› › Impact Of Near Field To Far Field Transformation On Sar Images Formed In An Indoor Non Anechoic Environment

Impact of Near-field-to-far-field Transformation on SAR Images Formed in an Indoor Non-anechoic Environment

Author : Jacob D. Compaleo

Publisher :

Page : 96 pages

File Size : 18,60 MB

Release : 2018

Category : Electrical engineering

ISBN :

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Book Description

This work investigates the impact of the near-field-to-far-field transformation (NFFFT) algorithm on phase history measurement collections completed in the Sensors and Signals Exploitation Laboratory (SSEL). SSEL is an indoor non-anechoic environ- ment that is at risk to some measurement interferences such as multiple bounces. Complete 360-degree phase history measurements of scale model aircraft are con- ducted at varying range values within the near-field limit. These measurements are calibrated with the Mie series scattering solution for a sphere. After calibration, the measurements are transformed using the NFFFT, with radar cross-section (RCS) estimated. RCS of the transformed data is compared with the RCS of the near-field calibrated, and also far-field calibrated data. Well-known imaging algorithms the polar format algorithm (PFA) and convolution back-projection algorithm are used to form SAR images of the targets. Agreement in RCS within 4 dBsm is shown be- tween the transformed data and far-field calibrated data, rather than the near-field calibrated data. The NFFFT algorithm is shown to be suitable for use in the SSEL measurement environment.



Impact of SAR Image Formation Quality on Target Separability

Author : Cody A. Lawyer

Publisher :

Page : 61 pages

File Size : 41,96 MB

Release : 2014

Category : Electrical engineering

ISBN :

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Book Description

The polar format algorithm (PFA) allows the use of computationally efficient fast Fourier transforms in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation, but introduces phase errors when making the far-field approximations that facilitate this approach. The phase errors cause spatially variant distortion and defocus in the formed image. These effects may complicate target recognition applications. To limit the impact of defocus, scene size is usually limited such that the maximum quadratic phase error within an image falls below some threshold. This thesis looks at how distortion and defocus affects the classification of targets, with the hope of developing an application-driven scene size limit.



Transionospheric Synthetic Aperture Imaging

Author : Mikhail Gilman

Publisher : Birkhäuser

Page : 468 pages

File Size : 37,2 MB

Release : 2017-04-13

Category : Mathematics

ISBN : 3319521276

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Book Description

This landmark monograph presents the most recent mathematical developments in the analysis of ionospheric distortions of SAR images and offers innovative new strategies for their mitigation. As a prerequisite to addressing these topics, the book also discusses the radar ambiguity theory as it applies to synthetic aperture imaging and the propagation of radio waves through the ionospheric plasma, including the anisotropic and turbulent cases. In addition, it covers a host of related subjects, such as the mathematical modeling of extended radar targets (as opposed to point-wise targets) and the scattering of radio waves off those targets, as well as the theoretical analysis of the start-stop approximation, which is used routinely in SAR signal processing but often without proper justification. The mathematics in this volume is clean and rigorous – no assumptions are hidden or ambiguously stated. The resulting work is truly interdisciplinary, providing both a comprehensive and thorough exposition of the field, as well as an accurate account of a range of relevant physical processes and phenomena. The book is intended for applied mathematicians interested in the area of radar imaging or, more generally, remote sensing, as well as physicists and electrical/electronic engineers who develop/operate spaceborne SAR sensors and perform the data processing. The methods in the book are also useful for researchers and practitioners working on other types of imaging. Moreover, the book is accessible to graduate students in applied mathematics, physics, engineering, and related disciplines. Praise for Transionospheric Synthetic Aperture Imaging: “I perceive that this text will mark a turning point in the field of synthetic aperture radar research and practice. I believe this text will instigate a new era of more rigorous image formation relieving the research, development and practitioner communities of inconsistent physical assumptions and numerical approaches.” – Richard Albanese, Senior Scientist, Albanese Defense and Energy Development LLC



Understanding Synthetic Aperture Radar Images

Author : Chris Oliver

Publisher : Artech House Publishers

Page : 520 pages

File Size : 36,60 MB

Release : 1998

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN :

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Book Description

This practical reference shows SAR system designers and remote sensing specialists how to produce higher quality SAR images using data-driven algorithms, and apply powerful new techniques to measure and analyze SAR image content. It describes how SAR imagery is formed, how SAR processing affects image properties, and gives you specific guidance in selecting and applying today's most sophisticated analytical techniques. Filled with real-world examples from various SAR systems, the book reveals sophisticated, proven techniques for SAR filtering, parameter estimation, image reconstruction, segmentation, and classification.



Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Techniques and Applications

Author : Bovenga Fabio

Publisher : Mdpi AG

Page : 340 pages

File Size : 19,54 MB

Release : 2020-06-15

Category : Science

ISBN : 9783039361229

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Book Description

Because of its ability to sense the Earth's surface at night and during the day, under any weather condition, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has become a well-established and powerful remote sensing technology that is used worldwide for numerous applications. This book compiles 19 research works that investigate different aspects of SAR processing, SAR image analysis, and SAR applications. The contributions cover topics related to multi-angle/wide-angle SAR imaging; Doppler parameter estimation; data-driven focusing; Inverse SAR (ISAR) applied to pulsar signal modeling and detection; ground-based SAR; near-field interferometric ISAR; the interaction between SAR signals and the Infosphere; SAR interferometry for ground displacement monitoring, feature extraction, and change detection; and SAR-based sea applications. The selected studies represent real examples of the abundant research ongoing in the field of SAR processing and applications, and they further demonstrate that SAR imaging still presents considerable opportunities for future investigation.



Development of a Folded Compact Range and Its Application in Performing Coherent Change Detection and Interferometric ISAR Measurement

Author :

Publisher :

Page : 7 pages

File Size : 27,87 MB

Release : 1996

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

A folded compact range configuration has been developed at the Sandia National Laboratories' compact range antenna and radar cross section measurement facility as a means of performing indoor, environmentally controlled far-field simulations of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements of distributed target samples (i.e. gravel, sand, etc.). In particular, the folded compact range configuration has been used to perform both highly sensitive coherent change detection (CCD) measurements and interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) measurements, which, in addition to the two-dimensional spatial resolution afforded by typical interferometric SAR (ISAR) processing, provides resolution of the relative height of targets with accuracies on the order of a wavelength. This paper describes the development of the folded compact range, as well as the coherent change detection and interferometric measurements that have been made with the system. The measurement have been very successful, and have demonstrated not only the viability of the folded compact range concept in simulating SAR CCD and IFSAR measurements, but also its usefulness as a tool in the research and development of SAR CCD and IFSAR image generation and measurement methodologies.



Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging With MATLAB Algorithms

Author : Caner Ozdemir

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 672 pages

File Size : 34,64 MB

Release : 2021-03-22

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 111952136X

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Book Description

Build your knowledge of SAR/ISAR imaging with this comprehensive and insightful resource The newly revised Second Edition of Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging with MATLAB Algorithms covers in greater detail the fundamental and advanced topics necessary for a complete understanding of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging and its concepts. Distinguished author and academician, Caner Özdemir, describes the practical aspects of ISAR imaging and presents illustrative examples of the radar signal processing algorithms used for ISAR imaging. The topics in each chapter are supplemented with MATLAB codes to assist readers in better understanding each of the principles discussed within the book. This new edition incudes discussions of the most up-to-date topics to arise in the field of ISAR imaging and ISAR hardware design. The book provides a comprehensive analysis of advanced techniques like Fourier-based radar imaging algorithms, and motion compensation techniques along with radar fundamentals for readers new to the subject. The author covers a wide variety of topics, including: Radar fundamentals, including concepts like radar cross section, maximum detectable range, frequency modulated continuous wave, and doppler frequency and pulsed radar The theoretical and practical aspects of signal processing algorithms used in ISAR imaging The numeric implementation of all necessary algorithms in MATLAB ISAR hardware, emerging topics on SAR/ISAR focusing algorithms such as bistatic ISAR imaging, polarimetric ISAR imaging, and near-field ISAR imaging, Applications of SAR/ISAR imaging techniques to other radar imaging problems such as thru-the-wall radar imaging and ground-penetrating radar imaging Perfect for graduate students in the fields of electrical and electronics engineering, electromagnetism, imaging radar, and physics, Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging With MATLAB Algorithms also belongs on the bookshelves of practicing researchers in the related areas looking for a useful resource to assist them in their day-to-day professional work.



Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar

Author : Irena Hajnsek

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 304 pages

File Size : 33,28 MB

Release : 2021-03-24

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3030565041

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Book Description

This open access book focuses on the practical application of electromagnetic polarimetry principles in Earth remote sensing with an educational purpose. In the last decade, the operations from fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar such as the Japanese ALOS/PalSAR, the Canadian Radarsat-2 and the German TerraSAR-X and their easy data access for scientific use have developed further the research and data applications at L,C and X band. As a consequence, the wider distribution of polarimetric data sets across the remote sensing community boosted activity and development in polarimetric SAR applications, also in view of future missions. Numerous experiments with real data from spaceborne platforms are shown, with the aim of giving an up-to-date and complete treatment of the unique benefits of fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data in five different domains: forest, agriculture, cryosphere, urban and oceans.



Polarimetric Radar Imaging

Author : Jong-Sen Lee

Publisher : CRC Press

Page : 422 pages

File Size : 50,62 MB

Release : 2017-12-19

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 1420054988

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Book Description

The recent launches of three fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) satellites have shown that polarimetric radar imaging can provide abundant data on the Earth’s environment, such as biomass and forest height estimation, snow cover mapping, glacier monitoring, and damage assessment. Written by two of the most recognized leaders in this field, Polarimetric Radar Imaging: From Basics to Applications presents polarimetric radar imaging and processing techniques and shows how to develop remote sensing applications using PolSAR imaging radar. The book provides a substantial and balanced introduction to the basic theory and advanced concepts of polarimetric scattering mechanisms, speckle statistics and speckle filtering, polarimetric information analysis and extraction techniques, and applications typical to radar polarimetric remote sensing. It explains the importance of wave polarization theory and the speckle phenomenon in the information retrieval problem of microwave imaging and inverse scattering. The authors demonstrate how to devise intelligent information extraction algorithms for remote sensing applications. They also describe more advanced polarimetric analysis techniques for polarimetric target decompositions, polarization orientation effects, polarimetric scattering modeling, speckle filtering, terrain and forest classification, manmade target analysis, and PolSAR interferometry. With sample PolSAR data sets and software available for download, this self-contained, hands-on book encourages you to analyze space-borne and airborne PolSAR and polarimetric interferometric SAR (Pol-InSAR) data and then develop applications using this data.



Radar Imaging of the Ocean Waves

Author : Mikhail B. Kanevsky

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 207 pages

File Size : 30,77 MB

Release : 2008-09-15

Category : Science

ISBN : 0080932517

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Book Description

This book is dedicated to studying the ocean with radar tools, in particular, with space radars. Being intended mainly for the scientists preoccupied with the problem (as well as senior course students), it concentrates and generalizes the knowledge scattered over specialized journals. The significant part of the book contains the results obtained by the author. Systematically collects and describes the approaches used by different laboratories and institutions Deals with the physics of radar imagery and specifically with ocean surface imagery Useful for students and researchers specializing in the area of ocean remote sensing using airborne or space-borne radars, both SAR and RAR