Flexibility Vs. Screening


Book Description

This paper empirically examines the impact of temporary agency work strategies on firm performance using panel data from German establishments. Thereby, special attention is devoted to the question, whether there are performance differences be- tween establishments using temporary agency workers (TAWs) as a buffer stock (flexibility strategy) and establishments testing TAWs for permanent positions (screening strategy). Theoretically, there are good reasons for using one strategy as well as adopting the other. On the other hand, however, both strategies may also be associated with serious drawbacks to be borne by the establishments. Our empirical analysis suggests that establishments following the flexibility strategy perform signifi- cantly worse than establishments following the screening strategy. Hence, we con- clude that employers act in their own interest, if they credibly consider temporary workers for permanent jobs instead of implementing a system of first- and second- class employees.




Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth


Book Description

Physical fitness affects our ability to function and be active. At poor levels, it is associated with such health outcomes as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical fitness testing in American youth was established on a large scale in the 1950s with an early focus on performance-related fitness that gradually gave way to an emphasis on health-related fitness. Using appropriately selected measures to collected fitness data in youth will advance our understanding of how fitness among youth translates into better health. In Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth, the IOM assesses the relationship between youth fitness test items and health outcomes, recommends the best fitness test items, provides guidance for interpreting fitness scores, and provides an agenda for needed research. The report concludes that selected cardiorespiratory endurance, musculoskeletal fitness, and body composition measures should be in fitness surveys and in schools. Collecting fitness data nationally and in schools helps with setting and achieving fitness goals and priorities for public health at an individual and national level.




Flexitest


Book Description

Flexitest: An Innovative Flexibility Assessment Method introduces Flexitest, a simple, easy-to-learn grading system that simultaneously measures and evaluates the flexibility of 20 different individual joint movements. Now you will be able to really evaluate, rather than just measure, flexibility for individuals of all age groups and physical activity levels. Claudio Gil Soares de Araújo, a Brazilian sports medicine physician with a PhD in physiology, has spent more than 20 years developing and perfecting the Flexitest method. This concise resource clearly explains how to use Flexitest in different settings, with valuable coverage of data acquisition, analysis, and statistics. The book is organized into three parts and includes the following features: -More than 100 accurate photographs of the assessment of 20 joint movements -Numerous figures and tables presenting the flexogram and flexindex data -Supplemented photographs, scientific full text papers and abstracts, and other materials available via the author ́s institutional Web site - http: //www.clinimex.com.br- for viewing and downloading Flexitest book proposes a 18-point classification system that makes it easy to compare and contrast different flexibility assessment techniques; it will appeal to any professional whose job involves flexibility assessment. The author discusses how to determine a global index of body flexibility, called Flexindex, using the assessment of different joints. He presents normative and statistical information for over 3,000 male and female subjects ranging in age from 5 to 88 and the Flexitest profiles of more than 400 athletes from a variety of sports. You'll also find a self-evaluation test, a review of contemporary flexibility testing methods, variables affecting flexibility assessments, and a rationale for the use of Flexitest based on several controlled studies. The information presented in Flexitest: An Innovative Flexibility Assessment Method is clear enough for practitioners to begin using the technique immediately, yet it is detailed enough to meet the scientific needs of researchers.




Reducing the Odds


Book Description

Thousands of HIV-positive women give birth every year. Further, because many pregnant women are not tested for HIV and therefore do not receive treatment, the number of children born with HIV is still unacceptably high. What can we do to eliminate this tragic and costly inheritance? In response to a congressional request, this book evaluates the extent to which state efforts have been effective in reducing the perinatal transmission of HIV. The committee recommends that testing HIV be a routine part of prenatal care, and that health care providers notify women that HIV testing is part of the usual array of prenatal tests and that they have an opportunity to refuse the HIV test. This approach could help both reduce the number of pediatric AIDS cases and improve treatment for mothers with AIDS. Reducing the Odds will be of special interest to federal, state, and local health policymakers, prenatal care providers, maternal and child health specialists, public health practitioners, and advocates for HIV/AIDS patients. January




Commitment, Flexibility, and Optimal Screening of Time Inconsistency


Book Description

This paper develops a theory of optimal provision of commitment devices to people who value both commitment and flexibility, and whose preferences differ in the degree of time inconsistency. If time inconsistency is observable, both a planner and a monopolist provide devices that help each person commit to the efficient level of flexibility. But the combination of unobservable time inconsistency and preference for flexibility causes an adverse-selection problem. To solve it, the monopolist and (possibly) the planner curtail flexibility in the device for a more inconsistent person at both ends of the efficient choice range, and may have to add unused options to, or even distort, the device for a less inconsistent person. This theory has normative and positive implications for private and public provision of commitment devices.




Learning disabilities screening and evaluation guide for low- and middle-income countries


Book Description

Learning disabilities are among the most common disabilities experienced in childhood and adulthood. Although identifying learning disabilities in a school setting is a complex process, it is particularly challenging in low- and middle-income countries that lack the appropriate resources, tools, and supports. This guide provides an introduction to learning disabilities and describes the processes and practices that are necessary for the identification process. It also describes a phased approach that countries can use to assess their current screening and evaluation services, as well as determine the steps needed to develop, strengthen, and build systems that support students with learning disabilities. This guide also provides intervention recommendations that teachers and school administrators can implement at each phase of system development. Although this guide primarily addresses learning disabilities, the practices, processes, and systems described may be also used to improve the identification of other disabilities commonly encountered in schools.




Vibrational Spectroscopy in Diagnosis and Screening


Book Description

In recent years there has been a tremendous growth in the use of vibrational spectroscopic methods for diagnosis and screening. These applications range from diagnosis of disease states in humans, such as cancer, to rapid identification and screening of microorganisms. The growth in such types of studies has been possible thanks to advances in instrumentation and associated computational and mathematical tools for data processing and analysis. This volume of Advances in Biomedical Spectroscopy contains chapters from leading experts who discuss the latest advances in the application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Near infrared (NIR), Terahertz and Raman spectroscopy for diagnosis and screening in fields ranging from medicine, dentistry, forensics and aquatic science. Many of the chapters provide information on sample preparation, data acquisition and data interpretation that would be particularly valuable for new users of these techniques including established scientists and graduate students in both academia and industry.




Assessments for Sport and Athletic Performance


Book Description

Many scientific sport assessment resources are difficult to understand, can be time consuming to implement, and provide data that are difficult to analyze. Assessments for Sport and Athletic Performance effectively solves those problems in this practical, user-friendly guide to performance-based evaluation. A perfect resource for coaches and fitness professionals, Assessments for Sport and Athletic Performance is a streamlined guide through the process of identifying appropriate tests for individuals or teams, making use of common low-cost equipment to administer the tests, interpreting data, adjusting training programs based on the results, and continually monitoring the training.




European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis


Book Description

Recoge: 1. Introduction -- 2. Organisation -- Guiding principles for organising a colorectal cancer screening programme -- 3. Evaluation and interpretation of screening outcomes -- 4. Faecal occult blood testing -- 5. Quality assurance in endoscopy in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis -- 6. Professional requirements and training -- 7. Quality assurance in pathology in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis -- 8. Management of lesions detected in colorectal cancer screening -- 9. Colonoscopic surveillance following adenoma removal --10. Communication -- Appendices.




Fulfilling the Potential of Cancer Prevention and Early Detection


Book Description

Cancer ranks second only to heart disease as a leading cause of death in the United States, making it a tremendous burden in years of life lost, patient suffering, and economic costs. Fulfilling the Potential for Cancer Prevention and Early Detection reviews the proof that we can dramatically reduce cancer rates. The National Cancer Policy Board, part of the Institute of Medicine, outlines a national strategy to realize the promise of cancer prevention and early detection, including specific and wide-ranging recommendations. Offering a wealth of information and directly addressing major controversies, the book includes: A detailed look at how significantly cancer could be reduced through lifestyle changes, evaluating approaches used to alter eating, smoking, and exercise habits. An analysis of the intuitive notion that screening for cancer leads to improved health outcomes, including a discussion of screening methods, potential risks, and current recommendations. An examination of cancer prevention and control opportunities in primary health care delivery settings, including a review of interventions aimed at improving provider performance. Reviews of professional education and training programs, research trends and opportunities, and federal programs that support cancer prevention and early detection. This in-depth volume will be of interest to policy analysts, cancer and public health specialists, health care administrators and providers, researchers, insurers, medical journalists, and patient advocates.