Intermediaries in Commercial Law


Book Description

This book is the first to examine intermediaries in a holistic and systematic manner. The classical model of face-to-face contracting between two individuals is no longer dominant. Instead, deals frequently involve a number of parties, often acting through intermediaries. As a result, it is important to understand the role and power of intermediaries. Intermediaries tend to be considered within discrete silos of the law. But by focussing upon a particular, narrow area of law, lessons are not learned from analogous situations. This book takes a broader approach, and looks across the traditional boundaries of private law in order to gain a proper assessment of the role played by intermediaries. A wide range of jurisdictions and topical issues are discussed in order to illuminate the role intermediaries play in commercial law. For example, the continued growth of electronic commerce requires consideration of the role of websites and other platforms as intermediaries. And developments in artificial intelligence raise the prospect of intermediaries being non-human actors. All these issues are subject to rigorous analysis by the expert contributors to this book.




Intermediation and Beyond


Book Description

The global shift from the direct holding of securities by investors to the current intermediated holding system raises many important legal issues. These include the impact of the intermediated holding system on the rights of investors, and the enforcement of those rights against intermediaries and issuers. The cross-border nature of many holding patterns adds another layer of complexity to these issues, and reduces legal certainty. Against this, intermediation offers benefits for many investors, including the ability to hold a cross-border portfolio with one intermediary, a reduction in costs and the facilitation of the use of securities in the collateral, repo, and securities lending markets. This book covers a number of legal topics relating to intermediated securities including the history of intermediation, the benefits and problems in the current intermediated holding system, and how future legal and technological developments could help to resolve these problems while retaining the benefits of intermediation. It also examines the possible impact of FinTech on this area, in particular the potential for Blockchain to be used in the issuing, holding and settlement of securities, the extent to which this will solve some of the difficulties that currently exist, and whether the use of Blockchain will create new difficulties that will need to be overcome. This book, which originated in a series of workshops organised by the Commercial Law Centre at Harris Manchester College, Oxford, will appeal to those interested in financial and corporate law, including academics, practitioners, policy makers and students.




Keeping Pace with Change: Fintech and the Evolution of Commercial Law


Book Description

This note explores the interactions between new technologies with key areas of commercial law and potential legal changes to respond to new developments in technology and businesses. Inspired by the Bali Fintech Agenda, this note argues that country authorities need to closely examine the adequacy of their legal frameworks to accommodate the use of new technologies and implement necessary legal reform so as to reap the benefits of fintech while mitigating risks. Given the cross-border nature of new technologies, international cooperation among all relevant stakeholders is critical. The note is structured as follows: Section II describes the relations between technology, business, and law, Section III discusses the nature and functions of commercial law; Section IV provides a brief overview of developments in fintech; Section V examines the interaction between technology and commercial law; and Section VI concludes with a preliminary agenda for legal reform to accommodate the use of new technologies.




Oxford Handbook of Online Intermediary Liability


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive, authoritative, and state-of-the-art discussion of fundamental legal issues in intermediary liability online, while also describing advancement in intermediary liability theory and identifying recent policy trends.




Intermediated Securities


Book Description

In today's financial markets, investors no longer hold securities physically. Instead, securities such as shares or bonds are mostly held through intermediaries and transferred by way of book-entries on securities accounts. However, there are remarkable conceptual differences between the various jurisdictions with regard to the legal treatment of intermediated securities. It is widely agreed that this patchwork creates considerable legal risks, especially in cross-border situations. Two initiatives are in place to reduce these risks. In 2009, the UNIDROIT Convention on Substantive Rules for Intermediated Securities (the 'Geneva Securities Convention') was adopted, aimed at harmonisation on the international level. The EU Commission is also running a legislative project, to achieve harmonisation at the regional level. This book compares both initiatives and analyses their impact on the securities laws of selected European jurisdictions.




Intermediaries in Commercial Law


Book Description

"The papers in this book were presented at the UCL Bentham House Conference 2021 on 10 and 11 June 2021, which was held over Zoom. We are very grateful for the generous support of the Faculty of Laws, UCL, and to all those who participated in the conference for helping to improve the final product. That UCL conference was the first in a biennial series of conferences on different aspects of commercial law, organised in collaboration with City University of Hong Kong, Notre Dame Law School and the National University of Singapore ..."--ECIP preface.




Intellectual Property Liability of Consumers, Facilitators, and Intermediaries


Book Description

The involvement of the Institute of European Studies of Macau (IEEM) in matters of intellectual property is based on annual conferences that take up topical issues of intellectual property from a comparative perspective with a particular focus on Asia and Europe. The first of these conferences was held back in 2000, and has meanwhile become an annual event complemented by an Intellectual Property School and IP Master Classes. All three venues serve as a platform for academic teaching and discussion on intellectual property awareness and the proper place and function of intellectual property law in the context of society and public interest.




The Future of Commercial Law


Book Description

"The papers collected in this volume derive from a Society of Legal Scholars (SLS) seminar held at the College of St Hilde and St Bede at Durham University on 27-28 February 2017. The seminar was convened under the auspices of Durham Law School's Institute for Commercial and Corporate Law"--ECIP Introduction.




Comprehensive Commercial Law


Book Description

COMPREHENSIVE COMMERCIAL LAW 2022 STATUTORY SUPPLEMENT




Intermediated Securities


Book Description

Globally, there has been a shift from securities being held directly by an investor, to a situation in which many securities are held via an intermediary. The existence of one or more intermediaries between the investor and the issuer has a potentially significant impact on the rights of the investor, the role and obligations of the issuer, and on the position and responsibilities of the intermediary. However, different jurisdictions have dealt with the issues arising from intermediation in a variety of ways. In the UK, for example, the concept of a trust is used to explain the different rights and obligations which arise in this scenario, whereas in the US the issues have been addressed by legislation, in the form of UCC Article 8. This variety is problematic, given that it is possible for an investor to hold securities in a number of different jurisdictions. A new UNIDROIT Convention on the issue of Intermediated Securities, the Geneva Securities Convention 2009, aims to create a common framework for dealing with these issues. This collection of essays explores the issues that arise when securities are held via an intermediary, and in particular assesses the solutions put forward by the new Convention on this issue. It will be essential reading for practitioners and academics.