Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher :
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 49,68 MB
Release : 1983
Category : Flame spread
ISBN :
This manual documents procedures for estimating the rate of forward spread, intensity, flame length, and size of fires burning in forests and rangelands. Contains instructions for obtaining fuel and weather data, calculating fire behavior, and interpreting the results for application to actual fire problems.
Author : RICHARD C. ROTHERMEL
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,13 MB
Release : 2018
Category :
ISBN : 9781033294772
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher :
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 14,46 MB
Release : 1982
Category :
ISBN :
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 39,28 MB
Release : 2017-10-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780266755548
Excerpt from How to Predict the Spread and Intensity of Forest and Range Fires The methods and model in this manual do not apply to smoldering combustion such as occurs in tightly packed litter, duf f or rotten wood. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher :
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 28,53 MB
Release : 1983
Category : Forest fire forecasting
ISBN :
The problem of verifying predictions of fire behavior, primarily rate of spread, is discussed in terms of the fire situation for which predictions are made, and the type of fire where data are to be collected. Procedures for collecting data and performing analysis are presented for both readily accessible fires where data should be complete, and for inaccessible fires where data are likely to be incomplete. The material is prepared for use by field units, with no requirements for special equipment or computers. Procedures for selecting the most representative fuel model, for overall evaluation of prediction capability, and for developing calibration coefficients to improve future predictions are presented. Illustrated examples from several fires are included. The material is a companion publication to the fire prediction manual titled, 'INT-GTR-143: How to predict the spread and intensity of forest and range fire' by R. C. Rothermel.
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher :
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 44,79 MB
Release : 1972
Category : Flame spread
ISBN :
A mathematical fire model for predicting rate of spread and intensity that is applicable to a wide range of wildland fuels and environment is presented. Methods of incorporating mixtures of fuel sizes are introduced by weighting input parameters by surface area. The input parameters do not require a prior knowledge of the burning characteristics of the fuel.
Author : Patricia L. Andrews
Publisher :
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 49,42 MB
Release : 1982
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN :
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher :
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 20,41 MB
Release : 1983
Category :
ISBN :
Author : Joe H. Scott
Publisher :
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 44,36 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Fire risk assessment
ISBN :
Fire managers are increasingly concerned about the threat of crown fires, yet only now are quantitative methods for assessing crown fire hazard being developed. Links among existing mathematical models of fire behavior are used to develop two indices of crown fire hazard-the Torching Index and Crowning Index. These indices can be used to ordinate different forest stands by their relative susceptibility to crown fire and to compare the effectiveness of crown fire mitigation treatments. The coupled model was used to simulate the wide range of fire behavior possible in a forest stand, from a low-intensity surface fire to a high-intensity active crown fire, for the purpose of comparing potential fire behavior. The hazard indices and behavior simulations incorporate the effects of surface fuel characteristics, dead and live fuel moistures (surface and crown), slope steepness, canopy base height, canopy bulk density, and wind reduction by the canopy. Example simulations are for western Montana Pinus ponderosa and Pinus contorta stands. Although some of the models presented here have had limited testing or restricted geographic applicability, the concepts will apply to models for other regions and new models with greater geographic applicability.
Author : Lucy Anne Salazar
Publisher :
Page : 16 pages
File Size : 17,51 MB
Release : 1984
Category : Fire weather
ISBN :
Data that represent average worst fire weather for a particular area are used to index daily fire danger; however, they do not account for different locations or diurnal weather changes that significantly affect fire behavior potential. To study the effects that selected changes in weather databases have on computed fire behavior parameters, weather data for the northern Rocky Mountains were treated as probability distributions, then used in computer simulation to estimate distributions of rate-of-spread (ROS) and fireline intensity (FLI). Sensitivity of ROS and FLl to weather input changes was analyzed by varying the source and amount of weather data, and diurnally adjusting temperature and relative humidity. In eight representative cases, a minimum amount of data produced the lowest cumulative probabilities of ROS and FLl, and data from a higher elevation produced the highest values. For long-term planning, within the region studied, a small subset of weather data distributions was adequate for estimating probabilistic distributions of ROS and FLI. Joint probabilities of ROS and FLI differed substantially among test cases. Fire behavior values obtained with observed data were higher than those obtained with diurnally adjusted data. The simulation techniques used are appropriate for use in long-term fire management planning models.
