Thermal Design Principles of Spacecraft and Entry Bodies


Book Description

Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 21: Thermal Design Principles of Spacecraft and Entry Bodies is a collection of technical papers drawn mainly from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Third Thermophysics Specialist Conference, held in Los Angeles, California on June 24-26, 1968 This volume is divided into three parts. The first part covers some aspects of thermal processes and design, including thermal analysis, convection, radiation, ablation, and space rocket effects. The second part surveys the remote measurements of the thermophysical and thermal radiation properties and joint conductance, which are critical criteria for space thermal design. The third part focuses on the space environmental effects on thermal coatings. This part deals first with the theory of radiative degradation, followed by a presentation of the laboratory measurements. This part also looks into the results of several flight experiments. This book will be of great value to thermophysicists, space engineers, and designers who are working in the space science fields.




Experimental Determination of Potential Lunar Surface Organic Contamination in the Lunar Module Descent-engine Exhaust


Book Description

The objective of the Lunar Module Descent-Engine Exhaust-Gas Sampling Program was to analyze the organic combustion products generated by the lunar module descent engine. From a cosmo-chemical and geochemical viewpoint, the carbonaceous compounds of higher molecular weight were of particular interest. Phase I of the program consisted of fabricating and test firing a model rocket engine to gain preliminary experience with the sample collection system. Phase II of the program consisted of the installation and use of the sample collection system to analyze lunar module descent-engine exhaust. Several series of samples collected from the exhausts of the model rocket engine and the lunar module descent engine were analyzed by various methods, especially high-resolution mass spectrometry. Virtually all lunar module descent-engine exhaust products were found to be low-molecular-weight nitrogen compounds.










Apollo 17


Book Description

The Apollo 17 flight and lunar landing, the sixth and final lunar landing and third extended science capability mission in the Apollo Program, are discussed with emphasis on the scientific endeavors conducted on the lunar surface. The scientific investigation of the mission is presented in three interrelated types of activities: the lunar surface sampling and observation, the lunar surface experiments, and the inflight experiments. Collection, documentation, and description of the lunar samples are discussed with a preliminary evaluation and analysis. The lunar surface experiments are described, including the results and their relationship to the scientific objectives of each experiment. The geochemical, photographic, geophysical, topographic, and medical data resulting from experiments conducted in flight are presented.




Apollo 12 Preliminary Science Report


Book Description

The Apollo 11 Mission, primarily designed to land men on the Moon and return them safely to Earth, signaled a new phase of the manned space program. Based on the success of Apollo 11, the first of a series of missions designed for the systematic exploration of the Moon was successfully accomplished on Apollo 12. The fact that the Apollo 12 astronauts were able to achieve a pinpoint landing at a preselected site, and then spend an extended time on the lunar surface, graphically illustrates the rapid progress of the Apollo program. The Apollo 12 mission added significantly to man's knowledge of the Moon. The precise landing capability allowed the crew to accomplish a wide variety of preplanned tasks and paved the way for planning future missions to smaller, more selected landing areas with the possibility of significant scientific returns. The publication includes chapters on mission description, summary of scientific results, photographic summary of the Apollo 12 Mission, crew observations, passive seismic experiment, lunar surface magnetometer experiment, the solar-wind spectrometer experiment, suprathermal ion detector experiment (lunar ionosphere detector), cold cathode gage (lunar atmosphere detector), the solar-wind composition experiment, Apollo 12 multispectral photography experiment, preliminary geologic investigation of the Apollo 12 landing site, lunar surface closeup stereoscopic photography, preliminary examination of lunar samples, and preliminary results from Surveyor 3 analysis.







NASA SP.


Book Description