The Science of Composting


Book Description

The European Union initially demonstrated its interest in waste in the late 70s with the progamme on Waste Recycling Research and Development. At that time composting was only present as a coordination activity and it was only later that specific research programmes in the area were within Europe which was largely instrumental in setting up a series of European conferences, seminars and work shops. Some of these have resulted in publications which have made significant contributions to developments in the understanding of composting and the use of composts. In particular the outputs from meetings in Oxford ( 1984), Udine (1986), Neresheim ( 1988) and Angers ( 1991) are worthy of note. Composting has seen significant changes since the 70s when the major thrust in Europe was using mixed municipal solid waste as a feed material. Many com posting plants which were built to use this material were closed due to the poor quality of the compost which made it very difficult to market. As a result the main areas of interest, as far as the municipa1ities are concemed, are now with biowaste and source-separated organics. This interest is apparent from the many new plants which are being constructed across Europe, and the ready market which exists for the products. In parallel with the renewed interest of the municipalities other areas, such as agriculture and the wastewater treatment industries, are also developing their own schemes.







The Science of Composting


Book Description

The European Union initially demonstrated its interest in waste in the late 70s with the progamme on Waste Recycling Research and Development. At that time composting was only present as a coordination activity and it was only later that specific research programmes in the area were within Europe which was largely instrumental in setting up a series of European conferences, seminars and work shops. Some of these have resulted in publications which have made significant contributions to developments in the understanding of composting and the use of composts. In particular the outputs from meetings in Oxford ( 1984), Udine (1986), Neresheim ( 1988) and Angers ( 1991) are worthy of note. Composting has seen significant changes since the 70s when the major thrust in Europe was using mixed municipal solid waste as a feed material. Many com posting plants which were built to use this material were closed due to the poor quality of the compost which made it very difficult to market. As a result the main areas of interest, as far as the municipa1ities are concemed, are now with biowaste and source-separated organics. This interest is apparent from the many new plants which are being constructed across Europe, and the ready market which exists for the products. In parallel with the renewed interest of the municipalities other areas, such as agriculture and the wastewater treatment industries, are also developing their own schemes.







Waste-to-Resources 2017


Book Description

The industry initiative Climate Protection through Recycling (Circular Economy) e.V. is an association of members from all relevant organizations of the waste and recycling industry as well as large and small, private and municipal waste management companies but also other actors from NRW. With the founding of the association the waste management industry in NRW has set itself the objective to jointly continue to develop their climate-related innovations and technology, services, projects and objectives under this one roof, and thus also supporting KlimaExpo.NRW a project of the Government of North Rhine-Westphalia on a long-term basis. This way, the successful transformation process of the disposal industry will continue, and recent significant contributions of the recycling economy towards climate protection can be secured and expanded even further.




International Symposium MBT 2007


Book Description

From the 22nd to the 24th of May around 300 participants from 37 countries came together in Hanover for the 2nd International Symposium MBT and Automatic Waste Sorting 2007. This symposium organised by Wasteconsult has established itself to the most recognised conference about mechanical and biological treatment (MBT) of waste. Not only in Europe, but also in developing and emerging countries, there is an increasing interest in the MBT technology as presentations from India, Thailand and Iran have shown. In addition to material separation for recycling and energy recovery the production of compost from mixed municipal solid waste is a frequent treatment goal in these countries. The majority of the presenters and participants came from Western Europe and Australia. It can be assumed that the MBT capacities will increase significantly in these countries in coming years. Also, an MBT plant could there be considerably cheaper than in Germany partly due to lower requirements (e.g. exhaust gas treatment and landfill criteria) and due to other objective targets of the plants. The symposium did not only deal with the current situation of MBT plants but it also set a another focus on the increasing recovery and quality improvement of utilisable material streams due to sensor-based sorting techniques and optimised processing techniques. In the short term, there is a demand for improvement particularly at the high-calorific fraction to produce products in the line of the market. The main chapters of the proceedings are: I. General and International Aspects of MBT II. Short Presentations (of different process techniques) III. MBT Experiences and Optimisation IV. Mechanical Treatment and Automatic Sorting V. Fuels (RDF) and Recycled Materials VI. Biological Treatment VII. Sampling and Analytical Methods VIII. Emissions and Emission Treatment IX. Posters