Indigenous Peoples and Diabetes


Book Description

Indigenous Peoples and Diabetes is a bold attempt to reframe the meaning of diabetes mellitus as a socio-political disorder from the perspective of Indigenous Peoples, community workers, medical anthropologists, and health professionals working and/or living in North America, Latin America, the Arctic, Australia, and the Indian Ocean. The anthology discusses the effects of social history on the etiology and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes within Indigenous experiences of cultural expansionism and colonial occupation. Indigenous narratives about the right to food, health, emotional experience, and the importance of networks of solidarity provide reflective critiques on community wellness, empowering individuals to regain control of their health, spiritual knowledge, and emotional liberty. The book is a paradigm-breaking endeavor because it challenges the widespread assumption that Indigenous Peoples all over the planet are inherently susceptible to sicken and die from degenerative ailments such as diabetes because of their faulty genotype, poor dietary habits, and sedentary lifestyle. Instead, the creative assemblage of chapters shifts the medical gaze from a potentially diseased body to a diseased colonial and post-colonial history of genocide practiced against Indigenous Peoples to this day. Innovative programs to combat the diabetes epidemic and promote physical and emotional wellness are discussed in detail, such as the Mino-Miijim 'Good Food for the Future' program on the White Earth Reservation in Minnesota; the Kahnawake School Diabetes Prevention Project developed in the Kanien'keha':ka (Mohawk) community of Kahnawake, near Montreal, Canada; and the Cultural Rebuilding Project at the Potawot Health Village in northern California. The authors are inspired by a strong commitment to a liberation medicine and to the belief that access to good food, respect for cultural traditions, and integrative therapies are basic human rights. This book is part of the Ethnographic Studies in Medical Anthropology Series, edited by Pamela J. Stewart and Andrew Strathern, Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh. "[E]xtremely valuable for anybody who is interested in health issues of indigenous peoples in North America... an important addition to the ethnographic literature." -- North Dakota Quarterly "[A]n innovative and important attempt to reframe the meaning of diabetes as a sociopolitical pathology among indigenous peoples." -- CHOICE Magazine




Indigenous Peoples and Dementia


Book Description

Dementia is on the rise around the world, and health organizations in Canada, the United States, and New Zealand are increasingly responding to the urgent need – voiced by communities and practitioners – for guidance on how best to address memory loss in Indigenous communities. Indigenous Peoples and Dementia responds to this call by bringing together, for the first time, research on three key areas of concern: prevalence, causes, and public discourse; Indigenous perspectives on care and prevention; and the culturally safe application of research to Elder care. The discussions are organized thematically and are complemented by teaching stories that impart Indigenous knowledge about memory loss and memory care. Presenting strategies for health practice and effective collaborative research informed by Indigenous knowledge and worldviews, this book is a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, students, and educators who seek a better understanding of memory loss and memory care.




Determinants of Indigenous Peoples' Health


Book Description

The health disparities affecting Indigenous peoples in Canada might well be understood as a national epidemic. Although progress has been made in the last decade towards both understanding and ameliorating Indigenous health inequalities, very little research or writing has expanded a social determinants of health framework to account for the unique histories and present realities of Indigenous peoples in this country. This timely edited collection addresses this significant knowledge gap, exploring the ways that multiple health determinants beyond the social-from colonialism to geography, from economy to biology-converge to impact the health status of Indigenous peoples in Canada. This unique collection, comprised largely of contributions by Indigenous authors, offers the voices and expertise of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis writers from across Canada. The multitude of health determinants of Indigenous peoples are considered in a selection of chapters that range from scholarly papers by research experts in the field, to reflective essays by Indigenous leaders. Appropriate throughout a range of disciplines, including Health Studies, Indigenous Studies, Public and Population Health, Community Health Sciences, Medicine, Nursing, and Social Work, this engaging text broadens the social determinants of health framework to better understand health inequality. Most importantly, it does so by placing front and center the voices and experiences of Indigenous peoples.




Determinants of Indigenous Peoples' Health, Second Edition


Book Description

Now in its second edition, Determinants of Indigenous Peoples’ Health adds current issues in environmental politics to the groundbreaking materials from the first edition. The text is a vibrant compilation of scholarly papers by research experts in the field, reflective essays by Indigenous leaders, and poetry that functions as a creative outlet for healing. This timely edited collection addresses the knowledge gap of the health inequalities unique to Indigenous peoples as a result of geography, colonialism, economy, and biology. In this revised edition, new pieces explore the relationship between Indigenous bodies and the land on which they reside, the impact of resource extraction on landscapes and livelihoods, and death and the complexities of intergenerational family relationships. This volume also offers an updated structure and a foreword by Dr. Evan Adams, Chief Medical Officer of the First Nations Health Authority. This is a vital resource for students in the disciplines of health studies, Indigenous studies, public and population health, community health sciences, medicine, nursing, and social work who want to broaden their understanding of the social determinants of health. Ultimately, this is a hopeful text that aspires to a future in which Indigenous peoples no longer embody health inequality.




Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities


Book Description

Adopting a truly global perspective and a practical approach to diabetes—including pathophysiology, genetics, regional peculiarities, management, prevention and best practices—this book is an excellent resource for clinicians and policy-makers working with patients in more austere settings. The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to increase from 422 million in 2014 to 592 million in 2035. Sadly, low- and middle-economy countries are projected to experience the steepest increase, but even in developed economies, vulnerable demographic subgroups manifest disparities in diabetes prevalence, quality of care, and outcomes. This book extends coverage to those underserved and minority communities in the developed world. In a consistent chapter format, it discusses classification, pathophysiology, genomics, diagnosis, prevention and management of diabetes in economically challenged regions as well as underserved populations in affluent nations. Suggestions regarding future directions in the organization of diabetes care delivery, prevention and research priorities are also provided. The detailed identification of barriers to optimal care and the practical approach to the management and prevention of diabetes make Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers and health policy leaders.




Biomapping Indigenous Peoples


Book Description

Where do our distant ancestors come from, and which routes did they travel around the globe as hunter–gatherers in prehistoric times? Genomics provides a fascinating insight into these questions and unlocks a mass of information carried by strands of DNA in each cell of the human body. For Indigenous peoples, scientific research of any kind evokes past – and not forgotten – suffering, racial and racist taxonomy, and, finally, dispossession. Survival of human cell lines outside the body clashes with traditional beliefs, as does the notion that DNA may tell a story different from their own creation story. Extracting and analysing DNA is a new science, barely a few decades old. In the medical field, it carries the promise of genetically adapted health-care. However, if this is to be done, genetic identity has to be defined first. While a narrow genetic definition might be usable by medical science, it does not do justice to Indigenous peoples’ cultural identity and raises the question of governmental benefits where their genetic identity is not strong enough. People migrate and intermix, and have always done so. Genomics trace the genes but not the cultures. Cultural survival – or revival – and Indigenous group cohesion are unrelated to DNA, explaining why Indigenous leaders adamantly refuse genetic testing. This book deals with the issues surrounding ‘biomapping’ the Indigenous, seen from the viewpoints of discourse analysts, historians, lawyers, anthropologists, sociologists, museum curators, health-care specialists, and Native researchers.




Diabetes as a Disease of Civilization


Book Description

No detailed description available for "Diabetes as a Disease of Civilization".




Improving Outcomes in Diabetic Foot Care - A Worldwide Perspective


Book Description

Enhanced population longevity, decrease in physical activity and the obesity pandemic have resulted in an increase in incidence of type 2 diabetes in all WHO health care areas. The prevalence of the condition has been further increased by an increase in life expectancy of those living with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes as a result of lifestyle and therapeutic interventions. Microvascular complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are related to duration of the condition and include neuropathy in 20% of cases in all cultures. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy in combination with propensity to distal peripheral vascular disease, poor healing, infection and foot deformities often result in foot ulceration and a uniquely high minor and major amputation risk. The risk for foot ulceration is modified by ethnicity (foot flexibility) and life style (footwear and culture of walking bare-foot). Once a deep diabetic foot ulcer has developed the epidermis, dermis, tendon insertions and bone architecture will never return to normal . The lack of resilience in the scar tissue formed and foot deformity after a deep ulcer will confer a high risk of re-ulceration-in fact previous foot ulceration is by far the highest risk factor for occurrence of a foot wound in persons living with diabetes.




The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus


Book Description

The first edition of this book gained recognition as the definitive textbook of diabetes epidemiology. The second edition builds on this success, gathering recent information on international trends and data for diabetes mellitus. In particular, the book highlights the dramatic rise of Type 2 diabetes in children, adolescents and the elderly throughout the world. One new section features prevention and screening of both Type1 and Type 2 diabetes. Other new chapters cover the epidemiology of obesity and the impact of nutrition, and review available guidelines for better worldwide glycemic control. Future challenges, including the effects of antipsychotic treatment and HIV infection and therapy on diabetes, are also addressed. All chapters have been completely revised and updated, covering: definitions, classification and risk factors for diabetes new evidence for screening and prevention of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes epidemiology of complications and associated risk factors economic aspects: the direct and indirect costs of diabetes. The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus fills the need for a current compendium of diabetes epidemiology in the tradition of the first monumental text of the late Kelly West. It is essential reading for general practitioners, diabetologists, clinical endocrinologists, cardiologists, epidemiologists, nurses, dieticians, and other diabetes care providers, as well as health care decision makers.




Walking Together, Working Together


Book Description

This collection takes a holistic view of well-being, seeking complementarities between Indigenous approaches to healing and Western biomedicine. Topics include traditional healers and approaches to treatment of disease and illness; traditional knowledge and intellectual property around medicinal plant knowledge; the role of diet and traditional foods in health promotion; culturally sensitive approaches to healing work with urban Indigenous populations; and integrating biomedicine, alternative therapies, and Indigenous healing in clinical practice. Throughout, the voices of Elders, healers, physicians, and scholars are in dialogue to promote Indigenous community well-being through collaboration. This book will be of interest to scholars in Indigenous Studies, medicine and public health, medical anthropology, and anyone promoting care delivery and public health in Indigenous communities. Contributors: Darlene P. Auger; Dorothy Badry; Janelle Marie Baker; Margaret David; Meda DeWitt; Hal Eagletail; Gary L. Ferguson; Marc Fonda; Annie I. Goose; Angela Grier; Leslie Main Johnson; Allison Kelliher; Rick Lightning; Mary Maje; Ann Maje Raider; Maria J. Mayan; Ruby E. Morgan, Luu Giss Yee; Richard T. Oster; Camille (Pablo) Russell; Ginetta Salvalaggio; Ellen L. Toth; Harry Watchmaker