Chapter 1-Introduction to Fuel Microbiology


Book Description

UNCONTROLLED MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION in fuels and fuel systems causes biodeterioration problems that translate into substantial economic loss. Biodeterioration's adverse economic effects constitute one cost of quality category. Microbial contamination problems are sometimes difficult to diagnose, and require the expertise of a microbiologist experienced in biodeterioration. Often, however, well informed stakeholders can recognize microbial contamination and take effective action to control it. Consequently, if all personnel involved with fuel and fuel system stewardship have a general understanding of fuel microbiology, they will be better prepared to reduce the costs of quality caused by biodeterioration. This chapter provides an overview of microbiology fundamentals pertinent to understanding fuel and fuel system biodeterioration. It opens with an explanation of the microorganisms likely to inhabit fuel systems, and then reviews their primary activities. The next section explains how air, water-content, temperature and other key variables affect biological activity. The final section provides an overview of fuel system microbial ecology.




Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems


Book Description

"This guide provides personnel who have a limited microbiological background with an understanding of the symptoms, occurance, and consequences of chronic microbial contamination. The guide also suggests means for detection and control of microbial contamination in fuels and fuel systems. This guide applies primarily to gasoline, aviation, boiler, industrial gas turbine, diesel, marine, furnace fuels and blend stocks (see Specifications D396, D910, D975, D1655, D2069, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6227, and D6751), and fuel systems. However, the principles discussed herein also apply generally to crude oil and all liquid petroleum fuels. ASTM Manual 47 provides a more detailed treatment of the concepts introducted in this guide; it also provides a compilation of all of the standards referenced herein that are not found in the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section Five on Petroleum Products and Lubricants. This guide is not a compilation of all the concepts and terminology used by microbiologists, but it does provide a general understanding of microbial fuel contamination." -- scope




Corrosion in Systems for Storage and Transportation of Petroleum Products and Biofuels


Book Description

This book treats corrosion as it occurs and affects processes in real-world situations, and thus points the way to practical solutions. Topics described include the conditions in which petroleum products are corrosive to metals; corrosion mechanisms of petroleum products; which parts of storage tanks containing crude oils and petroleum products undergo corrosion; dependence of corrosion in tanks on type of petroleum products; aggressiveness of petroleum products to polymeric material; how microorganisms take part in corrosion of tanks and pipes containing petroleum products; which corrosion monitoring methods are used in systems for storage and transportation of petroleum products; what corrosion control measures should be chosen; how to choose coatings for inner and outer surfaces of tanks containing petroleum products; and how different additives (oxygenates, aromatic solvents) to petroleum products and biofuels influence metallic and polymeric materials. The book is of interest to corrosion engineers, materials engineers, oil and gas engineers, petroleum engineers, chemists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, failure analysts, scientists, and students, designers of tanks, pipelines and other systems for storage and transportation fuels, technicians. The book is of interest to corrosion engineers, materials engineers, oil and gas engineers, petroleum engineers, chemists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, failure analysts, scientists, and students, designers of tanks, pipelines and other systems for storage and transportation fuels, technicians. The book is of interest to corrosion engineers, materials engineers, oil and gas engineers, petroleum engineers, chemists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, failure analysts, scientists, and students, designers of tanks, pipelines and other systems for storage and transportation fuels, technicians.




Microbial Bioinformatics in the Oil and Gas Industry


Book Description

This book brings together contributions from leading scientists, academics, and experts from the oil and gas industry to discuss microbial-related problems faced by the industry and how bioinformatics and an interdisciplinary scientific approach can address these challenges. Microbial Bioinformatics in the Oil and Gas Industry: Applications to Reservoirs and Processes presents the major industrial problems caused by microbes (e.g., souring, biocorrosion) as well as the beneficial activities (e.g., biofuels, bioremediation). FEATURES Offers a detailed description of how bioinformatics has advanced our understanding of numerous issues in the oil and gas industry Covers cases from geographically diverse oil fields, laboratories, and research groups Contains fundamentals and applied information of relevance to the oil and gas sector Presents contributions from a team of international experts across industry and academia With its cross-disciplinary approach, this comprehensive book provides microbial ecologists, molecular biologists, operators, engineers, chemists, and academics involved in the sector with an improved understanding of the significance of microbial bioinformatics applications in the oil and gas industry.




Corrosion Science: Modern Trends and Applications


Book Description

The advent of Industry 4.0 has opened a data-rich avenue of predicting and controlling premature degradation of industrial materials. For any industrial construction or manufacturing projects, performing analysis on the structural integrity of materials is crucial for their sustainability. Corrosion Science: Modern Trends and Applications gives scholars a snapshot of recent contributions and development in the field of material corrosion. The book presents 12 chapters that cover topics such as corrosion testing methods, anti-corrosive coating mechanisms, corrosion in different types of products (electronics, polymers), industrial systems (power plants, concrete constructions, and hydraulic systems), and corrosion as a result of environmental characteristics (such as marine surroundings). The breadth of topics covered coupled with the reader-friendly presentation of the book make it highly beneficial for students, research scholars, faculty members, and R&D specialists working in the area of corrosion science, material science, solid-state science, chemical engineering, and nanotechnology. Readers will be equipped with the knowledge to understand and plan industrial processes that involve measuring the reliability and integrity of material structures which are impacted by corrosive factors.




Practical Atlas for Bacterial Identification


Book Description

Published nearly ten years ago, the first edition of Practical Atlas for Bacterial Identification broke new ground with the wealth of detail and breadth of information it provided. The second edition is poised to do the same. Differing fundamentally from the first edition, this book begins by introducing the concept of bacteria community intelligen




ASTM Standardization News


Book Description