Evaluating the Impact of Environmentally Friendly Cleaners on System Readiness


Book Description

Federal, state and local regulations limiting the use, storage and disposal of hydrocarbon-based cleaning solvents have led to the uncontrolled replacement of solvents with environmentally friendly products. The Army and other defense agencies rely on these solvents to maintain unique, mission critical systems and materiel and the replacement of hydrocarbon solvents has resulted in use, approval and compatibility issues. The U.S. Army Environmental Center (USAEC) and Aberdeen Test Center (ATC) have developed an Alternative Cleaner Compatibility and Performance Evaluation Program to survey user needs, validate alternative cleaner performance, consolidate lessons learned and provide a web based dissemination, review and evaluation tool. The test criteria were developed based on input from the technical community, the test community and the user community. A cooperative program between cleaner manufacturers and USAEC/ATC is currently in progress to evaluate currently available cleaner technology. The objective of this paper is to discuss the current status of the alternative cleaner testing and efforts to develop a universal test protocol that will provide the DOD community with the data necessary to make wise decisions concerning the replacement of hydrocarbon based cleaners. The culmination of the process will provide a user-friendly mechanism to facilitate implementation of environmentally friendly replacement products and technologies.




Alternative Cleaner Materials Compatibility Evaluation Program


Book Description

Many federal, state and local laws and regulations limit the use, storage and disposal of hydrocarbon-based cleaning solutions. Unfortunately, the Army and other defense agencies rely on these solvents to maintain unique, mission-critical systems and materiel. The uncontrolled replacement of these solvents with environmentally friendly products has the potential to reduce the readiness of Army's legacy systems. Thus, testing has become a critical component in the process to gain approval to use alternative cleaners in DoD maintenance and repair activities. The preponderance of test methods established in this protocol are in accordance with recognized national and international test methods endorsed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Military unique test specifications and standards are identified where necessary to meet mission%oriented criteria. The intent of this protocol was to determine which materials and what tests were needed to develop data to determine the material compatibility of alternative cleaners. Final approval of the form, content of this document and resultant required data rest with the commodity commands who have the ultimate approval authority for determining criteria and approving the use of alternative cleaners on material items under their purview.










Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry


Book Description

An updated overview of the rapidly developing field of green techniques for organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry Green chemistry remains a high priority in modern organic synthesis and pharmaceutical R&D, with important environmental and economic implications. This book presents comprehensive coverage of green chemistry techniques for organic and medicinal chemistry applications, summarizing the available new technologies, analyzing each technique’s features and green chemistry characteristics, and providing examples to demonstrate applications for green organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. The extensively revised edition of Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry includes 7 entirely new chapters on topics including green chemistry and innovation, green chemistry metrics, green chemistry and biological drugs, and the business case for green chemistry in the generic pharmaceutical industry. It is divided into 4 parts. The first part introduces readers to the concepts of green chemistry and green engineering, global environmental regulations, green analytical chemistry, green solvents, and green chemistry metrics. The other three sections cover green catalysis, green synthetic techniques, and green techniques and strategies in the pharmaceutical industry. Includes more than 30% new and updated material—plus seven brand new chapters Edited by highly regarded experts in the field (Berkeley Cue is one of the fathers of Green Chemistry in Pharma) with backgrounds in academia and industry Brings together a team of international authors from academia, industry, government agencies, and consultancies (including John Warner, one of the founders of the field of Green Chemistry) Green Techniques for Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry, Second Edition is an essential resource on green chemistry technologies for academic researchers, R&D professionals, and students working in organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry.










Indicator Systems for Sustainable Innovation


Book Description

In the recent past, environmental innovations have led to a considerable reduction of many pollutants; however, further innovation is required to tackle remaining pollution sources. This work analyses the significance and the effects of framework conditions on innovation activities that contribute to the realisation of a sustainable development. The book links the experiences of different research projects with the aim to develop a system of indicators to evaluate sustainable effects of (environmental) innovations. A comprehensive framework for an indicator system is established that allows to include different environmental innovation fields such as process innovations in the steel production, substitution of dangerous chemicals, organisational innovations in the field of waste disposal or sustainable water management.




Eco-efficiency


Book Description




Cleaner Production


Book Description