in the hands of the general public, sanitary and public works engineers, public health administrators, water treatment operators, and students. Thoroughly updated to reflect current science and technologies, it takes a close look at what can be found in many tap water supplies and the measures taken to ensure the health and well-being of consumers. What’s New in this Edition Updates to every chapter, reflecting advances in the field Expanded material on sick water related to PPCPs Discussion of the latest treatment technologies Coverage of individual contaminants Current regulations related to drinking water