Integrating Environmental Protection Into Exploration of Natural Resources in Nigeria


Book Description

Nigeria is blessed with abundant natural resources such as oil and gas, coal, minerals, cocoa, thick forests, rich soil for vegetation, animals, and good weather for human habitation. Nigeria is in fact Africa's leading oil producer and ranks in the top ten of oil producers in the world. While the exploration of these natural resources has generated immense financial benefits for the country, it has also created serious health and environmental problems. Individuals, families or communities have been affected in many ways including: loss of land, health problems, loss or damage to landed property, among others. Oil exploration in Nigeria has also led to the contamination of drinking water, destruction and extinction of wild life habitat, plants and marine life, fire outbreak, destruction of farmlands, other property and means of livelihood of the inhabitants, depletion of forests and zone layer and health risk to mankind. Accordingly, various concepts and control programmes have been formulated and implemented to ameliorate environmental problems associated with the exploration of these natural resources. But the reoccurring question is, how many of these policies are compatible with the very important concept of sustainable development? The focus of this paper is to examine the after effects of the exploration of the abundant natural resources in Nigeria, and the laws evolved to regulate them. The paper as well attempts to trace the evolution and application of the doctrine of sustainable development in Nigeria and to see if it has found a place in Nigerian environmental policies and laws.







Natural Resource Investment and Africa's Development


Book Description

'This book makes a significant contribution to the literature on natural resource law and governance by engaging specifically with the issues arising in the African region. It covers a wide spectrum of issues that are key to the sustainable use of natural resources in the region, thus making it an important resource for anyone interested in natural resource governance and economic development in the African region.' – Philippe Cullet, University of London, UK This well-researched book covers a wide spectrum of important issues that are central to investment in natural resources and ultimately, economic development of Africa. Francis Botchway and the expert contributors analyse the relationships between good governance and resource management, as well as the existing commercial and financial agreements. The environmental implication of resource exploitation and the international dimensions of the industry are also explored in this insightful study. Each comprehensive and concise contribution highlights the importance of transparency and equity in investment and management of natural resources. Natural Resource Investment and Africa's Development is essential material for scholars and students of development, environmental law, international economic law and dispute resolution, as well as any international investor in natural resources.




National Policy on the Environment


Book Description




Sustainable Utilization and Conservation of Africa’s Biological Resources and Environment


Book Description

This edited book highlights the potential and actual contributions of the sustainable management and utilization of indigenous biological resources and environment for the development of Africa. The book centers on documenting current trends and issues in the field of resource use and conservation with the view of emphasizing their benefits to the pursuit of development within the region. By documenting the array of natural resources and environment in Africa, this book addresses the topical knowledge and understanding gaps that characterize conservation (rationale for sustainable resource exploration), utilization patterns, and conservation challenges including policy status, environmental threats, impacts of tourism, reduction in food resources, etc., and their effects on the sustainable development of Africa. Through an integrated approach, the book focuses on below and above-ground biological resources and the diverse scales of environment that characterize Africa. This collection of works is very helpful for natural and social scientists, policymakers, strategists, researchers, government and non-government organizations, biodiversity and environmental managers, climate change scientists, practitioners, activists, conservationists, academics, ecologists, undergraduate and postgraduate students, and others who want to learn about and understand the best way to use and protect Africa's resources and heritage sustainably.




Environmental Justice: Pathways to Environmental Protection in Nigeria


Book Description

This is the Trilogy Collection; VOLUME THREE. It is part of the professional, educational and informational book; an effort to critique the ideological basis of climate change analysis, the brainchild of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and others. The book profers a unique socio-political, econo-cultural and legal perspective on the larger subject of the environment. Of major concern is their policy implications to the developing world's quest to industrialize in the 21st century or so soon thereafter. A greater premise of the thesis in this book contends that environmental advocates are far more effective if they understood the milieu, the underlining cultural dimensions, the motivating ethos, alien ideologies and programmes, cleverly strewn around the globe under the guise of sustainable development; instead rapid industrialization for the under-developed world, especially when all environment is local. Therefore, I posed many comparative and empirical alternatives aimed primarily at eliciting or deducing the diversity of viable solutions to better equip policymakers with multiple, alternative and/or base-loaded perspectives. I then attempt to explain how environmental justice benefit communities of individuals in many different ways in advancing sustainable industrialization, in deliberate preference to just sustainable development. In this regard and in furtherance of true democracy, government at the several and various levels must ensure the patronage and engagement of their very best for sustainable development. Therefore, in the broader sense of environmental justice, especially in the developing world's context, renewable energy should not be limited to natural (energy) resources alone, but also extended to the efficient human resources' energy use and sustainable living or development. Topics are carefully selected and succinctly dealt with in this book to cover as much interrelated grounds as possible, while staying true to the very essence of the thesis: Environmental justice. Accordingly, this book takes on an interconnected, the multi-disciplinary and integrative approach to environmental issues to finding Sustainable solutions to the myriad of problems facing humanity and communities today. Contrastingly, Sustainable development mostly concerns itself with the preservative interrelationship between humans and nature's environment including natural resources, in such manner as not to jeopardize the chances of future generations to also enjoy these resources. Therefore, sustainable development would also entail the concept of sensible land use and the efficient consumption of natural resources, so as to avoid its depletion. For instance, throughout America's history, federal land laws have reflected two visions of public and private land ownership. The American experience showed the tension between private ownerships and public interests in lands needing a multi-disciplinary approach to resolve the conflict. Unsurprisingly, the management of common resources occupied the center stage in the 60s and 70s. It may be safe to presume that leaders of the environmental movements of this era were understandably preservationists and conservationists: They were not profiteers. We must, therefore, be able to differentiate between the environmental conservatism that bothers on nature's environmental protection in reverence to its Creator, and the post-modernist (liberal) elements of environmentalism. The former is clearly advocated for in this book. Environmental conservatism concerns itself with the cultural, ethical and spiritual attributes of and to nature, in spite of scientific considerations or validations.




The Roles of All Tiers of Government and Development Partners in Environmental Conservation of Natural Resource


Book Description

Environmental damage usually comes back to development in one way or another and causes a development challenge. As the global demand for natural resources increases, human welfare and its implications relating to environmental degradation and exposure to environmental risks have caused many to lose their means of livelihood, triggering high level of poverty which remains a serious concern. However, globalization has played a central role in determining the future of the world. The role of globalization has proven to be essential to a nation's ability to yield the maximum potential from its available resources. The maximization of those resources generally leads to the improved economic development of the nation; wellbeing of man and the sustenance of his livelihood are closely associated with the natural resources base. Consequently, there is a global concern for natural resources protection and conservation so that man can continue to sustain his livelihood. Part of the overall development activities of man is industrial growth. As desirable as industries are, their growth is associated with deleterious consequences. This paper examined the threatened natural resources by mans various activities and call on all tiers of Government and Development partners on the need for natural resources conservation in Nigeria. This revealed that industrialisation and its concomitant urbanisation has brought to mans environment such negative factors like loss of biodiversity, enhanced greenhouse warming, desertification, drought, water and air pollution and accumulation of toxic wastes. It is believed that well conserved natural resources will bring economic, social, visual, and aesthetic benefits that guarantee sound and qualitative health of inhabitants. It concludes that conservation of African biodiversity has come to the fore due to its numerous cultural, scientific and economic values. Also, environmental protection regulations should be intensified to protect the environment from excesses exploitations and for sustainable development. This can be achieved principally through recognition, understanding, appreciating and/or integration of endogenous technologies with exogenous technologies whose synergies are capable of enhancing conservation of natural resource base.




Innovation in Climate Change Adaptation


Book Description

This book introduces innovative approaches to pursue climate change adaptation and to support the long-term implementation of climate change policies. Offering new case studies and data, as well as projects and initiatives implemented across the globe, the contributors present new tools, approaches and methods to pursue and facilitate innovation in climate change adaptation.




Our Common Future


Book Description




Environmental Justice: Pathways to Environmental Protection in Nigeria


Book Description

This is the Trilogy Collection; VOLUME ONE. It is part of the professional, educational and informational book; an effort to critique the ideological basis of climate change analysis, the brainchild of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and others. The book profers a unique socio-political, econo-cultural and legal perspective on the larger subject of the environment. Of major concern is their policy implications to the developing world's quest to industrialize in the 21st century or so soon thereafter. A greater premise of the thesis in this book contends that environmental advocates are far more effective if they understood the milieu, the underlining cultural dimensions, the motivating ethos, alien ideologies, and programmes, cleverly strewn around the globe under the guise of sustainable development; instead rapid industrialization for the under-developed world, especially when all environment is local. Therefore, I posed many comparative and empirical alternatives aimed primarily at eliciting or deducing the diversity of viable solutions to better equip policymakers with multiple, alternative and/or base-loaded perspectives.I then attempt to explain how environmental justice benefit communities of individuals in many different ways in advancing sustainable industrialization, in deliberate preference to just sustainable development. In this regard and in furtherance of true democracy, government at the several and various levels must ensure the patronage and engagement of their very best for sustainable development. Therefore, in the broader sense of environmental justice, especially in the developing world's context, renewable energy should not be limited to natural (energy) resources alone, but also extended to the efficient human resources' energy use and sustainable living or development.Topics are carefully selected and succinctly dealt with in this book to cover as much interrelated grounds as possible, while staying true to the very essence of the thesis: Environmental justice. Accordingly, this book takes on an interconnected, the multi-disciplinary and integrative approach to environmental issues to finding Sustainable solutions to the myriad of problems facing humanity and communities today.Contrastingly, Sustainable development mostly concerns itself with the preservative interrelationship between humans and nature's environment including natural resources, in such manner as not to jeopardize the chances of future generations to also enjoy these resources. Therefore, sustainable development would also entail the concept of sensible land use and the efficient consumption of natural resources, so as to avoid its depletion. For instance, throughout America's history, federal land laws have reflected two visions of public and private land ownership. The American experience showed the tension between private ownerships and public interests in lands needing a multi-disciplinary approach to resolve the conflict.Unsurprisingly, the management of common resources occupied the center stage in the 60s and 70s. It may be safe to presume that leaders of the environmental movements of this era were understandably preservationists and conservationists: They were not profiteers. We must, therefore, be able to differentiate between the environmental conservatism that bothers on nature's environmental protection in reverence to its Creator, and the post-modernist (liberal) elements of environmentalism. The former is clearly advocated for in this book. Environmental conservatism concerns itself with the cultural, ethical and spiritual attributes of and to nature, in spite of scientific considerations or validations.