A History of the European Restorations


Book Description

Europe's Restorations were characterised by their evolving dialectics. The chapters in this first volume address the key questions and controversies of Napoleonic history from a national and international perspective. From the re-ordering of the European world through the tools of intervention, occupation and diplomacy, to the creation of new constitutional monarchies across France, Scandinavia and Germany the volume outlines the processes that realigned national priorities and the accompanying dynamics of social and political identity. In a structure that makes sense of what Luigi Mascilli Migliorini describes as the 'fiendishly complex' process of reconstructing order in post-Napoleonic Europe, this collection of essays brings together experts in the field to set a new precedent for transnational research frameworks in the study of the European Restorations.




The Failure of a Liberal Colonial Policy


Book Description

The reaspns why the period following the English interregnum in the Netherlands Indies and preceding the establishment of the Compulsory Cultivation system has been chosen as the sub ject of this thesis are the following: 1. Until recently this period, which is of the greatest importance if one desires to know why the Compulsory Cultivation system was introduced, has been rather neglected and treated according to preconceived ideas. Because of that, a wrong interpretation has been given to the attempts to establish a liberal colonial policy. In the light of new evidence, we hope to arrive at a more correct evaluation of the principles, which governed Dutch colo nial policy during that period. 2. By studying this period and especially the attempts to align the colonial policy with the new principles of liberalism, we hope to find some general principles which may be of value for a better understanding of the problems which confront the Dutch at present in the Indies. Regardless of the intrinsic value of the new liberal principles in colonial policy, it can be easily understood that their success or failure depended very much on a correct evaluation of the impact which previous policies had had on the Indonesian society.




Republicans


Book Description

The notion of being freeborn republicans bound the eighteenth-century Dutch together and constituted a significant part of their sense of national identity. Yet beneath this general label, many fundamental differences existed. Republicanism could stand for anti-monarchism, but it could also be a moral doctrine emphasizing the importance of the exercise of virtue, or refer to a certain way of life. During the revolutionary years of the late eighteenth century, it came to mean the permanent and active sovereignty of the people. This book explores the many varieties of eighteenth-century Dutch republicanism from a number of different methodological perspectives. It thereby significantly contributes to our understanding of a crucial period in the development of Dutch political thought.







Annual Report


Book Description




Een leven in de West


Book Description

Bij het herstel van het Nederlandse gezag over de kolonie Curaçao in 1816, kwam een nieuw garnizoen van meer dan 350 militairen uit Europa op Curaçao aan. Een van de officieren was de twintigjarige kapitein R.F. van Raders. Bijna dertig jaar lang bleef hij werkzaam op het eiland: eerst als garnizoensofficier, daarna als adjudant van de gouverneur en vervolgens als garnizoenscommandant. De laatste negen jaren van zijn verblijf op Curaçao (1836-1845) bekleedde Van Raders de hoogste bestuurlijke functie, die van gezaghebber. Economisch gezien vormde de periode 1816-1845 een moeilijke tijd voor de kolonie. Op Curaçao kon de oude overslaghandel zijn vroegere bloei niet herwinnen. Van raders legde bij zijn aantreden als gezaghebber aan de minister van Koloniën een welvaartsplan voor. Curaçao zou voortaan met eigen agrarische exportproducten de scheepvaart gaan bevorderen. Met groot enthousiasme probeerde Van Raders de teelt van nieuwe producten ingang te doen vinden. Hoewel tegenslagen en tegenwerking de uitvoering van zijn plannen van meet a aan vergezelden, bleef de gezaghebber overtuigd van de juistheid van zijn inzichten. Tot dusver onderbelichte onderwerpen in de West-Indische geschiedschrijving komen in Een leven in de West; Van Raders en zijn werkzaamheden op Curaçao aan bod. Voor het eerst wordt het leven en de maatschappelijke positie van garnizoensmilitairen op Curaçao beschreven. Wim Renkema heeft diepgaand onderzoek verricht in overheidsarchieven, wat geleid heeft tot nieuwe vondsten, bijvoorbeeld over de wijze waarop Van Raders het streven naar gelijkberechtiging van de rooms-katholieke bevolkingsgroep steunde. Eerst waren er niet meer dan algemeenheden over Van Raders bekend, maar nu is zijn carrière voor het eerst uitgebreid onderzocht. Voor iedereen die geïnteresseerd is in de geschiedenis van de Caraïben en in het bijzonder Curaçao is Een leven in de West een aanrader.







The Netherlands and the United States


Book Description

"It is perhaps the most laborious and difficult part of the duties of the State Department to hold at once the threads of our different relations with all the European powers." This reflection was made by John Quincy Adams while he was Secretary of State 1), but it applies to the duties of every Minister of Foreign Mfairs. The stress of the sentence is in the centre: "at once", writes Adams; the threads come together in his hand at the same time; in order to preserve the system of his foreign policy he must hold them all in one grasp. That he is occupied with one power is no reason for neglecting the others. To put it more strongly: the threads are twisted; when one is pulled it must needs affect the others as well. Often, beyond his reach, a knot unites several threads in mutual dependence and they cannot be untied or handled separately. Foreign policy is not a single line of action. It means the di rection of a whole system of connections along many and different trails. The system may have one general trend but each con nection must follow a separate path. Such being the nature of diplomacy and foreign politics, it is not for the science of history to treat them otherwise.