Author : Michael Geistlinger
Publisher :
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 48,18 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Political Science
ISBN :
A new framework for the Estonian majority and the Russian minority
Author : Michael Geistlinger
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 11,67 MB
Release : 1995
Category :
ISBN : 9783700310730
Author : Marju Lauristin
Publisher :
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 13,57 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Estland
ISBN :
Author : Heather A. Conley
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 33,3 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780892066667
This study examines the current state of relations among Russia, Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. The report pays special attention to the Russian Compatriot Policy, which seeks to codify the relationship of the Russian diaspora to its homeland, and to evaluate its effectiveness as a soft power foreign policy tool in Estonia. Analysis of this policy, as well as an understanding of Estonian domestic policies toward and relationships with the Russian minority within the country, has been conducted based on the results of a comprehensive survey conducted by CSIS in 2009 and 2010. The survey data were generated through interviews with over 3,000 individuals between the ages of 16 and 29, including equal numbers of Russians living in Russia, native Estonians living in Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. This research not only helps shed light on the current state of affairs for the Russian minority in Estonia, but also gives clues as to where the situation is heading. The report includes an overview of historical issues confronting the Estonia/Russia relationship, with a particular focus on major disagreements regarding historical interpretations of World War II and the subsequent Soviet occupation of Estonia. This includes a description of the so-called 2007 Bronze Night incident and the waves of cyber attacks that followed. Estonian citizenship policies, with specific attention to Estonian language requirements, are also examined. This is followed by an in-depth overview of the Russian Compatriot Policy in Estonia, including its reach through nongovernmental organizations, the media, legal action, and the Russian Orthodox Church.
Author : Jennie L. Schulze
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 44,72 MB
Release : 2018-03-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0822983095
Joseph Rothschild Book Prize Honorable Mention Strategic Frames analyzes minority policies in Estonia and Latvia following their independence from the Soviet Union. It weighs the powerful influence of both Europe and Russia on their policy choices, and how this intersected with the costs and benefits of policy changes for the politicians in each state. Prior to EU accession, policymakers were slow to adopt minority-friendly policies for ethnic Russians despite mandates from the European Union. These initiatives faced majority opposition, and politicians sought to maintain the status quo and their positions. As Jennie L. Schulze reveals, despite the credit given to the democratizing influence of European institutions, they have rarely produced significant policy changes alone, and then only when domestic constraints were low. Whenever domestic opposition was high, Russian frames were crucial for the passage of reforms. In these cases, Russia’s activism on behalf of Russian speakers reinforced European frames, providing powerful justifications for reform. Schulze’s attention to both the strategic framing and counter framing of external actors explains the controversies, delays, and suboptimal outcomes surrounding the passage of “conditional” amendments in both cases, as well as the local political climate postaccession. Strategic Frames offers a significant reference on recent developments in two former Soviet states and the rapidly evolving spheres of political influence in the postindependence era that will serve students, scholars, and policymakers alike.
Author : Heather A. Conley
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,96 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Estonia
ISBN :
This study examines the current state of relations among Russia, Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. The report pays special attention to the Russian Compatriot Policy, which seeks to codify the relationship of the Russian diaspora to its homeland, and to evaluate its effectiveness as a soft power foreign policy tool in Estonia. Analysis of this policy, as well as an understanding of Estonian domestic policies toward and relationships with the Russian minority within the country, has been conducted based on the results of a comprehensive survey conducted by CSIS in 2009 and 2010. The survey data were generated through interviews with over 3,000 individuals between the ages of 16 and 29, including equal numbers of Russians living in Russia, native Estonians living in Estonia, and ethnic Russians living in Estonia. This research not only helps shed light on the current state of affairs for the Russian minority in Estonia, but also gives clues as to where the situation is heading. The report includes an overview of historical issues confronting the Estonia/Russia relationship, with a particular focus on major disagreements regarding historical interpretations of World War II and the subsequent Soviet occupation of Estonia. This includes a description of the so-called 2007 Bronze Night incident and the waves of cyber attacks that followed. Estonian citizenship policies, with specific attention to Estonian language requirements, are also examined. This is followed by an in-depth overview of the Russian Compatriot Policy in Estonia, including its reach through nongovernmental organizations, the media, legal action, and the Russian Orthodox Church.
Author : Diane F. Halpern
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 12,21 MB
Release : 1997-07-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0195356012
Political belief systems are, at heart, psychological theories of motivation, personality, mental health, education, and social interaction. In this volume, Diane Halpern and Alexander Voiskounsky take advantage of recent political events in the former Soviet Union which have created a unique opportunity to study the ways in which two major world powers have defined contemporary psychological issues. Because access to Western literature in psychology was strictly controlled until 1991, much of Soviet psychology developed independently of Western ideas. Likewise, impediments in communication also prevented Western researchers and theorists from enhancing their work with Soviet perspectives. Although the political climate has changed enormously, barriers to the exchange of ideas still remain. States of Mind explores newly evolving areas of psychology that are particularly important at this time in history, and addresses these topics from both post-Soviet and American perspectives. Psychologists from both backgrounds present their personal views of their own areas of expertise to offer their counterparts a portion of the psychological landscape from a new vantage point.
Author : Meike Wulf
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 17,33 MB
Release : 2016-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 1785330748
Located within the forgotten half of Europe, historically trapped between Germany and Russia, Estonia has been profoundly shaped by the violent conflicts and shifting political fortunes of the last century. This innovative study traces the tangled interaction of Estonian historical memory and national identity in a sweeping analysis extending from the Great War to the present day. At its heart is the enduring anguish of World War Two and the subsequent half-century of Soviet rule. Shadowlands tells this story by foregrounding the experiences of the country’s intellectuals, who were instrumental in sustaining Estonian historical memory, but who until fairly recently could not openly grapple with their nation’s complex, difficult past.
Author : Ted Hopf
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 22,37 MB
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780271042206
Scholars from Asia, Europe, and North America working with the support of the Finnish Institute of International Affairs combine their efforts to bring us new insights into how Russia has conducted its foreign affairs since the fall of Communism. Drawing on both archival sources and interviews, they cover such major issues as Russia's decision to use military force in Chechnya, its reactions to NATO expansion, and its emergent relations with Japan and East Asia. The contributors are Eunsook Chung, Henrikki Heikka, Ted Hopf, Andrea Lopez, Hiroshi Kimura, Sergei Medvedev, and Christer Pursiainen.
Author : Péter Niedermüller
Publisher : Museum Tusculanum Press
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 28,55 MB
Release : 2001
Category : History
ISBN : 9788772896861
At the beginning of a new millennium a new Europe is emerging, but behind this imagination we have to face old problems and unsolved conflicts of our historical past. The collapse of socialism in Eastern Europe led to decline and fall of the conceptual geography which was based on East vs. West and has shown political, social and cultural implications for both parts of the continent. Political borders and blocks have disappeared, but national ethnic, cultural and social differences are all still at work. In this book a number of leading European ethnologist investigates the complex process of the social, cultural and symbolic constructions of Europe's new geography, and shows how old lines of demarcation are revitalised, how different cultural imaginations of Europe are politically instrumentalised, and how political conflicts are being culturalised.
