Next Steps for Functional Genomics


Book Description

One of the holy grails in biology is the ability to predict functional characteristics from an organism's genetic sequence. Despite decades of research since the first sequencing of an organism in 1995, scientists still do not understand exactly how the information in genes is converted into an organism's phenotype, its physical characteristics. Functional genomics attempts to make use of the vast wealth of data from "-omics" screens and projects to describe gene and protein functions and interactions. A February 2020 workshop was held to determine research needs to advance the field of functional genomics over the next 10-20 years. Speakers and participants discussed goals, strategies, and technical needs to allow functional genomics to contribute to the advancement of basic knowledge and its applications that would benefit society. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.




The Physiological Genomics of the Critically Ill Mouse


Book Description

The physiological genomics of the cardiovascular system studies the relationship between gene and physiological (dys)function. It is a rapidly developing area of research and distinguishes itself from other areas of molecular medicine by its highly integrative nature. In this multi disciplinarian area of the physiological sciences, there is interaction between gene structure and physiological cardiovascular function as well as interactions between the different organs and their physiological compartments. The mouse has played a central role in the study of genomics due to the detailed knowledge of the mouse genome and the wide availability of genetically modified mice. In the past, the mouse had mainly been used in the area of immunology and molecular biology, and physiological interest in the mouse was scarce. As more insight has come into the structural genomics of the mouse, however, it has become increasingly important to understand the relation between gene and physiological function. With this in mind we have been organizing the Amsterdam Mouse Symposia to bring together different disciplines interested in the molecular basis of cardiovascular function (see J. of Clinical and Exp. Pharmacology and rd Physiology (2002) 29:A69-AI02 for the proceedings of the 3 Amsterdam Mouse Symposium and Basic Research in Cardiology (2000) 95:492-535 for nd the proceedings of the 2 symposium).




Microbial Status and Genetic Evaluation of Mice and Rats


Book Description

US/Japan meetings on laboratory animal science have been held virtually every year since 1980 under the US/Japan Cooperative Program on Science and Technology. Over the years these meetings have resulted in a number of important documents including the Manual of Microbiologic Monitoring of Laboratory Animals published in 1994 and the article Establishment and Preservation of Reference Inbred Strains of Rats for General Purposes. In addition to these publications, the meetings have been instrumental in increasing awareness of the need for microbiologic monitoring of laboratory rodents and the need for genetic definition and monitoring of mice and rats. In cooperation with the Comparative Medicine section of NCRR/NIH, the ILAR Council and staff are pleased to become the host for this important annual meeting and look forward to participating in future meetings. The support and sponsorship of NCRR (P40 RR 11611) in the United States and the Central Institute for Experimental Animals in Japan are gratefully acknowledged. Bringing together the leading scientists in the field of laboratory animal care has resulted in increased understanding of American and Japanese approaches to laboratory animal science and should continue to strengthen efforts to harmonize approaches aimed at resolving common challenges in the use of animal models for biomedical research and testing. This effort to improve understanding and cooperation between Japan and the United States should also be useful in developing similar interaction with other regions of the world including Europe, Australia, and Southeast Asia.







Mouse Genetics After the Mouse Genome


Book Description

The house mouse holds a unique place among model organisms, representing an indispensable tool for many investigators, particularly in biomedical research. Mouse genetics encompasses nearly 100 years of research and culminated in the publication of the mouse genome sequence in 2002, from which the idea for this special issue arose. The issue features 37 peer-reviewed papers providing a wide-ranging overview of all major aspects of mouse genetics, from nuclear transfer and embryonic development to cancer, from reproduction to speciation and functional genomics technologies. Its aim is to present a suitable tool of investigation for the large population of researchers that use the mouse as a model animal. Covering a variety of topics, this publication will be a useful guide for scientists working in the fields of reproduction, development, evolution, cancer, toxicology, and cell biology as well as for beginners entering the world of mouse genetics.




Next Steps for Functional Genomics


Book Description

One of the holy grails in biology is the ability to predict functional characteristics from an organism's genetic sequence. Despite decades of research since the first sequencing of an organism in 1995, scientists still do not understand exactly how the information in genes is converted into an organism's phenotype, its physical characteristics. Functional genomics attempts to make use of the vast wealth of data from "-omics" screens and projects to describe gene and protein functions and interactions. A February 2020 workshop was held to determine research needs to advance the field of functional genomics over the next 10-20 years. Speakers and participants discussed goals, strategies, and technical needs to allow functional genomics to contribute to the advancement of basic knowledge and its applications that would benefit society. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.




Gene Expression Profiling and Gene Regulation for Functional Genomics in Mouse Models


Book Description

Mammalian genes have multiple functions in time and space during embryogenesis, aging, and in health and disease. This phenomenon of pleiotropic gene function is a major factor contributing to the increase of complexity from the mere number of approximately 25.000 protein-coding genes in the mammalian genome to the level of the organism. When and where a gene is expressed is an integral part of gene function. The profiling of gene expression and the study of gene regulation are therefore intriguing scientific objects of current biology. For a systems level approach to measure changes in transcript profiles in mouse models for human diseases we used microarray technologies and analysed transcriptome data from more than 1.100 DNA-chip experiments and 46 mutant mouse lines. Novel gene functions were revealed through the integration of multiple level data, including transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome in several mouse models.




Guide to Techniques in Mouse Development


Book Description

17 years have passed since the first edition of the Guide to Techniques in Mouse Development (volume 225) was published. During this time development of technology used to investigate mouse development has not stood still, with enormous advances occuring in genomics, transgenic and ES cell methodology, and reprogramming, culminating with development of iPS cells. At both the cellular and molecular levels, a great many technological advances have been made that permit investigators to probe ever more deeply into all aspects of mouse development. This completely new version of the Guide has been split into two parts, both highlighting the techonological advances used to study mouse development.