› › Hierarchical Genome And Differentiation Waves The Novel Unification Of Development Genetics And Evolution In 2 Volumes

Hierarchical Genome And Differentiation Waves, The: Novel Unification Of Development, Genetics And Evolution (In 2 Volumes)

Author : Richard Gordon

Publisher : World Scientific

Page : 1930 pages

File Size : 34,39 MB

Release : 1999-07-12

Category : Science

ISBN : 9814500399

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Book Description

Over the past few decades numerous scientists have called for a unification of the fields of embryo development, genetics, and evolution. Each field has glaring holes in its ability to explain the fundamental phenomena of life. In this book, the author shows how the phenomenon of cell differentiation, considered in its temporal and spatial aspects during embryogenesis, provides a starting point for a unified theory of multicellular organisms (plants, fungi and animals), including their evolution and genetics. This unification is based on the recent discovery of differentiation waves by the author and his colleagues, described in the appendices, and illustrated by a flip movie prepared by a medical artist. To help the reader through the many fields covered, a glossary is included.This book will be of great value to the researcher and practicing doctors/scientists alike. The research students will receive an in-depth tutorial on the topics covered. The seasoned researcher will appreciate the applications and the gold mine of other possibilities for novel research topics.



Biased Embryos and Evolution

Author : Wallace Arthur

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 252 pages

File Size : 19,75 MB

Release : 2004-05-27

Category : Medical

ISBN : 9780521541619

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Book Description

What determines the direction of evolutionary change? This book provides a revolutionary answer to this question. Many biologists, from Darwin's day to our own, have been satisfied with the answer 'natural selection'. Professor Wallace Arthur is not. He takes the controversial view that biases in the ways that embryos can be altered are just as important as natural selection in determining the directions that evolution has taken, including the one that led to the origin of humans. This argument forms the core of the book. However, in addition, the book summarizes other important issues relating to how embryonic (and post-embryonic) development evolves. Written in an easy, conversational style, this is the first book for students and the general reader that provides an account of the exciting new field of Evolutionary Developmental Biology ('Evo-Devo' to its proponents).



Pathways to the Origin and Evolution of Meanings in the Universe

Author : Alexei A. Sharov

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 516 pages

File Size : 44,90 MB

Release : 2024-04-02

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119865093

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Book Description

Pathways to the Origin and Evolition of Meanings in the Universe The book explains why meaning is a part of the universe populated by life, and how organisms generate meanings and then use them for creative transformation of the environment and themselves. This book focuses on interdisciplinary research at the intersection of biology, semiotics, philosophy, ethology, information theory, and the theory of evolution. Such a broad approach provides a rich context for the study of organisms and other semiotic agents in their environments. This methodology can be applied to robotics and artificial intelligence for developing robust, adaptable learning devices. In this book, leading interdisciplinary scholars reveal their vision on how to integrate natural sciences with semiotics, a theory of meaning-making and signification. Developments in biology indicate that the capacity to create and understand signs is not limited to humans or vertebrate animals, but exists in all living organisms - the fact that inspired the integration of biology and semiotics into biosemiotics. The authors discuss the nature of semiotic agents (organisms and other autonomous goal-directed units), meaning, signs, information, memory, evolution, and consciousness. Also discussed are issues including the origin of life, potential meaning and its actualization, top-down causality in physics and biology, capacity of organisms to encode their functions, the strategy of organisms to combine homeostasis with direct adaptation to new life-cycle phases or new environments, multi-level memory systems, increase of freedom via enabling constraints, creative modeling in evolution and learning, communication in animals and humans, the origin and function of language, and the distribution and transfer of life in space. This is the first book on biosemiotics in its global conceptual and spatial scope. Biosemiotics is presented using the language of natural sciences, which supports the scientific grounding of semiotic terms. Finally, the cosmic dimension of life and meaning-making leads to a reconsideration of ethical principles and ecological mentality here on earth and in space exploration. Audience Theoretical biologists, ethologists, astrobiologists, ecologists, evolutionary biologists, philosophers, phenomenologists, semioticians, biosemioticians, molecular biologists, linguists, system scientists and engineers.



The Mathematical Biology of Diatoms

Author : Janice L. Pappas

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 484 pages

File Size : 45,50 MB

Release : 2023-05-31

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119750431

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Book Description

THE MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY OF DIATOMS This book contains unique, advanced applications using mathematics, algorithmic techniques, geometric analysis, and other computational methods in diatom research. Historically, diatom research has centered on taxonomy and systematics. While these topics are of the utmost importance, other aspects of this important group of unicells have been increasingly explored in the biological sciences. While mathematical applications are still rare, they are starting take hold and provide an extensive avenue of new diatom research, including applications in multidisciplinary fields. The work contained in this volume is an eclectic mix of analytical studies on diatoms. Mathematical treatment of the various biological disciplines covered in this book range from implicit, but succinct studies to more elaborate detailed computational studies. Topics include growth models, nanostructure, nanoengineering, cell growth, araphid diatoms, valve ontogeny, diatom metabolism, diatom motility, synchronization, diatom kinematics, photonics, biogenic sensors, photochemistry, diatom light response, colony growth, siliceous unicells, algal kinetics, diatom structure, diatom imaging, functional morphology, geometric structure, biomineralization, high-resolution imaging, non-destructive imaging, and 3D structure. This wide-ranging volume provides an introductory as well as an advanced treatment of recent interests in diatom research. The mathematical research in this volume may be applicable to studies of other unicells, biomechanics, biological processes, physio-chemical analyses, or nanoscience.



Origin of Life via Archaea

Author : Richard Gordon

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 1268 pages

File Size : 13,8 MB

Release : 2024-10-01

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119901022

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Book Description

This book surveys the models for the origin of life and presents a new model starting with shaped droplets and ending with life as polygonal Archaea; it collects the most published micrographs of Archaea (discovered only in 1977), which support this conclusion, and thus provides the first visual survey of Archaea. Origin of Life via Archaea’s purpose is to add a new hypothesis on what are called “shaped droplets”, as the starting point, for flat, polygonal Archaea, supporting the Vesicles First hypothesis. The book contains over 6000 distinct references and micrographs of 440 extant species of Archaea, 41% of which exhibit polygonal phenotypes. It surveys the intellectual battleground of the many ideas of the origin of life on earth, chemical equilibrium, autocatalysis, and biotic polymers. This book contains 17 chapters, some coauthored, on a wide range of topics on the origin of life, including Archaea’s origin, patterns, and species. It shows how various aspects of the origin of life may have occurred at chemical equilibrium, not requiring an energy source, contrary to the general assumption. For the reader’s value, its compendium of Archaea micrographs might also serve many other interesting questions about Archaea. One chapter presents a theory for the shape of flat, polygonal Archaea in terms of the energetics at the surface, edges and corners of the S-layer. Another shows how membrane peptides may have originated. The book also includes a large table of most extant Archaea, that is searchable in the electronic version. It ends with a chapter on problems needing further research. Audience This book will be used by astrobiologists, origin of life biologists, physicists of small systems, geologists, biochemists, theoretical and vesicle chemists.



Diatom Morphogenesis

Author : Joseph Seckbach

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 448 pages

File Size : 31,99 MB

Release : 2021-10-26

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119488192

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Book Description

DIATOM MORPHOGENESIS A unique book presenting the range of silica structures formed by diatoms, theories and hypotheses of how they are made, and applications to nanotechnology by use or imitation of diatom morphogenesis. There are up to 200,000 species of diatoms, each species of these algal cells bearing an ornate, amorphous silica glass shell. The silica is structured at 7 orders of magnitude size range and is thus the most complex multiscalar solid structure known. Recent research is beginning to unravel how a single cell marshals chemical, physical, biochemical, genetic, and cytoskeletal processes to produce these single-cell marvels. The field of diatom nanotechnology is advancing as this understanding matures. Diatoms have been actively studied over the recent 10-20 years with various modern equipment, experimental and computer simulation approaches, including molecular biology, fluorescence-based methods, electron, confocal, and AFM microscopy. This has resulted in a huge amount of information but the key stages of their silica morphogenesis are still not clear. This is the time to reconsider and consolidate the work performed so far and to understand how we can go ahead. The main objective of this book is to describe the actual situation in the science of diatom morphogenesis, to specify the most important unresolved questions, and to present the corresponding hypotheses. The following areas are discussed: A tutorial chapter, with a glossary for newcomers to the field, who are often from outside of biology, let alone phycology; Diatom Morphogenesis: general issues, including symmetry and size issues; Diatom Morphogenesis: simulation, including analytical and numerical methods for description of the diatom valve shape and pore structure; Diatom Morphogenesis: physiology, biochemistry, and applications, including the relationship between taxonomy and physiology, biosilicification hypotheses, and ideas about applications of diatoms. Audience Researchers, scientists, and graduate students in the fields of phycology, general biology, marine sciences, the chemistry of silica, materials science, and ecology.







Contributions in Phycology

Author : A. K. S. K. Prasad

Publisher :

Page : 584 pages

File Size : 17,65 MB

Release : 1996

Category : Science

ISBN :

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Book Description

Nomenclature Silva, P.C.: Stability versus rigidity in botanical nomenclature 1 Species Concepts Lewin, R.A. & W.A. Newman: Species concepts: a conciliatory note 9 Cyanophyta/Cyanobacteria Schopf, J.W.: Cyanobacteria: Pioneers of the early Earth 13 Castenholz, R.W.: Endemism and biodiversity of thermophilic Cyanobacteria 33 Komarek, J., G. Montejano, M. Gold-Morgan & R. Tavera: Taxonomic identity and distribution of tropical cyanoprokaryotes (Cyanophyta, Cyanobacteria): An example from central Mexico 49 Reeves, R.H.: 16S ribosomal RNA and the molecular phylogeny of the Cyanobacteria 55 Hindak, F.: Cyanophytes colonizing mucilage of chroococcal water blooms 69 Al-Thukair, A. A. & S. Golubic: Characterization of Hyella caespitosa var. arbuscula var. nov. (Cyanophyta, Cyanobacteria) from shoaling ooid sand grains, Arabian Gulf 83 Gektidis, M. & S. Golubic: A new endolithic cyanophyte/cyanobacterium: Hyella vacans sp. nov. from Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas 93 Meyer, R.: The rediscovery of Phormidium treleasei Gomont 101 Rosowski, J.R., I. Bielik & K.W. Lee: Origin of the trichomes and mucilaginous sheath of a Microcoleus sp. (Cyanophyta) 105 Rhodophyta Brodie, J. & J.N. Norris: Life histories and morphology of some Liagora species (Liagoraceae, Rhodophyta) from the Florida Keys, USA 121 Vijayaraghavan, M.R. & B. Bhatia: Developmental and histochemical studies on the spermatangium and carposporophyte of Scinaia forcellata (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta) from Port Okha, India 135 Hommersand, M.H. & S. Fredericq: Vegetative and reproductive development Pterocladia capillacea (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from La Jolla, California 147 Menez, E.G., H.P. Calumpong, D.J. Newman & J.A. West: An account of the red alga, Portieria hornemannii (Gigartinales, Rhizophyllidaceae) from the Philippines 161 Wynne, M.J.: A revised key to genera of the red algal family Delesseriaceae 171 Krishnamurthy, V.: A phylogenetic consideration of the reproduction strategies in the Rhodophyta 191 Chromophyta Bacillariophyceae Round, F.E: Fine detail of siliceous components of diatom cells 201 Gordon, R.: Computer controlled evolution of diatoms: Design for a compustat 215 Medlin, L.K., W.H.C.F. Kooistra, R. Gersonde & U. Wellbrock: Evolution of the diatoms (Bacillariophyta): III. Molecular evidence for the origin of the Thalassiosirales 221 Rao, V.N.R.: Size dependent variable reproductive behaviour in Cyclotella meneghiniana (Bacillariophyta) 235 Gowthaman, S.: A taxonomic re-evaluation of Coscinodiscus blandus (Bacillariophyceae) 239 Prasad, A. K. S.K. & R.J. Livingston: A micromorphological and systematic study of Coscinodiscus jonesianus (Bacillariophyceae) from Florida waters 247 Sridhar, D.: Studies on the genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyta) from the Indian Ocean. I 265 Yanagisawa, Y.: Taxonomy of the genera Rossiella, Bogorovia and Koizumia (Cymatosiraceae, Bacillariophyceae) 273 Williams, D.M.: Notes on the genus Fragilariforma (Fragilariophyceae: Bacillariophyta) with a description of a new Miocene fossil species, Fragilariforma platensis. 283 Gordon, R., N.K. Bjorklund, G.G.C. Robinson & H.J. Kling: Sheared drops and pennate diatoms 289 Sims, P.A. & R. Ross: Drewsandria, a new genus of araphid diatoms 301 Mann, D.G.: The systematics of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta): Sexual reproduction and auxospore development in S. anceps var. siberica 307 Lange-Bertalot, H. & D. Metzeltin: Ultrastructure of Surirella desikocharyi sp. nov. and Campylodiscus indianorum sp . nov. (B ac ill ariophyta) in comparison with some other taxa of the "robustoid" type of construction 321 Hallegraeff, G. M. & M.A. Burford: Some new or little known nanoplankton diatoms cultured from tropical and subtropical Australian shelf waters 329 Reimer, C.W.: Diatoms from some surface waters on Great Abaco Island in the Bahamas (Little Bahama Bank) 343 Chrysophyceae Kristiansen, J.: Silica structures in the taxonomy and identification of scaled chrysophytes 355 Wujek, D.E. & L.C. Saha: Scale-bearing c