Knowledge and Social Capital


Book Description

Social capital - the informal networks, trust and common understanding among individuals in an organization - determines major competitive advantages in today's networked economy. Knowledge and Social Capital explains how social capital can drive collaboration, reconcile an organization's internal and external labor markets, and improve organizational effectiveness. This edited compilation of authoritative articles helps readers understand how they can build and capitalize on their own organizations' social capital. Knowledge and Social Capital teaches core principles and important strategies to a range of executives, including organizational development specialists, corporate strategists, and knowledge management professionals. Readers will learn how an organization can:




Relationship Economics


Book Description

In a 24/7 world and a global economy, there is no doubt that relationships impact virtually every economic transaction. In Relationship Economics, Lindon Robison and Bryan Ritchie argue that what needs to be understood is not just whether relationships matter (which, of course, they do), but also, how much, and in what circumstances they should matter. Providing a rigorous and measurable definition of the way that relationships among individuals create a capital, social capital, that can be saved, spent, and used like other forms of capital, Robison and Ritchie use numerous examples and insightful analysis, to explain how social capital shapes our ability to reduce poverty, understand corruption, encourage democracy, facilitate income equality, and respond to globalization. The first part of the book explains how social capital can be manipulated, stored, expended, and invested. The second part explores how levels of social capital within relationships influence economic transactions both positively and negatively, which in turn shape poverty levels, economic efficiency, levels and types of political participation, and institutional structures.




Social Capital


Book Description

For this book Bartkus and Davis assembled the social capital equivalent of the New York Yankees slugger s row of the 1950s, recruiting some of the best Hall of Fame hitters around along with a number of future stars still early in their careers. The result is a good reflection of the current state of the literature on social capital. Robert D. Putnam, Harvard University, US Social capital is widely used and sometimes mis-used by scholars, policymakers, and the general public. The time has come for thoughtful reflection, synthesis, and informed criticism regarding this important concept. Bartkus and Davis have developed a ground-breaking collection of essays exploring the ideas and evidence underpinning social capital. Denise M. Rousseau, Carnegie Mellon University, US At heart, social capital is a simple concept that relationships matter. Bartkus and Davis foster a vibrant debate among leading scholars as to the critical definition, creation, and consequences of social capital. I commend Bartkus and Davis for their interdisciplinary efforts, for there is no more important challenge facing the social sciences today than the exploration of trust and social capital in our society. Father Theodore Hesburgh, University of Notre Dame, US Social capital has taken the social sciences by storm yet remains fraught with controversy. Despite its complexity and conceptual difficulties, the persistent interest in social capital arises from the fact that it helps us make sense of why people do what they do. This book showcases new innovative research in economics, politics, sociology, and management regarding the topic. Leading scholars from a variety of disciplines present ground-breaking new research exploring the still-undiscovered value of social capital. The book employs a self-consciously multi-disciplinary approach to address two objectives: reaching out and reaching in. Through theoretical and empirical scholarship, the authors explore the many contexts in which the phenomenon can have impact. In effect, social capital research reaches out to issues of economic well-being, civic participation, educational achievement, knowledge and norm formation, and competitive advantage. Further, the authors investigate the many connections between the core themes of social capital and the pillars on which it rests, including structural networks, cognition, relationships and trust. This book is fundamentally about bridging bridging across disciplines, units of analysis, and themes. Scholars, students, and other interested readers from the social sciences and management will find this book challenging and illuminating.




Social Networks Over the Lifecycle, and the Relationship between Human Capital and Social Capital


Book Description

While an extensive literature studies social capital outcomes, the evolution process of social capital remains largely ignored. This paper presents a dynamic model of lifetime decision making of the individual's social capital accumulation. Structural parameters of the model - estimated using the method of simulated moments - explain the observed lifetime variations of social capital stocks and flows. The findings also indicate multiple links between human capital and social capital working in opposite directions: people with more education have higher opportunity costs of time, which increase their costs of investment in social capital. But, at the same time, they also receive greater benefits from their social capital, and because their net benefits are higher we observe higher levels of social capital investment among people with higher education.




Social Capital


Book Description

This book contains a number of papers presented at a workshop organised by the World Bank in 1997 on the theme of 'Social Capital: Integrating the Economist's and the Sociologist's Perspectives'. The concept of 'social capital' is considered through a number of theoretical and empirical studies which discuss its analytical foundations, as well as institutional and statistical analyses of the concept. It includes the classic 1987 article by the late James Coleman, 'Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital', which formed the basis for the development of social capital as an organising concept in the social sciences.




The Oxford Handbook of Human Capital


Book Description

Macroeconomic research on human capital - the stock of human capabilities and knowledge - has been extensively published but to date the literature has lacked a comprehensive analysis of human capital within the organization. The Oxford Handbook of Human Capital has been designed to fill that gap, providing an authoritative, inter-disciplinary, and up to date survey of relevant concepts, research areas, and applications. Specially commissioned contributions from over 40 authors reveal the importance of human capital for contemporary organizations, exploring its conceptual underpinnings, relevance to theories of the firm, implications for organizational effectiveness, interdependencies with other resources, and role in the future economy. Unlike neoclassical macroeconomic concepts of human capital, human capital in organizations is shown to be dynamic and heterogeneous, requiring new theories and management frameworks. The systemic role of human capital is explored, revealing it as the lynchpin of social, structural and other forms of intangible and tangible capital. Connections between human capital and organizational performance are investigated from HR management, procurement, alignment, value appropriation, and accounting perspectives. Links between micro and macro perspectives are provided through analyses of inter firm human capital mobility, national and regional human capital formation regimes and industry employment relations practices. This Handbook is designed for scholars and graduate students of organization and management theory, strategy, entrepreneurship, knowledge and intellectual capital, accounting, IT, HR, IR, economic sociology and cultural studies. For policy makers and practitioners it should provide an up to date guide to the nature and role of human capital in contemporary organizations and the roles that government, industry and other extra firm institutions can play in facilitating its development.




Social Capital, a Resource for the Human Capital Development of University Students


Book Description

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social capital and human capital pertaining to students in the context of the university. It is proposed that an educational environment that students perceive to be challenging and supportive is a social capital resource that stimulates them to acquire human capital resources of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The study was conducted in the faculty of education at the University of Manitoba. Data from The Quality of Student Life Questionnaire developed in 1991 and completed in February 1992 by 269 undergraduate students who were selected using a stratified random cluster sampling technique, are analyzed. Students were asked about their social and university backgrounds, their perceptions of being challenged and supported in the faculty, their academic self-concepts, their time use, their grade point averages, and their educational expectations. A theoretical model outlines proposed Linkages between social capital and the human capital development of students, and guides the structural equation modeling procedures used to analyze the interrelationships between the 15 variables in the model. Several findings in this study support the idea that social capital is a resource that can significantly contribute to the human capital development of students. Overall, within the context of the fifteen variables in the theoretical model, the social capital variables, in particular the support variables, interaction with professors, interaction with students and positive affect, are shown to add to the amount of variance that is explained in both of the student effort variables and in all three of the human capital variables. One support variable, interaction with students, has a direct positive effect on two human capital variables, self-concept of ability and GPA. Two of the social capital support variables, interaction with students and positive affect, have a positive effect on students' time planning, whi.




SOCIAL CAPITAL


Book Description

'Social capital refers to the institutions, relationships, and norms that shape the quality and quantity of a society's social interactions... Social capital is not just the sum of the institutions which underpin a society - it is the glue that holds them together' (Bank, 1999). Such social glue is one factor that determines how well society is able to organize collective action to solve major problems. Without societal cohesion and focus it is very difficult to make significant change. As such social capital is a critical element of sustainability. It tends to be higher in sustainable communities by their very definition and can exist at all scales-local, regional and global. The inherent social capital of earlier societies has been in decline in America since the mid-20th century.




Social Capital


Book Description

It is an outgrowth of a workshop, held at the World Bank in April 1997, which was devoted to exploring the concept of social capital through a multidisciplinary forum."--BOOK JACKET.