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How Chiefs Come to Power

Author : Timothy K. Earle

Publisher : Stanford University Press

Page : 276 pages

File Size : 34,41 MB

Release : 1997

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 9780804728560

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Book Description

This book is basically about power-how people came to acquire it and the implications that contrasting paths to power had for the development of societies. Earle argues that chiefdoms, being a regional polity with governance over a population of a few thousand to tens of thousands of people, and with some social stratification, possessed the same fundamental dynamics as those of states, and that the origin of states is to be understood in the emergence and development of chiefdoms. His arguments are developed by three case studies-Denmark during the Neolithic and early Bronze Age (2300-1300) BC, the high Andes of Peru from the early chiefdoms through the Inka conquest (AD 500-1534), and Hawai'i from early settlement to its incorporation in the world economy (AD 800-1824). After summarizing the cultural history of the three societies over a thousand years, he considers the sources of chiefly power-the economy, military power and ideology-and how these sources were linked together.



A Primer on Chiefs and Chiefdoms

Author : Timothy Earle

Publisher : Eliot Werner Publications

Page : 271 pages

File Size : 26,16 MB

Release : 2021-12-31

Category : Political Science

ISBN : 1734281847

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Book Description

Chiefs are political operatives who hold titles of leadership over groups larger than intimate kin-based communities. Although they rule with the consent of their group, they are all about building personal power and respect. Many scholars have viewed chiefs as problem solvers--defending groups against aggressors, resolving disputes, providing support under hardship, organizing labor for community projects, and redistributing goods among those in need. Chiefs do these things, but much of what chiefs do is accumulate benefits for themselves, staying in power and legitimizing control. Anthropological archaeology is well suited to pursue the study of chiefs, their leadership institutions (chiefdoms), and long-term historical processes. The author argues that studying chiefdoms is essential to understanding the role of elemental powers in social evolution. As an illustration, he studies chiefs and their power strategies in historically independent prehistoric and traditional societies and discusses how they continue to exist as powerful actors within modern states.



A Primer on Chiefs and Chiefdoms

Author : Timothy Earle

Publisher : Eliot Werner Publications

Page : 185 pages

File Size : 26,37 MB

Release : 2021-12-31

Category : Political Science

ISBN : 1734281855

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Book Description

Chiefs are political operatives who hold titles of leadership over groups larger than intimate kin-based communities. Although they rule with the consent of their group, they are all about building personal power and respect. Many scholars have viewed chiefs as problem solvers--defending groups against aggressors, resolving disputes, providing support under hardship, organizing labor for community projects, and redistributing goods among those in need. Chiefs do these things, but much of what chiefs do is accumulate benefits for themselves, staying in power and legitimizing control. Anthropological archaeology is well suited to pursue the study of chiefs, their leadership institutions (chiefdoms), and long-term historical processes. The author argues that studying chiefdoms is essential to understanding the role of elemental powers in social evolution. As an illustration, he studies chiefs and their power strategies in historically independent prehistoric and traditional societies and discusses how they continue to exist as powerful actors within modern states.



The Politics of Custom

Author : John L. Comaroff

Publisher : University of Chicago Press

Page : 370 pages

File Size : 10,86 MB

Release : 2018-03-08

Category : History

ISBN : 022651093X

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Book Description

Includes bibliographical references and index.



How Chiefs Became Kings

Author : Patrick Vinton Kirch

Publisher : University of California Press

Page : 286 pages

File Size : 26,14 MB

Release : 2019-05-07

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 0520303393

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Book Description

In How Chiefs Became Kings, Patrick Vinton Kirch addresses a central problem in anthropological archaeology: the emergence of “archaic states” whose distinctive feature was divine kingship. Kirch takes as his focus the Hawaiian archipelago, commonly regarded as the archetype of a complex chiefdom. Integrating anthropology, linguistics, archaeology, traditional history, and theory, and drawing on significant contributions from his own four decades of research, Kirch argues that Hawaiian polities had become states before the time of Captain Cook’s voyage (1778-1779). The status of most archaic states is inferred from the archaeological record. But Kirch shows that because Hawai`i’s kingdoms were established relatively recently, they could be observed and recorded by Cook and other European voyagers. Substantive and provocative, this book makes a major contribution to the literature of precontact Hawai`i and illuminates Hawai`i’s importance in the global theory and literature about divine kingship, archaic states, and sociopolitical evolution.



Ancient Panama

Author : Mary W. Helms

Publisher : University of Texas Press

Page : 342 pages

File Size : 25,34 MB

Release : 2014-03-19

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 0292766742

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Book Description

Ancient Panama adds depth to our understanding of the political and religious elite ruling in Panama at the time of the European conquest. Mary W. Helms's research greatly expands knowledge of the distribution, extent, and structural nature of these pre-Columbian chiefdoms. In addition, Helms delves more deeply into select aspects of ancient Panamanian political systems, including the relationship between elite competition and chiefly status, the use of sumptuary goods in the expression of elite power, and the role of elites in regional and long-distance exchange networks. In a significant departure from traditional thinking, she proposes that the search for esoteric knowledge was more important than economic trade in developing long-distance contact among chiefdoms. The primary data for the study are derived from sixteenth-century Spanish records by Oviedo y Valdés, Andagoya, Balboa, and others. The author also turns to ethnographic data from contemporary native people of Panama, Colombia, tropical America, and Polynesia for analogy and comparison. The result is a highly innovative study which illuminates not only pre-Columbian Panamanian elites but also the nature of chiefdoms as a distinctive cultural type.



The Evolution of Human Societies

Author : Allen W. Johnson

Publisher : Stanford University Press

Page : 460 pages

File Size : 44,61 MB

Release : 2000

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 9780804740326

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Book Description

Combining original theoretical ideas and interpretation with ethnographic evidence, Johnson and Earle seek to describe and account for the development of complex human societies. A wealth of case studies are referred to throughout and these are used to support arguments for the proposed causes, mechanisms and patterns of change and for the factors involved, such as technological change, population growth, warfare, the exchange of goods. This second edition sees a complete re-writing of the theoretical chapters, taking account of recent research, plus a new chapter on changes since the Industrial Revolution and the globalisation of society.



Surplus

Author : Christopher T. Morehart

Publisher : University Press of Colorado

Page : 351 pages

File Size : 18,41 MB

Release : 2015-11-01

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 160732380X

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Book Description

The concept of surplus captures the politics of production and also conveys the active material means by which people develop the strategies to navigate everyday life. Surplus: The Politics of Production and the Strategies of Everyday Life examines how surpluses affected ancient economies, governments, and households in civilizations across Mesoamerica, the Southwest United States, the Andes, Northern Europe, West Africa, Mesopotamia, and eastern Asia. A hallmark of archaeological research on sociopolitical complexity, surplus is central to theories of political inequality and institutional finance. This book investigates surplus as a macro-scalar process on which states or other complex political formations depend and considers how past people—differentially positioned based on age, class, gender, ethnicity, role, and goal—produced, modified, and mobilized their social and physical worlds. Placing the concept of surplus at the forefront of archaeological discussions on production, consumption, power, strategy, and change, this volume reaches beyond conventional ways of thinking about top-down or bottom-up models and offers a comparative framework to examine surplus, generating new questions and methodologies to elucidate the social and political economies of the past. Contributors include Douglas J. Bolender, James A. Brown, Cathy L. Costin, Kristin De Lucia, Timothy Earle, John E. Kelly, Heather M. L. Miller, Christopher R. Moore, Christopher T. Morehart, Neil L. Norman, Ann B. Stahl, Victor D. Thompson, T. L. Thurston, and E. Christian Wells.



Be Chief

Author : Rick Miller

Publisher : Independently Published

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 36,70 MB

Release : 2023-06

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

Growth is contagious and anyone in a company can make simple choices that will accelerate growth in any business. Mastering the powers of clarity, energy, and impact can propel any organization to new heights. If you want to initiate a culture of contagious growth in your company, read this book. Conventional wisdom has long defined "Chiefs" as rulers of people--those at the top of the organization chart who hold the most power. We've always viewed Chiefs as "special," selectively chosen to lead others. The perception in business and society is that only those at the top have the power to be Chief. Conventional wisdom got it wrong. And that needs to change. Now. The newly released Second Edition of Be Chief: It's a Choice, Not a Title obliterates the idea that only Chiefs with titles hold real power--a notion that's been holding us back from achieving our true potential. It's time to realize our true power. Be Chief shows us how. Be Chief isn't just for managers and executives--it's for anyone in any organization. Author Rick Miller has transformed organizations from startups to multinationals--helping front-line workers, managers, and executives at all levels achieve personal and professional growth and establish meaningful connections between what they do and who they are. The ability to tap the collective power of Chiefs at all levels holds the key to sustainable growth that today's companies demand and so many of us crave. According to survey after survey, a lack of engagement has enveloped today's workplace--at least seven in 10 workers are not giving 100% on the job. You may be one of them. It's time for a new way to think about where real power comes from, and to consider new tools to help leaders build organizations full of empowered Chiefs. Be Chief delivers the tips, tools, and case studies to do just that. Be Chief reveals the choices essential to achieving individual and organizational transformation and growth. Finally, 100% of author proceeds are donated to Easterseals, in support of their programs for veterans.



The Gatekeepers

Author : Chris Whipple

Publisher : Crown Publishing Group (NY)

Page : 386 pages

File Size : 15,90 MB

Release : 2017

Category : Biography & Autobiography

ISBN : 0804138249

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Book Description

"The first in-depth, behind-the-scenes look at the White House Chiefs of Staff, whose actions--and inactions--have defined the course of our country. Since George Washington, presidents have depended on the advice of key confidants. But it wasn't until the twentieth century that the White House chief of staff became the second most powerful job in government. Unelected and unconfirmed, the chief serves at the whim of the president, hired and fired by him alone. He is the president's closest adviser and the person he depends on to execute his agenda. He decides who gets to see the president, negotiates with Congress, and--most crucially--enjoys unparalleled access to the leader of the free world. When the president makes a life-and-death decision, often the chief of staff is the only other person in the room. Each chief can make or break an administration, and each president reveals himself by the chief he picks. Through extensive, intimate interviews with all seventeen living chiefs and two former presidents, award-winning journalist and producer Chris Whipple pulls back the curtain on this unique fraternity, whose members have included Rahm Emanuel, Dick Cheney, Leon Panetta, and Donald Rumsfeld. In doing so, he revises our understanding of presidential history, showing us how James Baker and Panetta skillfully managed the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and Bill Clinton, ensuring their reelections--and, conversely, how Jimmy Carter never understood the importance of a chief, crippling his ability to govern. From Watergate to Iran-Contra to the Monica Lewinsky scandal to the Iraq War, Whipple shows us how the chief of staff can make the difference between success and disaster. As an outsider president tries to govern after a bitterly divisive election, The Gatekeepers could not be more timely. Filled with shrewd analysis and never-before-reported details, it is a compelling history that changes our perspective on the presidency."--Jacket flap.