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Implementing Strategies to Enhance Public Health Surveillance of Physical Activity in the United States

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 197 pages

File Size : 45,40 MB

Release : 2019-07-19

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309492688

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Book Description

Physical activity has far-reaching benefits for physical, mental, emotional, and social health and well-being for all segments of the population. Despite these documented health benefits and previous efforts to promote physical activity in the U.S. population, most Americans do not meet current public health guidelines for physical activity. Surveillance in public health is the ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome-specific data, which can then be used for planning, implementation and evaluation of public health practice. Surveillance of physical activity is a core public health function that is necessary for monitoring population engagement in physical activity, including participation in physical activity initiatives. Surveillance activities are guided by standard protocols and are used to establish baseline data and to track implementation and evaluation of interventions, programs, and policies that aim to increase physical activity. However, physical activity is challenging to assess because it is a complex and multidimensional behavior that varies by type, intensity, setting, motives, and environmental and social influences. The lack of surveillance systems to assess both physical activity behaviors (including walking) and physical activity environments (such as the walkability of communities) is a critical gap. Implementing Strategies to Enhance Public Health Surveillance of Physical Activity in the United States develops strategies that support the implementation of recommended actions to improve national physical activity surveillance. This report also examines and builds upon existing recommended actions.



Educating the Student Body

Author : Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 503 pages

File Size : 35,3 MB

Release : 2013-11-13

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309283140

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Book Description

Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.



Physical Activity

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 276 pages

File Size : 14,49 MB

Release : 2015-11-10

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309378176

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Book Description

In 2008, the U.S. federal government issued fully approved physical activity guidelines for the first time. The idea that physical activity impacts health can be traced as far back as Hippocrates, and the science around the linkages between physical activity and health has continuously accumulated. On April 14-15, 2015, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Obesity Solutions held a 2-day workshop to explore the state of the science regarding the impact of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity and to highlight innovative strategies for promoting physical activity across different segments of the population. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop.



Implementing Physical Activity Strategies

Author : Russell R. Pate

Publisher : Human Kinetics

Page : 408 pages

File Size : 49,3 MB

Release : 2014-01-29

Category : Medical

ISBN : 1492583596

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Book Description

Developed through a partnership with the National Physical Activity Plan Alliance and the National Coalition for Promoting Physical Activity (NCPPA), Implementing Physical Activity Strategies profiles 42 physical activity programs that are helping people adopt more active and healthy lifestyles based on the U.S. National Physical Activity Plan (NPAP). This resource combines the expertise of editors Russell Pate and David Buchner as well as a host of respected researchers and practitioners well known for their long-term advocacy for a more physically active society. Implementing Physical Activity Strategies highlights innovative and proven physical activity programs under way in eight sectors: education; mass media; health care; parks, recreation, fitness, and sports; business and industry; public health; transportation, land use, and community design; and volunteer and nonprofit organizations. For each, readers will find an explanation of how the physical activity program was executed, how it aligns with the NPAP, the target population of the program, cross-sector collaborations and their benefits, and assessments of program effectiveness. A consistent presentation of information on each program makes this comprehensive reference easy to use. The text maintains a focus on topics such as cross-sector collaboration, tactics and troubleshooting tips, and how each program aligns with the NPAP. This ensures readers will find tools and information to bring success to their own initiatives. Many of the program profiles include sample press releases, ads, screen shots, photos, surveys, follow-up forms, and other hands-on materials to help readers more readily translate the ideas and materials of these programs into new physical activity initiatives. By sharing examples and case studies of proven programs, Implementing Physical Activity Strategies supports those seeking ways to bring the benefits of increased physical activity to their constituents: • Officials and managers in public health and health care • Volunteer and nonprofit organizations • Recreation, fitness, and sport leaders • Physical education teachers • Worksite health promotion advocates • Transportation, urban policy, and design workers Implementing Physical Activity Strategies offers a detailed look into exemplary programs that have brought about an increase in regular physical activity for individuals where they live, work, and play. Stimulate new ideas, inspire creativity and innovation, and set in motion new results-oriented physical activity initiatives with Implementing Physical Activity Strategies.



Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs

Author : Russell Carson

Publisher : Human Kinetics

Page : 409 pages

File Size : 18,4 MB

Release : 2019-03-12

Category : Medical

ISBN : 1492591181

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Book Description

Schools are the ideal place to promote and apply the recommended accumulation of 60 minutes of daily physical activity. But until now, it has been difficult to bridge the gap between research in this area and day-to-day practice in order to establish solid programs. That’s where Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs: Putting Research Into Evidence-Based Practice comes in. CSPAP Model Brought to Life The comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) model, originally outlined as a 2008 position statement by the National Association for Sport and Physical Education to promote physical activity throughout K-12, is brought to life through this comprehensive, all-in-one resource. In the decade since that position statement, CSPAP has been spreading through numerous initiatives, which have mobilized a CSPAP field of study and a national framework for physical activity and physical education. CSPAP acts as a hub, supporting physical activity through multiple components that can include physical education; physical activity before, during, and after school; staff involvement; and family and community engagement. Moreover, each CSPAP component can serve to strengthen and reinforce the academic goals of physical education. Accommodates Needs of Diverse Audiences Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs, published in association with SHAPE America, accommodates the growing needs of academic researchers, school practitioners, district coordinators, educators, advocates, organizations, university faculty, and students who want to learn more about CSPAP or undertake ways to increase daily physical activity opportunities in and around schools. The Text’s Strengths This text does all of the following and more: Synthesizes all the foundational and emerging research, theory, and practice on CSPAP Synthesizes all the foundational and emerging research, theory, and practice on CSPAP Provides a higher- and deeper-level look at the CSPAP model, as opposed to short reports and position papers, which contain limited strategies for schools Offers much more in-depth coverage of the CSPAP model by delving into assessment, evaluation, advocacy, policy, partnerships, international perspectives, technology, and more Diverse and Renowned Team of Contributors Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs was written by a diverse team of pioneers and leaders in the CSPAP field. This team brings national and international perspectives on all aspects related to implementing and maintaining CSPAP in K-12 schools. These recognized experts provide incisive guidance in, and understanding of, the most prominent concepts, issues, and developments in the field. Book Organization The text is organized into six sections: Part I provides the historical and foundational perspectives and policy landscapes of the CSPAP approach. Part II outlines internal, external, and psychological factors to consider in program design, implementation, and sustainability. In part III, the contributors examine and interpret the research on the effectiveness of established programs and previous interventions. Part IV highlights special considerations for effective programming within urban and rural settings, reviews current and ongoing international CSPAP initiatives, and addresses the application of the model to alternative contexts beyond the K-12 school setting. In part V, the contributors focus on using assessments to determine the physical activity promotion needs of a school community, on the instruments and procedures for measuring school-wide programming, and on the processes for evaluating and advocating for CSPAPs. Part VI examines current reform efforts within preprofessional programs in teacher education, reviews the tools and future potential for using technology to deliver and assess CSPAP efforts, and looks at future directions for the disciplines of study that inform the CSPAP knowledge base. Each chapter uses a format that opens with a review of current research, offers knowledge claims based on the research, notes knowledge gaps and directions for future research, offers evidence-based recommendations and applications, and concludes with questions to consider for discussion and case examples to demonstrate the practical recommendations. An Invaluable Resource The rapid growth of the field and the increasing number of diverse and exceptional scholars (many of whom are contributors to this book) are indications of the need for this resource. Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programs offers unique perspectives about how to generate and sustain successful initiatives to increase youth physical activity and promote long-term engagement in active behavior. It provides access to leading thought, invaluable tools, and challenging questions that will propel the CSPAP field to its next level of depth and clarity.



Legal Strategies in Childhood Obesity Prevention

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 104 pages

File Size : 38,37 MB

Release : 2011-08-08

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309210224

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Book Description

Since 1980, childhood obesity rates have more than tripled in the United States. Recent data show that almost one-third of children over 2 years of age are already overweight or obese. While the prevalence of childhood obesity appears to have plateaued in recent years, the magnitude of the problem remains unsustainably high and represents an enormous public health concern. All options for addressing the childhood obesity epidemic must therefore be explored. In the United States, legal approaches have successfully reduced other threats to public health, such as the lack of passive restraints in automobiles and the use of tobacco. The question then arises of whether laws, regulations, and litigation can likewise be used to change practices and policies that contribute to obesity. On October 21, 2010, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) held a workshop to bring together stakeholders to discuss the current and future legal strategies aimed at combating childhood obesity. Legal Strategies in Childhood Obesity Prevention summarizes the proceedings of that workshop. The report examines the challenges involved in implementing public health initiatives by using legal strategies to elicit change. It also discusses circumstances in which legal strategies are needed and effective. This workshop was created only to explore the boundaries of potential legal approaches to address childhood obesity, and therefore, does not contain recommendations for the use of such approaches.



Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 107 pages

File Size : 21,14 MB

Release : 2010-01-10

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309139279

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Book Description

The prevalence of childhood obesity is so high in the United States that it may reduce the life expectancy of today's generation of children. While parents and other adult caregivers play a fundamental role in teaching children about healthy behaviors, even the most positive efforts can be undermined by local environments that are poorly suited to supporting healthy behaviors. For example, many communities lack ready sources of healthy food choices, such as supermarkets and grocery stores. Or they may not provide safe places for children to walk or play. In such communities, even the most motivated child or adolescent may find it difficult to act in healthy ways. Local governments-with jurisdiction over many aspects of land use, food marketing, community planning, transportation, health and nutrition programs, and other community issues-are ideally positioned to promote behaviors that will help children and adolescents reach and maintain healthy weights. Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity presents a number of recommendations that touch on the vital role of government actions on all levels-federal, state, and local-in childhood obesity prevention. The book offers healthy eating and physical activity strategies for local governments to consider, making it an excellent resource for mayors, managers, commissioners, council members, county board members, and administrators.



Instant Recess

Author : Antronette K. Yancey

Publisher : Univ of California Press

Page : 279 pages

File Size : 28,98 MB

Release : 2010

Category : Family & Relationships

ISBN : 0520263758

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Book Description

"Toni Yancey''s book is a terrific tool as we work together to promote healthy and active lifestyles."_Bill Clinton "Instant Recess is a call to all of us to get up and move. Part personal memoir, part public health manifesto, and part poetry, Yancey''s warmth and enthusiasm shine through this book. I''m betting that she can convince anyone that moving more is not only good for health, but easy and lots of fun to do."_Marion Nestle, author of What to Eat "In Instant Recess, Dr. Yancey provides the tools to get America moving, in a very accessible style with the scientific research to back it up. Her call to incorporate short exercise breaks into routine, daily activities is one step that can create a true wellness society."_Senator Tom Harkin (D-IA), Chairman, Senate HELP Committee "Dr. Toni (Antronette) Yancey has influenced and impacted community health and fitness in a number of profound ways! Her book is a must read for anyone interested in living a longer, healthier, and more fulfilling life. Recently, at the First AME Church of Los Angeles, we incorporated a quick but effective fitness interlude into all three of our Sunday worship services. The enthusiastic response from our congregation was tremendous! Thank you, Dr. Yancey, for waking us up to the dangers of our sedentary lives and for awakening our desire to get into better physical shape."_Rev. Dr. John & Denise Hunter, Pastor and First Lady of First AME Church of Los Angeles, the White House-designated local lead agency for Michelle Obama''s Let''s Move LA "Instant Recess is a necessary part of a complex solution to our society''s epidemic of inactivity. It can work equally well in the corporate boardroom, school classroom, or for fans at a sporting event for that matter. It is a great place to start if we don''t want to leave anyone behind. I''m all for breaking our national inertia with a musical beat and a smile on our faces."_Dave Winfield, National Baseball Hall of Fame 2001, Executive Vice President and Senior Advisor, San Diego Padres "Dr. Yancey writes on a topic about which she is both passionate and knowledgeable. Doable in just about any setting, Instant Recess could get America moving again."_David Satcher, M.D., Ph.D., 16th Surgeon General of the United States "Instant Recess is an excellent, easy to read, informative book describing how we must all change our lifestyle patterns and incorporate activity into our day. Yancey poignantly shows why ''instant recesses'' are needed by corporate Americans, educators, public health and medical professionals. This isn''t just a simple how-to book, but also a how-come."_Francine Kaufman, Head of the Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles "For the average person who continues to yo-yo between the hype of miracle weight loss gimmicks and the allure of fast food franchises, Instant Recess offers an easy and free solution to creating a healthier lifestyle."_Sharon Baucom, Medical Director of the Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services for the State of Maryland "A thoughtful and innovative approach to community-wide physical activity from a lay person''s perspective. This book is well grounded in scientific evidence that is also contextualized in simple examples and in real life experiences people will be able to relate to."_Adrian Bauman, University of Sydney "I''ve seen everyone from curmudgeonly researchers and uptight bureaucrats to former elite athletes to avowed non-exercisers sucked in by the warm, inclusive energy and ease of her approach to getting people physically active. Most are smiling, some outright laughing as they rediscover the joy of moving. Thankfully, Toni captures the essence of that joy in her book, along with the practical guidance necessary to help anyone start making physical activity a part of their life and their community again."_Mark Fenton, PBS television host and author of The Complete Guide to Walking for Health, Weight Loss, and Fitness "I read Instant Recess and couldn_t help but jump for joy. Dr. Yancey_s got the recipe for success to help turn around the epidemic of inactivity in our country. Finally we have a book that shows Americans how to build that strong base of fitness, 10 minutes of hip hopping at a time. Now, if you_ll excuse me. It_s time for me to take my Instant Recess."_Pam Peeke MD, MPH, FACP, author of Body for Life for Women, Chief Medical Correspondent for Nutrition and Fitness, Discovery Health TV "Through the San Diego Padres organization we''ve worked with Dr. Toni Yancey for nearly 4 years on various healthy eating and fitness related projects ... Dr. Yancey is an educated, dynamic, trusted and respected colleague who has a thorough knowledge of public health issues. Her knowledge, advocacy and connection to community service organizations across the country has been key. She''s recruited a great number of them to enter the fight against childhood obesity by offering a wide variety of active lifestyles options. Influencing America to move towards healthy eating, better nutrition, and into her activity routine called Instant Recess is a significant and continuous task _ It''s a pleasure working with this former collegiate athlete, Ph.D. and public servant. We need more people like Dr. Toni Yancey combatting this nationwide health crisis."_David Winfield, member of the Baseball Hall of Fame, and Co-Director at UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity



Physical Activity and Public Health Practice

Author : Daniel B. Bornstein, PhD

Publisher : Springer Publishing Company

Page : 414 pages

File Size : 24,1 MB

Release : 2019-01-28

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0826134599

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Book Description

Physical Activity in Public Health Practice provides the first evidence-based, practical textbook to guide readers through the process of conceptualizing, justifying, implementing, and evaluating physical activity interventions across a broad array of settings and populations. Section One begins with an overview of epidemiology, measurement, critical milestones, and the importance of moving beyond individual-level physical activity intervention, to interventions aimed at policy-, systems-, and environmental-level changes. Section Two considers planning interventions across a variety of settings and populations, including general concepts for implementation and evaluation, how to build effective coalitions, steps for developing community-, regional- or state-level strategic plans, and effectively translating policy into practice. Section Three addresses how to implement physical activity strategies across a variety of settings, including worksites, faith-based settings, healthcare settings, schools, and parks and recreation. This section also provides guidance on the complexities and challenges of targeting interventions for specific populations, such as families, older adults, persons with disabilities, as well as different strategies for urban and rural populations. Lastly, Section Four outlines effective strategies for how to evaluate interventions depending upon impact, outcome, and cost evaluation, and dissemination models for your intervention. Presented from both a research and a practice perspective while discussing the best available research, this book provides the basis for planning and implementing physical activity programs that work and can build healthier communities. This hands-on text incorporates learning objectives, real-world examples, case studies, and bulleted lists whenever possible so that the content can be digested easily not only in undergraduate and graduate course settings but also by public health workers and other health educators in practice. Written by world experts and augmented by practical applications, this textbook prepares public health students and practitioners to develop effective interventions and spur greater physical activity in their communities. Key Features: Provides effective strategies for properly measuring and increasing physical activity in communities Demonstrates how to carry out physical activity interventions across a variety of settings, including schools, communities, worksites and many more Discusses methods for directing physical activity interventions to specific populations Delivers strategies for building successful partnerships and coalitions Practical group activities, exercises, discussion questions, audio podcast discussions, and a full instructor packet accompany the textbook



Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030

Author : World Health Organization

Publisher : World Health Organization

Page : 104 pages

File Size : 29,45 MB

Release : 2019-01-21

Category : Health & Fitness

ISBN : 9241514183

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Book Description

Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease stroke diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to prevent hypertension overweight and obesity and can improve mental health quality of life and well-being. In addition to the multiple health benefits of physical activity societies that are more active can generate additional returns on investment including a reduced use of fossil fuels cleaner air and less congested safer roads. These outcomes are interconnected with achieving the shared goals political priorities and ambition of the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. The new WHO global action plan to promote physical activity responds to the requests by countries for updated guidance and a framework of effective and feasible policy actions to increase physical activity at all levels. It also responds to requests for global leadership and stronger regional and national coordination and the need for a whole-of-society response to achieve a paradigm shift in both supporting and valuing all people being regularly active according to ability and across the life course. The action plan was developed through a worldwide consultation process involving governments and key stakeholders across multiple sectors including health sports transport urban design civil society academia and the private sector.