International Migration and Economic Integration


Book Description

This essential volume examines the influence of immigrants on the process of international economic integration specifically, their influences on bilateral and multilateral trade flows. It extends beyond the identification and explanation of the immigrant trade link and offers a more expansive treatment of the subject matter, making it the most comprehensive volume of its kind. The authors present abundant evidence that supports the notion that immigrants exert positive influences on trade between their home and host countries and demonstrate that while the immigrant trade link may not be universal, the operability of the link depends on the conditions with which immigrants the world over are met. Applying the augmented gravity model to data on trade and migration, International Migration and Economic Integration provides answers to the following questions: Do immigrants exert positive influences on trade between their respective host and home countries? Are the effects of immigrants on trade homogenous across different immigrant entry classifications? Do the influences of immigrants on trade in goods extend to trade in services? Are these influences homogenous across product types and industry/sector classifications? Do differences in relative levels of economic and/or social development for immigrants host and/or home countries affect the existence or the magnitude of the immigrant trade link? Have immigration policies and changes in such policies influenced the immigrant-trade relationship? Do cultural differences between immigrants home and host countries inhibit trade flows and, if so, to what extent do the pro-trade influences of immigrants counter the trade-inhibiting effects of cultural distance? Is there variation in the pro-trade influences of immigrants across migration corridors? Is the influence of immigrants on trade conditional on the volume of trade taking place between their host and home countries? Are the effects of immigrants (emigrants) on trade universal? What factors/conditions correlate with the existence and operability of the immigrant trade relationship? Though ideally suited to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in international trade, international economics, public policy, sociology and international relations and their professors, this engaging work will also be relevant for anyone outside of academia who is interested in public policy, immigration, or international relations.




Immigration and Regional Integration in a Globalizing World


Book Description

In Immigration and Regional Integration in a Globalizing World, Christopher White makes an important contribution to the immigration debate by investigating the relationship between two of the most important forces shaping the current international system—international migration and regional integration. The ability to manage the movement of people across national borders is considered one of the primary responsibilities of the nation-state, but international migration always involves more than one country. The world has become increasingly globalized and international migration has followed suit. The vast majority of states have come to realize that successful and effective migration policies involve cooperation and coordination with other states, sometimes by choice and sometimes by necessity. However, these efforts, both regionally and globally, are often highly contentious and result in conflict internally and externally. Managing migration and integration are key concerns for governments in nearly every region of the world and will take on even greater importance as globalization and technological advances shrink distances and bring us closer together. White uses an evidence-based approach to understanding immigration and economic integration to debunk the “migration myth” that sees a strong connection between these two factors. Contrary to prevailing assumptions, the main argument is that there is no substantial relationship between the international migration and regional integration, despite the political rhetoric that generates enormous fear and anxiety surrounding these issues. Instead of conflating them, countries can consider the benefits of integration policies without worrying about migration and can consider migration policies without concern for integration. This book is for anyone concerned about the issue of immigration and its relationship to trade liberalization and regional integration.




Globalization in Historical Perspective


Book Description

As awareness of the process of globalization grows and the study of its effects becomes increasingly important to governments and businesses (as well as to a sizable opposition), the need for historical understanding also increases. Despite the importance of the topic, few attempts have been made to present a long-term economic analysis of the phenomenon, one that frames the issue by examining its place in the long history of international integration. This volume collects eleven papers doing exactly that and more. The first group of essays explores how the process of globalization can be measured in terms of the long-term integration of different markets-from the markets for goods and commodities to those for labor and capital, and from the sixteenth century to the present. The second set of contributions places this knowledge in a wider context, examining some of the trends and questions that have emerged as markets converge and diverge: the roles of technology and geography are both considered, along with the controversial issues of globalization's effects on inequality and social justice and the roles of political institutions in responding to them. The final group of essays addresses the international financial systems that play such a large part in guiding the process of globalization, considering the influence of exchange rate regimes, financial development, financial crises, and the architecture of the international financial system itself. This volume reveals a much larger picture of the process of globalization, one that stretches from the establishment of a global economic system during the nineteenth century through the disruptions of two world wars and the Great Depression into the present day. The keen analysis, insight, and wisdom in this volume will have something to offer a wide range of readers interested in this important issue.




Crossing Borders


Book Description

Published in 1998. Migration patterns at the global level have become more complex, affecting more countries, more people and for a greater variety of reasons. Consequently, international migration is receiving increasing attention throughout the world. Migration is an inherently spatial phenomenon. But while the spatial patterns themselves have been described in recent surveys of global contemporary international migration, the causes and consequences of the spatial patterns have received surprisingly little systematic attention. Often migration is seen just from a host country perspective, or from a sending country perspective, without explicit consideration of the sub-national origin and destinations of the flows or linkages between countries. It is well known that migration flows follow certain gravity-like properties, that there is chain migration, that certain regions attract more migrants than others, that migrants are highly urbanised, and that within urban areas there are also concentrations of migrants leading to a reshaping of the urban landscape. However, such observations are often the result of purely descriptive research or case study research. Consequently, there is still a need for an integrated multi-disciplinary study of the spatial impact and the resulting socio-economic and political issues concerning migration. This book aims to fill this gap by bringing together a collection of papers which are primarily concerned with the spatial impact of contemporary international migration patterns, or with related issues. The topics of the papers are wide ranging and the focus varies from broad international perspectives to specific urban areas. Two general themes run through the papers. The first of these is that migration is an inherently dynamic process which may have either equilibrating or self-reinforcing (cumulative) effects. The importance of considering international migration in a dynamic context has come to the fore in several theoretical frameworks which are available in the literature to study this phenomenon. The second major theme of the book is the emphasis on the importance of personal networks in shaping international migration patterns, leading to pronounced clusters of (urban) areas from which migrants are drawn and of migrant settlement.







Migration, Free Trade and Regional Integration in North America


Book Description

This publication explores the links between trade liberalisation and migration movements in North America and discusses the issue of whether the free circulation of persons accompany the successive stages of regional economic integration.




Economic Integration and Security


Book Description

From the increasing number of migrants in the world and the diversification of the sources of the migrants, to the difficulties that indus- trialized countries have experienced in processing asylum requests, the rise in xenophobia and the strong demand for human capital, international migration has become an unavoidable problem for many economic and political planners. [...] United Nations High Commission for Refugees, and two In the pages that follow, we will present and ana- legal instruments - the 1951 Convention Relating to lyze emerging trends in the multilateral management the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol Relating of international migration, with a special focus on to the Status of Refugees - which broadened the scope the European Union and North Ame [...] The creation of the World regard the very mitigated support that the International Trade Organization has also contributed to the grow- Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All ing importance of law in international relations. [...] For Canada, multilateral management of interna- In short, initiatives for restrictive control of interna- tional migration began in the 1990s with its partici- tional migration seem to be increasing, both because of pation in the Puebla Process, at about the same time the growing number of countries and regions involved that bilateral cooperation with the United States was and because of the commi [...] Reflections on the risks for the zations, chambers of commerce and business associa- integrity, values and traditions of society - that is to tions, particularly in the services sector, have been say "societal security," to use a highly controversial trying to impress upon their governments the impor- expression - of integration questions and of the tance of recruiting workers and of adopting vari.




International Migration, Economic Development & Policy


Book Description

International migration has become acentral element of international relations and global integration due to its rapidly increasing economic, social, and cultural impact in both source and destination countries. This book provides new evidence on the impact of migration and remittances on several development indicators, including innovative thinking about thenexus between migration and birth rates. In addition, the book identifies the effect of host country policies on migration flows, examines the determinants of return and repeat migration, and explores the degree of success of return migrants upon return to their country of origin.







European Economic Integration, Wto Membership, Immigration and Offshoring


Book Description

This volume is a collection of papers that apply general equilibrium theory in order to obtain policy relevant insights on topical issues of international trade and migration. The first set of papers focuses on European integration, applying dynamic numerical general equilibrium methods to quantify the effects of geographic extension of the European Union, including the effects of Eastern enlargement of the EU on incumbent Western member countries. The second set of papers deals with the trade effects of WTO membership, with special focus on the so-called extensive country margin, where new international trading relationships are formed. The third set of papers focuses on immigration, offering a rigorous theoretical analysis of the so-called immigration surplus as well as an econometric estimation of the gains and pain that Germany has forgone by initially restricting immigration from new EU member countries after the EU''s Eastern enlargement in 2004. And finally, the book contains a set of theoretical papers on the distributional effects of offshoring. Contents: Introduction; Modeling EU-Type Economic Integration: Eastern Enlargement of the EU: Eastern Enlargement of the EU: Jobs, Investment and Welfare in Present Member Countries (Ben J Heijdra, Christian Keuschnigg and Wilhelm Kohler); Eastern Enlargement of the EU: A Comprehensive Welfare Assessment (Wilhelm Kohler); The Role of Distance and WTO Membership for Trade: Exploring the Intensive and Extensive Margins of World Trade (Gabriel J Felbermayr and Wilhelm Kohler); WTO Membership and the Extensive Margin of World Trade: New Evidence (Gabriel J Felbermayr and Wilhelm Kohler); Offshoring: A New Form of Trade, Conventional Mechanisms?: The Distributional Effects of International Fragmentation (Wilhelm Kohler); Aspects of International Fragmentation (Wilhelm Kohler); International Outsourcing and Factor Prices with Multistage Production (Wilhelm Kohler); The Bazaar Effect, Unbundling of Comparative Advantage, and Migration (Wilhelm Kohler); International Migration: Gains and Pains?: Immigration and Native Welfare (Gabriel J Felbermayr and Wilhelm Kohler); Can International Migration Ever Be Made a Pareto Improvement? (Gabriel Felbermayr and Wilhelm Kohler); Restrictive Immigration Policy in Germany: Pains and Gains Foregone? (Gabriel Felbermayr, Wido Geis and Wilhelm Kohler). Readership: Postgraduate students and researchers in the field of international economics.