An Analysis of the H-2a Agricultural Guest Worker Program and Recommendations for Future Policy


Book Description

The majority of the people who make up the United States' seasonal agricultural workforce are nonimmigrant Mexican citizens. Immigration policies such as the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) and the H-2A agricultural guest worker program were meant to encourage growers to employ legal labor workforces. A study of the laws and practices that eventually resulted in the H-2A program shows how and why the demographics are predominantly Mexican. In addition, such study is revealing as to why the US enacted the H-2A program-including definitional details of the program itself. However, does this program really work? This question has radically different answers. In theory, the program seems to be well designed; but, in practice, it does not function as intended because of its many shortcomings, loopholes, open-ended issues, and poor enforcement. I will analyze and demonstrate how these inadequacies perpetuate illegal immigration and exploitation of both legal and illegal seasonal agricultural farm workers. Lastly, I will offer a composite of recommendations for legislative reform of the H-2A program; as well as provide pertinent, resourceful questions for further research.




Immigration Enforcement and Policies


Book Description

An estimated 11 million unauthorised aliens reside in the United States, and this population is estimated to increase by 500,000 annually. Each year, approximately 1 million aliens are apprehended trying to enter the United States illegally. Although most of these aliens enter the United States for economic opportunities and family reunification, or to avoid civil strife and political unrest, some are criminals, and some may be terrorists. All are violating the United States' immigration laws.




Farm Economic Issues


Book Description

Farm economics remains a major concern for policymakers as it has been in the past. On the other hand, the farms in America constituted one of its main levers of power besides the military. Policies must encourage innovation in one sense, yet be ready to lend support just in the event of regional weather disasters or national economics trends adverse to agriculture. This new book presents a comprehensive picture of these current issues. Contents: Preface; Farm Economic Relief: Issues and Options for Congress; US Farm Income: Recent National and Regional Changes and the Federal Response; Farm and Food Support under USDA's Section 32 Program; Farm Labour Shortages and Immigration Policy; Farm Support Programs and World Trade Commitments; Farm Disaster Assistance; Federal Farm Promotion ('Check-Off') Programs; Farm 'Counter-Cyclical Assistance'; Farm Program Spending: What's Permitted under the Uruguay Round Agreements; Index.




Capital Accumulation and Migration


Book Description

Dennis C. Canterbury’s Capital Accumulation and Migration explores the subject of capital accumulation and migration, a topic that is remarkably absent in the voluminous literature spawned under neoliberal capitalism by the renewed interest in the development impact of migration. This volume undertakes a critique of this literature and adds a critical dimension to it, while analyzing the financialization of migration processes. A central feature of neoliberal capitalism is the remodeling of the global political economy to facilitate capital accumulation from migration amidst serious fault lines that reflect an antagonistic contradiction in the neoliberal capitalist approach to migration.







Immigration Outside the Law


Book Description

"A 1975 state-wide law in Texas made it legal for school districts to bar students from public schools if they were in the country illegally, thus making it extremely difficult or even possible for scores of children to receive an education. The resulting landmark Supreme Court case, Plyler v. Doe (1982), established the constitutional right of children to attend public elementary and secondary schools regardless of legal status and changed how the nation approached the conversation about immigration outside the law. Today, as the United States takes steps towards immigration policy reform, Americans are subjected to polarized debates on what the country should do with its "illegal" or "undocumented" population. In Immigration Outside the Law, acclaimed immigration law expert Hiroshi Motomura takes a neutral, legally-accurate approach in his attention and responses to the questions surrounding those whom he calls "unauthorized migrants." In a reasoned and careful discussion, he seeks to explain why unlawful immigration is such a contentious debate in the United States and to offer suggestions for what should be done about it. He looks at ways in which unauthorized immigrants are becoming part of American society and why it is critical to pave the way for this integration. In the final section of the book, Motomura focuses on practical and politically viable solutions to the problem in three public policy areas: international economic development, domestic economic policy, and educational policy. Amidst the extreme opinions voiced daily in the media, Motomura explains the complicated topic of immigration outside the law in an understandable and refreshingly objective way for students and scholars studying immigration law, policy-makers looking for informed opinions, and any American developing an opinion on this contentious issue"--




The Routledge Handbook of Comparative Rural Policy


Book Description

This volume represents the result of almost two decades of trans-Atlantic collaborative development of a policy research paradigm, the International Comparative Rural Policy Studies program. Over this period dozens of scientists from different disciplines but with a common interest in rural issues and policy have collaboratively studied the policies in North America, Europe, and other parts of the world. A core element of the book is the idea and practice of comparative research and analysis – what can be learned from comparisons, how and why policies vary in different contexts, and what lessons might or might not be “transferable” across borders. It provides skills for the use of comparative methods as important tools to analyze the functioning of strategies and specific policy interventions in different contexts and a holistic approach for the management of resources in rural regions. It promotes innovation as a tool to valorize endogenous resources and empower local communities and offers case studies of rural policy in specific contexts. The book largely adopts a territorial approach to rural policy. This means the book is more interested in rural regions, their people and economies, and in the policies that affect them, than in rural sectors, and sectoral policies per se. The audience of the book is by definition international and includes students attending courses in agricultural and rural policy, rural and regional studies, and natural resource management; lecturers seeking course material and case studies to present to their students in any of the courses listed above; professionals working in the field of rural policy; policy-makers and civil servants at different levels seeking tools to better understand rural policy both at the local and global scale and to better recognize and comprehend how to transfer best practices.




Mexico


Book Description

America and Mexico share a continent with Canada and as the world continues to grow smaller, find more and more issues which both bind and separate them. The major ones are border issues, immigration and economic issues but the minor ones continues to pile up as well. This new book presents some of the major current issues and places them in context.




Constructed Movements


Book Description

A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press's Open Access publishing program. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. At once theoretically sophisticated and poignantly written, Constructed Movements centers stories from communities in Mexico profoundly affected by emigration to the United States to show how migration extracts resources along racial lines. Ragini Shah chronicles how three interrelated dynamics--the maldistribution of public resources, the exploitation of migrant labor, and the US immigration enforcement regime--entrench the necessity of migration as a strategy for survival in Mexico. She also highlights the alternative visions elaborated by migrant community organizations that seek to end the conditions that force migration. Recognizing that reform without recompense will never right an unjust migratory system, Shah concludes with a forceful call for the US and Mexican governments to make abolitionist investments and reparative compensation to directly counteract this legacy of extraction.




Immigration Policy in Turmoil


Book Description

Immigration has indeed provided the lifeblood for the regulation of the American dream for tremendous numbers of Americans. It has provided an ongoing source of low cost labour, a pool of talented artisans and professions, and new citizens anxious to work hard to pursue their hopes for themselves and their families. As every coin has another side however, so does immigration policy. Foreign countries with less than snow-white intentions have sent the US their students to learn skills that can be used against America. Terrorists and criminals seem to enter and egress at will. The system of enforcing current laws is creaky and barely functions. The book brings into focus current policies and laws in an area which requires urgent attention.