Farm Income Variability and the Supply of Off-Farm Labor


Book Description

If farmers are risk averse, greater farm income variability should increase off-farm labor supply. This effect is confirmed for a sample of Kansas farmers. Off-farm employment of farmers and their spouses is also found to be significantly influenced by farm experience, off-farm work experience, farm size, leverage, efficiency, and farm-specific education. In addition, farm operators and spouses who receive significant income support through government farm programs are less likely to work off the farm. This may suggest that policy changes reducing farm income support payments may increase off-farm employment of farmers and their spouses.













The Off-Farm Occupations of U. S. Farm Operators and Their Spouses


Book Description

Because of the broad definition of a farm -- which includes numerous small operations that produce little or no agricultural commodities in any given year -- most farm households earn all of their income from nonfarm sources. However, even those operating farms with substantial production often have significant nonfarm income. Industry and occupation information collected by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture's (USDA) 2010 Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) provides one indication of how the skills demanded and cultivated on the farm influence off-farm employment incentives and opportunities. This study finds that when farm operators and their spouses work off farm, they are most likely to hold a management or professional occupation. This is especially true for households operating larger farms. Figures and tables. This is a print on demand report.