Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the Colonial Period to About 1820. SIXTH EDITION, in Three Volumes. VOLUME II


Book Description

The Sixth Edition is Mr. Heinegg's most ambitious effort yet to reconstruct the history of the free African American communities of Virginia and the Carolinas by looking at the history of their families. Now published in three volumes and nearly 400 pages longer than the Fifth Edition, this work consists of detailed genealogies of 656 free Black families that originated and Virginia and migrated to North and/or South Carolina, from the colonial period to about 1820. The families under study represent nearly all the Africa Americans who were free during the colonial period in Virginia and North Carolina. VOLUME II includes families Driggers to Month.







List of Free African Americans in the American Revolution


Book Description

Over 420 African Americans who were born free during the colonial period served in the American Revolution from Virginia. Another 400 who descended from free-born colonial families served from North Carolina, 40 from South Carolina, 60 from Maryland, and 17 from Delaware. Over 75 free African Americans were in colonial militias and the French and Indian Wars in Virginia and North and South Carolina. (Lest the reader be confused by the plural Wars, all the dynastic wars from the late 1600s through 1763 are collectively referred to as the French and Indians Wars.) Although some slaves fought to gain their freedom as substitutes for their masters, they were relatively few in number; those who were not serving under their own free will are not included in this list. While the information one each of the free black veterans varies, in most cases the author has provided the individual's name, state and county, unit served in, military theatre, some family information, often a physical description, pension applied for or received, sometimes other information, and the source.




Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the Colonial Period to About 1820. SIXTH EDITION in Three Volumes. VOLUME II


Book Description

Now published in three volumes and 400 pages longer than the fifth edition, this work consists of detailed genealogies of hundreds of free Black families, representing nearly all African Americans who were free during the colonial period in Virginia and the Carolinas. It includes 38 additional families not found in the earlier editions, bringing the total to 650 families, and it includes virtually everything available on early free Black families from Virginia and the Carolinas in the public records. The names of more than 13,000 African Americans covered in the genealogies are located in the full-name index at the back of each volume. Mr. Heinegg has researched some 1,000 manuscript sources, including colonial and early national period tax records, colonial parish registers, 1790-1810 census records, wills, deeds, Free Negro Registers, marriage bonds, Revolutionary pension files, newspapers, and more. The author gives copious documentation and an extensive bibliography of primary and secondary sources at the back of each volume. Mr. Heinegg shows that most of these families were the descendants of white servant women who had children by slaves or free African Americans, not the descendants of slave owners. He dispels a number of other myths and demonstrates that many free Black families in colonial Virginia and the Carolinas were landowners.




North Carolina’s Free People of Color, 1715–1885


Book Description

In North Carolina’s Free People of Color, 1715–1885, Warren Eugene Milteer Jr. examines the lives of free persons categorized by their communities as “negroes,” “mulattoes,” “mustees,” “Indians,” “mixed-bloods,” or simply “free people of color.” From the colonial period through Reconstruction, lawmakers passed legislation that curbed the rights and privileges of these non-enslaved residents, from prohibiting their testimony against whites to barring them from the ballot box. While such laws suggest that most white North Carolinians desired to limit the freedoms and civil liberties enjoyed by free people of color, Milteer reveals that the two groups often interacted—praying together, working the same land, and occasionally sharing households and starting families. Some free people of color also rose to prominence in their communities, becoming successful businesspeople and winning the respect of their white neighbors. Milteer’s innovative study moves beyond depictions of the American South as a region controlled by a strict racial hierarchy. He contends that although North Carolinians frequently sorted themselves into races imbued with legal and social entitlements—with whites placing themselves above persons of color—those efforts regularly clashed with their concurrent recognition of class, gender, kinship, and occupational distinctions. Whites often determined the position of free nonwhites by designating them as either valuable or expendable members of society. In early North Carolina, free people of color of certain statuses enjoyed access to institutions unavailable even to some whites. Prior to 1835, for instance, some free men of color possessed the right to vote while the law disenfranchised all women, white and nonwhite included. North Carolina’s Free People of Color, 1715–1885 demonstrates that conceptions of race were complex and fluid, defying easy characterization. Despite the reductive labels often assigned to them by whites, free people of color in the state emerged from an array of backgrounds, lived widely varied lives, and created distinct cultures—all of which, Milteer suggests, allowed them to adjust to and counter ever-evolving forms of racial discrimination.




Free African Americans of Maryland and Delaware. Second Edition


Book Description

In this second edition, Mr. Heinegg has assembled genealogical evidence on 390 Maryland and Delaware Black families (90 more than in the first edition) with copious documentation from the federal censuses of 1790 and 1810 and colonial sources consulted at the Maryland Hall of Records, county archives, and other repositories in Maryland and in Delaware.




Revolutionary Conceptions


Book Description

In the Age of Revolution, how did American women conceive their lives and marital obligations? By examining the attitudes and behaviors surrounding the contentious issues of family, contraception, abortion, sexuality, beauty, and identity, Susan E. Klepp demonstrates that many women--rural and urban, free and enslaved--began to radically redefine motherhood. They asserted, or attempted to assert, control over their bodies, their marriages, and their daughters' opportunities. Late-eighteenth-century American women were among the first in the world to disavow the continual childbearing and large families that had long been considered ideal. Liberty, equality, and heartfelt religion led to new conceptions of virtuous, rational womanhood and responsible parenthood. These changes can be seen in falling birthrates, in advice to friends and kin, in portraits, and in a gradual, even reluctant, shift in men's opinions. Revolutionary-era women redefined femininity, fertility, family, and their futures by limiting births. Women might not have won the vote in the new Republic, they might not have gained formal rights in other spheres, but, Klepp argues, there was a women's revolution nonetheless.




Slavery and the University


Book Description

Slavery and the University is the first edited collection of scholarly essays devoted solely to the histories and legacies of this subject on North American campuses and in their Atlantic contexts. Gathering together contributions from scholars, activists, and administrators, the volume combines two broad bodies of work: (1) historically based interdisciplinary research on the presence of slavery at higher education institutions in terms of the development of proslavery and antislavery thought and the use of slave labor; and (2) analysis on the ways in which the legacies of slavery in institutions of higher education continued in the post-Civil War era to the present day. The collection features broadly themed essays on issues of religion, economy, and the regional slave trade of the Caribbean. It also includes case studies of slavery's influence on specific institutions, such as Princeton University, Harvard University, Oberlin College, Emory University, and the University of Alabama. Though the roots of Slavery and the University stem from a 2011 conference at Emory University, the collection extends outward to incorporate recent findings. As such, it offers a roadmap to one of the most exciting developments in the field of U.S. slavery studies and to ways of thinking about racial diversity in the history and current practices of higher education.




Free African Americans of North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina from the Colonial Period to About 1820. SIXTH EDITION in Three Volumes. VOLUME III


Book Description

Now published in three volumes and 400 pages longer than the fifth edition, this work consists of detailed genealogies of hundreds of free Black families, representing nearly all African Americans who were free during the colonial period in Virginia and the Carolinas. It incudes 38 additional families not found in the earlier editions, bringing the total to 650 families, and it includes virtually everything available on early free Black families from Virginia and the Carolinas in the public records. The names of more than 13,000 African Americans covered in the genealogies are located in the full-name index at the back of each volume. Mr. Heinegg has researched some 1,000 manuscript sources, including colonial and early national period tax records, colonial registers, 1790-1810 census records, wills, deeds, Free Negro Registers, marriage bonds, Revolutionary pension files, newspapers, and more. The author gives copious documentation and an extensive bibliography of primary and secondary sources at the back of each volume. Mr. Heinegg shows that most of these families were the descendants of white servant women who had children by slaves or free African Americans, not the descendants of slave owners. He dispels a number of other myths and demonstrates that many free Black families in colonial Virginia and the Carolinas were landowners.