German Foreign Policy from Bismarck to Adenauer


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First Published in 1989. Tackling the problem of Germany's role in the history of world politics in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is one of the most interesting tasks of historiography. Furthermore, the relationship between Britain and Germany is of central significance in understanding this role.







From Bismarck to Adenauer


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Osthandel and Ostpolitik


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Eclipsed by the scope of the Atlantic economy, obscured by Anglo-German rivalry, and nearly destroyed by the post-1945 division of Europe, the flow of goods across East Central Europe has been, nonetheless, an immensely significant pattern of European economic exchange. For Germany, the Osthandel (Eastern trade) was both a blessing and a curse; its bounty provided much of the raw material for the rise of German economic and political power in Europe, while its lure tantalized German ambitions to the point of madness. Despite the enduring importance of this commerce, no monograph has yet made this pattern of trade the centerpiece of its treatment of German-East European relations. This study puts this important pattern of German-East European trade into the center of discussion and views an extended period of German foreign policy toward Eastern Europe through this lens.




Bismarck's Institutions


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The decline in birth rates in advanced economies is not a new phenomenon. Between 1880 and 1900 birth rates dropped from 5.5 children per woman to 2.5 children per woman. A further decline from 2.5 to 1.5 or even 1.3 children took much longer - about 80 years. One of the most apparent causes is, however, widely ignored. Beatrice Scheubel tries to fill this gap. According to the so-called Social Security Hypothesis, insurance against the risks of life (i.e. poverty for all sorts of reasons, in particular, age) by the state crowds out all types of private insurance. One of the (vast) different possibilities to privately insure oneself against poverty is having children. That is why it should not be surprising to witness falling birth rates given the sheer magnitude of the welfare state. In this book, Beatrice Scheubel analyses the effects of the first comprehensive system of social security, which was introduced between 1883 and 1891 in Germany.




German Foreign Policy from Bismarck to Adenauer


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These studies of the history of international politics in the 19th and 20th centuries offer an interpretation of the relationship between statesmanship and state systems by a leading German historian. The book is divided chronologically to cover the European order between the unification of Germany and World War I, the revolution in international order before and during World War II and the Federal Republic of Germany and its policies towards the West and the East in the 1960s. It explores the possibilities and dangers inherent in the decisions and conduct of statesmen which crucially affect the life of states and nations as well as of societies and individuals.




From Bismarck to Adenauer, Aspects of German Statecraft (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from From Bismarck to Adenauer, Aspects of German Statecraft W H E N President Woodrow Wilson went to the Peace Conference in 1919, he was given a copy of a study of the Congress of Vienna, prepared specially for the Paris meet ings by the English historian C. K. Webster. Mr. Wilson refused to read it, on the grounds that neither he nor anyone else dealing with the revolutionary problems created by the First World War had anything to learn from the diplomacy of the previous century. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.







Special Bibliography


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Special Bibliographic Series


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