› › How Protective Factors Mitigate Risk And Facilitate Academic Resilience Among Poor Minority College Students

How Protective Factors Mitigate Risk and Facilitate Academic Resilience Among Poor Minority College Students

Author : Erik E. Morales

Publisher : Nova Novinka

Page : 40 pages

File Size : 19,8 MB

Release : 2010

Category : Education

ISBN : 9781617282850

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Book Description

Over the course of ten years, this extensive qualitative study focused on the academic resilience phenomenon. The research identifies significant risk and protective factors and uncovers specific processes by which the students have been able to overcome risk through the strategic utilisation of personal, environmental, and familial resources (protective factors). This book discusses the statistical analysis presented in the study, as well as the data and findings which are used to propose practical suggestions for promoting academic resilience in at-risk youth nation-wide.



Risk, Resilience and Protective Factors in College Enrollment, Persistence and Degree Attainment Trajectories of African American Youth

Author :

Publisher :

Page : 329 pages

File Size : 18,26 MB

Release : 2005

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

Grounded in risk and resiliency's theory, the present study explores determinants of success in African Americans' longitudinal trajectories to college outcomes, namely, college enrollment, college persistence and degree attainment, with Whites taken as contrasting groups. The study's major research questions (1) examine the status of racial and gender differences in success at major sages in college outcomes; (2) explore racial and gender differences in potential predictors of success with home, school, postsecondary and financial aid factors taken into account and; (3) assess the effects of potential predictors on the three college outcomes for Blacks and Whites and males and females. The study depends on data from the National Educational Longitudinal Study (1988/2000) restricted data files and uses chi-square, t-test, binomial, multinomial and hierarchical generalized logistic regressions for analyzing the data. Consistent with existing literature, the study shows significant variations in college outcomes by race and gender, indicating Whites' advantage over Blacks and females' advantage over males. Like college outcomes, where racial and gender differences exist in risk factors and potential predictors of success, these differences are mixed. For example, despite coming from a higher at-risk status, Blacks and females compare well or even in part exceed Whites in most home process factors. Unlike home process factors, however, differences in school process factors (such as teachers' expectations, enrollment into intensive curricular track, etc.) and postsecondary factors favor Whites over Blacks and females over males. Differences in the receipt of financial aid, however, echo differences in home background factors and therefore favor Blacks over Whites and females over males. The estimated effects of home, school, postsecondary and financial aid factors on the three college outcomes also differ by race and gender. The study points out that, whereas home background and school demographic factors help mitigate the racial gap in college outcomes (thus enhancing resilience), they are unable to close the gender gap, particularly against Black males. Instead, home and school process factors appear to have a significant effect on dissipating part of the gender gap in college outcomes. In contrast, the award of financial aid appears to have an insignificant effect on closing both the racial and the gender gap in college outcomes.



Motivation and Learning Strategies for College Success

Author : Helena Seli

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 370 pages

File Size : 43,13 MB

Release : 2012-12-12

Category : Education

ISBN : 1136702873

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Book Description

This popular text combines theory, research, and applications to teach college students how to become more self-regulated learners. Study skills are treated as a serious academic course of study. Students learn about human motivation and learning as they improve their study skills. The focus is on relevant information and features designed to help students to identify the components of academic learning that contribute to high achievement, to master and practice effective learning and study strategies, and then to complete self-regulation studies whereby they are taught a process for improving their academic behavior. A framework organized around six components related to academic success (motivation, methods of learning, time management, control of the physical and social environment, and monitoring performance) makes it easy for students to understand what they need to do to become more successful in the classroom. Pedagogical Features include Exercises; Follow-Up Activities; Student Reflections; Chapter-end Reviews ; Key Point; and a Glossary. New in the Fourth Edition: More emphasis on research findings; expanded discussion of motivation ; more emphasis on the impact of students’ use of social networking and technology; research about neuroscience in relationship to motivation and learning; new exercises, including web-based activities; Companion Website, including an Instructor's Manual



Promoting Academic Resilience in Multicultural America

Author : Erik E. Morales

Publisher : Peter Lang

Page : 180 pages

File Size : 24,87 MB

Release : 2004

Category : Education

ISBN : 9780820467634

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Book Description

Promoting Academic Resilience in Multicultural America combines biographical sketches of resilient students, examples of effective programs designed to encourage resilience, recent research in the field, and their own experiences of resilient academics of color. The book illustrates exactly how academic success occurs within traditionally challenged learning environments. The authors focus most closely on the crucial transition between high school and college. The individuals spotlighted and programs outlined cross racial, gender, socioeconomic, and ethnic lines, and include African American, Hispanic, and white students. In part, the authors conclude that there are specific multidimensional protective factors that work collaboratively to enable the success of these exceptional students. It is the detailed exploration of these phenomena that lie at the heart of this work and that has the potential to help all children excel. Among other uses, this book could be a valuable addition to a college freshmen seminar series, a foundations of education course, a course on multiculturalism in America and/or any course focused on basic educational psychology.



An Exploration of Protective and Risk Factors that Influence the Development of Resilience Among Black Girls

Author : Denna M. Hewitt

Publisher :

Page : 280 pages

File Size : 22,47 MB

Release : 2018

Category : African Americans

ISBN :

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Book Description

Black women's issues and obstacles are more complex than most other races due to historical racism, sexism, and poverty (S. A. Thomas & Gonza̹lez-Prendes, 2009). However, cultural expectations of strength in Black women fuel the myth of the strong Black woman that compels women to push for unrealistic levels of self-sacrifice, self-denial, and ensuing emotional distress (Beauboeuf-Lafontant, 2007). The combination of powerlessness and strength presents a problematic paradox for Black women. The purpose of this case study is to explore risk and protective factors within the lives of Black girls who attend a large urban high school and examine how those factors affect the development of resilience. Based on cultural, historical, and societal factors, Black adolescent girls living in an urban environment while attending high schools struggle with the development of resilience. A combination of risk factors (poverty and exposure to violence) and protective factors (self-efficacy, belief system, and support system) are considered when developing resilience. This research addressed the following research questions: (a) How do Black high school girls perceive themselves as resilient? and (b) According to Black high school girls, what are the perceived risk and protective factors that had an impact on the development of their resilience? Through the use of a survey, participants were asked questions regarding resilience in addition to the perceived risk and protective factors. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Excel to determine significant factors pertaining to resilience. One-to-one interviews were used to gather deeper insight into the risk and protective factors that may influence the development of resilience. Qualitative data were coded using In Vivo and descriptive codes to identify patterns and themes. As a result of this study, the researcher now understands resilience as a social ecological construct. This ecological perspective suggests that, when providing a person with opportunities to realize his or her potential, interventions must involve those mandated to help, such as social workers, nurses, and educators, as well as those expected to provide support, namely the person's family, peers, and community.



A Focus on Hope

Author : Erik E. Morales

Publisher : University Press of America

Page : 101 pages

File Size : 10,25 MB

Release : 2011

Category : Education

ISBN : 0761852719

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Book Description

"Over the course of ten years, this extensive qualitative study focused on the academic resilience phenomenon. The research delves into the educational resilience experiences of fifty low socioeconomic students of color from a variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds. In addition to chronicling specific protective factors and processes active in the students' lives, several symbiotic relationships between groups of protective factors are documented and explored. A Resilience Cycle theory, which was chronicled in previous works of the authors, is used as a framework to view essential elements of the students' academic success. Ultimately, the data and findings are used to propose practical suggestions for promoting academic resilience in at-risk youth nationwide. Furthermore, because one author specializes in education and the other in psychology, both of these disciplines are brought to bear on this crucial and understudied topic." -- from back cover.



Protective Factors Predicting Academic Resilience in Adolescent At-risk Students

Author : Jennifer Ann Sturtevant

Publisher :

Page : 208 pages

File Size : 38,95 MB

Release : 2014

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

The goal of this study was to explore the factors that contribute to academic resilience in at-risk late adolescents. Specifically, the study investigates how intrapersonal (self-efficacy, academic autonomy, locus of control) and interpersonal (parental involvement and parental autonomy support) factors and family income relate to academic resilience. The study was conducted using a survey with 91 juniors and seniors at a central California high school. Results support the relationship between intrapersonal factors (self-efficacy, academic autonomy and locus of control) and academic resilience of low-income adolescents. Contrary to other findings within this field, there were limited relations between parental involvement and parental autonomy support with academic resilience. This study also found a significant relationship between higher income level and higher GPA. Finally, students with lower income levels were significantly associated with a single parent family structure. Limitations and future implications are discussed.



The Experiences of High Achieving African American Students in Urban High Schools

Author : Danita Anne Thornton

Publisher :

Page : 115 pages

File Size : 30,43 MB

Release : 2012

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

Abstract: There are a number of African American students attending public schools situated within lower income communities who achieve academic success, despite encountering various challenges. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain insight into the internal and external protective factors that served to mitigate risk in the lives of academically resilient African American students. Moreover, an examination of the process by which these students achieved academic success despite factors that typically place students "at-risk" or "educationally vulnerable" for academic failure was the goal of this research inquiry. Twenty-one graduating seniors across four high schools were interviewed as part of this phenomenological research investigation. Several themes emerged that supported existing literature on academic resilience and African American students. All participants discussed the impact of both internal and external protective factors across home, schools, and communities that led to academic success. In addition, the majority of respondents reported that in their respective schools, education was valued, responsibilities were often shared among others, and positive and supportive relationships were encouraged across students, teachers, and school staff. Furthermore, participants discussed the process of being resilient, specifically encountering various challenges, but working to achieve their academic goals.



Investigating the Relationships Between College Student Mental Health, Risk Perception, Protective Factors, and Academic Persistence in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author : Yusen Zhai

Publisher :

Page : pages

File Size : 21,35 MB

Release : 2021

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

The COVID-19 pandemic has upended a plethora of lives worldwide. Students enrolled in institutions of higher education are not immune to the significant impact of the pandemic, encountering myriads of challenges that lead to poor mental health and academic persistence. The pandemic has also created a disproportionate impact on marginalized students, such as racial, ethnic, and sexual minority students as well as students with disabilities, amplifying inequalities in a time of crisis. Constructs investigated, in this study, included the relationships of college students' risk perception of COVID-19, mental health, protective factors (optimism, help-seeking, social support), and academic persistence in response to the COVID-19 pandemic among 1051 college students, including racial, ethnic, and sexual minority students, students with disabilities, international students, and first-generation college students, from various higher education institutions across the United States. Also examined was the risk perception of COVID-19, mental health, protective factors, and academic persistence in different demographic groups of college students in response to the pandemic, shedding light on the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on marginalized college students in the United States. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that both risk perception of COVID-19 and mental health contributed to academic persistence directly and indirectly through protective factors. The greater risk perceptions of COVID-19 were associated with higher levels of academic persistence among college students. Risk perception of COVID-19 and mental health were found to be negatively associated. Results showed that optimism did not mediate the effect of risk perception on help-seeking behaviors but did fully mediate mental health effects on help-seeking behaviors, suggesting that individuals with higher levels of optimism may not underestimate the risk of the infectious disease and thus reduce health-related behaviors. Findings highlighted the fundamental role of social support in mitigating the deleterious effects of the pandemic to promote academic persistence. Findings from this study also provided empirical evidence for the first time, suggesting the positive effects of risk perception of COVID-19 on protective behaviors as well as academic persistence in U.S. college students. Results from the independent sample t-test revealed that marginalized students were disproportionately affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Racial, ethnic, and sexual minority students and students with disabilities demonstrated less academic persistence, mental health, and social support compared with their peers; meanwhile, they were more likely than their peers to perceive greater risk of COVID-19. The results from structural equation modeling and t-test provided empirical evidence and implications that inform strategic plans at the individual, institutional, community, and policy levels to mitigate the detrimental effects of COVID-19 on college students. Specific implications for higher education leadership, faculty, administrators and stakeholders, mental health providers, professional counselors (e.g., mental health and career counselors), and counselor educators are discussed.



The Relationship Between Self-efficacy, Resilience and Academic Achievement Among African-American Urban Adolescent Students

Author : Natosha Peterson Speight

Publisher :

Page : 270 pages

File Size : 28,93 MB

Release : 2009

Category : Academic achievement

ISBN :

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Book Description

In today's society, students from urban environments are often exposed to higher rates of crime and violence, poverty, school dropout, incarceration, substance abuse, and many other factors that are associated with increased risk for social and/or emotional problems (Babbitt & Byrne, 1999; Jeffries, 2000; Schensul, 1998; Van Horn, 1999). Many of these factors interfere with the learning and educational process of urban adolescent students. Although many urban adolescents face similar risk factors, some students manage to overcome the stressors and show positive adaptation in the face of adversity. Unfortunately, these success stories are far too often the exception, rather than the norm or the expectation. Barbarin (1992) noted that the way African-American children are able to survive and thrive in the face of adversity clearly requires more attention. The current study explored this phenomenon by examining the relationships between self-efficacy, resilience and achievement, and provides empirical data to the scant research literature on African-American urban adolescents. The present study examined the relationships between self-efficacy, resilience and academic achievement among African-American urban high school students in Washington, DC. The study hypothesized positive relationships between self-efficacy, resilience and achievement, and also examined the contribution of self-efficacy and resilience in predicting academic achievement. Collected data were analyzed using correlation statistics, multiple regression analyses and analysis of variance. The study further explored the contributory effect of select demographic variables (i.e. authoritative parenting, role models, and socioeconomic status) on the variance in self-efficacy and resilience. Results indicated that resilience was significantly and positively correlated with achievement, self-efficacy and authoritative parenting. Additionally, authoritative parenting was significantly and positively correlated with achievement, influential role models, and self-efficacy. Authoritative parenting also emerged as a significant predictor of self-efficacy and resilience. Based on the findings of the current study, resilience and authoritative parenting may be protective factors for African-American urban youth. Strategies and interventions developed to support and promote resilience and authoritative parenting are likely to have implications for positive outcomes, which may also mitigate risk factors and contribute to lessening the achievement gap among cultural groups. Implications for future research and intervention are discussed.