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Genetic Engineering

Author : Dana M. Santos

Publisher : CRC Press

Page : 337 pages

File Size : 21,71 MB

Release : 2011-04-15

Category : Medical

ISBN : 1926692675

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Book Description

A common tool in both research and agriculture, genetic engineering involves the direct manipulation of genes. Today’s areas of medical research include genetic engineering to produce vaccines against disease, pharmaceutical development, and the treatment of disease. In agriculture, genetic engineering is used to modify crops and domestic animals to increase their yields, aid in production, and enhance nutritive aspects. This important book covers new research and studies in genetic engineering in the areas of medicine and agriculture.



Genetically Engineered Crops

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 607 pages

File Size : 31,36 MB

Release : 2017-01-28

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309437385

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Book Description

Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.



Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 254 pages

File Size : 22,73 MB

Release : 2004-07-08

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309166152

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Book Description

Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.



New Directions for Biosciences Research in Agriculture

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 136 pages

File Size : 15,23 MB

Release : 1985-01-01

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0309035422

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Book Description

Authored by an integrated committee of plant and animal scientists, this review of newer molecular genetic techniques and traditional research methods is presented as a compilation of high-reward opportunities for agricultural research. Directed to the Agricultural Research Service and the agricultural research community at large, the volume discusses biosciences research in genetic engineering, animal science, plant science, and plant diseases and insect pests. An optimal climate for productive research is discussed.



Genetic Engineering Techniques: Recent Developments

Author : P.C. Huang

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 375 pages

File Size : 20,69 MB

Release : 2012-12-02

Category : Science

ISBN : 0323153577

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Book Description

Genetic Engineering Techniques: Recent Developments covers the proceedings of the 1982 Genetic Engineering Techniques symposium held in Taipei. The book is organized into 21 chapters that discuss the application of recombination DNA methods in the study of DNA structure and DNA-protein interactions; the use of chemically synthesized genes in cloning; and gene expression. After briefly presenting the major strategies underlying genetic engineering technology and rapid method for sequencing DNA, the book examines the reaction mechanism of a multifunctional Type I enzyme and the organization and expression of the human adenovirus. The second section describes several approaches in analyzing transcriptional processes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. This section also deals with cloning vectors and procedures of cDNA. The subsequent section describes a molecular approach to functional analysis of the influenza virus surface hemagglutinin; the transposition specificity for the transposons 3 and 4 elements; and the biological properties of human T-cell growth factor gene. The fourth section discusses the principles of hybridoma technology and its numerous applications to biological research. The remaining chapters of the book present laboratory courses designed to familiarize researchers with the principles and basic procedures in biological experiments. Genetic engineering researchers, agriculturists, and geneticists will find this book invaluable.



Genetic Engineering of Plants

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 97 pages

File Size : 29,40 MB

Release : 1984-02-01

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309034345

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Book Description

"The book...is, in fact, a short text on the many practical problems...associated with translating the explosion in basic biotechnological research into the next Green Revolution," explains Economic Botany. The book is "a concise and accurate narrative, that also manages to be interesting and personal...a splendid little book." Biotechnology states, "Because of the clarity with which it is written, this thin volume makes a major contribution to improving public understanding of genetic engineering's potential for enlarging the world's food supply...and can be profitably read by practically anyone interested in application of molecular biology to improvement of productivity in agriculture."



Genetic Engineering of Horticultural Crops

Author : Gyana Ranjan Rout

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 468 pages

File Size : 46,50 MB

Release : 2018-01-08

Category : Science

ISBN : 0128104406

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Book Description

Genetic Engineering of Horticultural Crops provides key insights into commercialized crops, their improved productivity, disease and pest resistance, and enhanced nutritional or medicinal benefits. It includes insights into key technologies, such as marker traits identification and genetic traits transfer for increased productivity, examining the latest transgenic advances in a variety of crops and providing foundational information that can be applied to new areas of study. As modern biotechnology has helped to increase crop productivity by introducing novel gene(s) with high quality disease resistance and increased drought tolerance, this is an ideal resource for researchers and industry professionals. - Provides examples of current technologies and methodologies, addressing abiotic and biotic stresses, pest resistance and yield improvement - Presents protocols on plant genetic engineering in a variety of wide-use crops - Includes biosafety rule regulation of genetically modified crops in the USA and third world countries



Heritable Human Genome Editing

Author : The Royal Society

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 239 pages

File Size : 15,40 MB

Release : 2021-01-16

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309671132

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Book Description

Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.



Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 189 pages

File Size : 38,34 MB

Release : 2019-01-05

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0309465184

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Book Description

Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.



Hacking Darwin

Author : Jamie Metzl

Publisher : Sourcebooks, Inc.

Page : 253 pages

File Size : 10,37 MB

Release : 2019-04-23

Category : Science

ISBN : 1492670103

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Book Description

"A gifted and thoughtful writer, Metzl brings us to the frontiers of biology and technology, and reveals a world full of promise and peril." — Siddhartha Mukherjee MD, New York Times bestselling author of The Emperor of All Maladies and The Gene A groundbreaking exploration of genetic engineering and its impact on the future of our species from leading geopolitical expert and technology futurist, Jamie Metzl. At the dawn of the genetics revolution, our DNA is becoming as readable, writable, and hackable as our information technology. But as humanity starts retooling our own genetic code, the choices we make today will be the difference between realizing breathtaking advances in human well-being and descending into a dangerous and potentially deadly genetic arms race. Enter the laboratories where scientists are turning science fiction into reality. In this captivating and thought-provoking nonfiction science book, Jamie Metzl delves into the ethical, scientific, political, and technological dimensions of genetic engineering, and shares how it will shape the course of human evolution. Cutting-edge insights into the field of genetic engineering and its implications for humanity's future Explores the transformative power of genetic technologies and their potential to reshape human life Examines the ethical considerations surrounding genetic engineering and the choices we face as a species Engaging narrative that delves into the scientific breakthroughs and real-world applications of genetic technologies Provides a balanced perspective on the promises and risks associated with genetic engineering Raises thought-provoking questions about the future of reproduction, human health, and our relationship with nature Drawing on his extensive background in genetics, national security, and foreign policy, Metzl paints a vivid picture of a world where advancements in technology empower us to take control of our own evolution, but also cautions against the pitfalls and ethical dilemmas that could arise if not properly managed. Hacking Darwin is a must-read for anyone interested in the intersection of science, technology, and humanity's future.