A Mixed Frequency Stochastic Volatility Model for Intraday Stock Market Returns


Book Description

We propose a mixed frequency stochastic volatility (MFSV) model for the dynamics of intraday asset return volatility. In order to account for long-memory we separate stochastic daily and intraday volatility patterns by introducing a long-run component that changes at daily frequency and a short-run component that captures the remaining intraday volatility dynamics. An additional component captures deterministic intraday patterns. We analyze the stochastic properties of the resulting non-linear state-space model both on the daily and the intraday frequency and show how the model can be estimated in a single step using simulated maximum likelihood based on Efficient Importance Sampling (EIS). We apply the model to intraday returns of five New York Stock Exchange traded stocks. The estimation results indicate distinct dynamic patterns for daily and intradaily volatility components, where about 50% of intraday volatility dynamics are explained by the daily component. In-sample diagnostic tests and an out-of-sample forecasting experiment indicate that already the very basic model specification successfully accounts for the complex dynamic and distributional properties of asset returns both on the intraday and the daily frequency.




Interday and Intraday Volatility


Book Description

After examining both the interday and intraday return volatility of the Shanghai Composite Stock Index, it was found that the open-to-open return variance is consistently greater than the close-to-close variance. Examining the volatility of interday returns and variance ratio tests with five-minute intervals reveals an L-shaped pattern, or more precisely, two L-shaped patterns, starting with a small hump during both the morning and the afternoon sessions, with the morning session having a much higher interday volatility than the afternoon session. This L-shaped interday volatility is supported by the similarly shaped intraday volatility pattern. This result suggests that the high volatility of intraday returns for the market open is not entirely due to the trading mechanisms (call auction in the market opening) but also due to both the accumulated overnight information and the trading halt effect. The five-minute breaks after the auction and blind auction procedures are the two major driving forces which exaggerate the high intraday volatility observed at the market open.




Stock-return Volatility and Intraday Equity Trading by Investor Typesin Thailand


Book Description

I examine the intraday stock-return volatility pattern and relationship between the volatility and intraday trading by individual, institutional, foreign and proprietary investors in the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The volatility pattern of SET100 during January 2010 through December 20161 follows the L-shape in the morning and muted U-shape the afternoon session which is consistent with findings from many stock markets around the world. For large-size stocks, the net purchase of informed (institutional and foreign) investors with the net sale of less-informed (individual) investor drive the positive volatility effect. This result is always significant; however, cannot be explained by information-based explanation but rather more aligned with liquidity-driven explanation. For small stocks, the net proprietary trading has an increasing impact on volatility, which is consistent with liquidity pressure explanation. This result is significant and robust to different size of the portfolio and different measure of the volatility after controlling for lagged volatilities, number of trades, average trade size, opening, closing and Monday effect.










Intraday Trading Patterns and Day-of-the-Week in Stock Index Options Markets


Book Description

This article studies the intraday patterns of trading volume, volatility, and spreads and day-of-the-week variations for stock index options traded on the Taiwan Futures Exchange (TAIFEX). In addition, we examine the overnight variations in returns, volatility and spreads as well. We find that trading volume of TAIFEX options exhibit a U-shaped pattern. While the volatility at the market open is extremely volatile, the volatility quickly levels off for much of the rest of a trading. The bid-ask spreads pattern for TAIFEX options approximately follows a U-shaped pattern with a small hump immediately after 13:00 hours. The mean returns at Monday open for TAIFEX calls are lower while returns at the end of a trading day are larger. Calls have smaller overnight variations in volatility and bid-ask spreads compared to those in puts.




Testing for Market Microstructure Effects in Intraday Volatility


Book Description

This paper develops mew robust inference procedures for analyzing the intraday return volatility patterns that constitute a focal point of much market microstructure theory. Our empirical analysis is motivated by the recent lifting of trading restrictions in the interbank foreign exchange (FX) market for Japanese banks during the Tokyo lunch period. Ito, Lyons, and Melvin (1998) (ILM) argue that this deregulation resulted in a highly significant shift in the volatility pattern across the entire Japanese trading day, indicating that private information is an important component of the price formation process in the FX market. In contrast, our robust analysis finds no evidence for any discernible change in the pattern outside of the Tokyo lunch period. Moreover, we document that the standard variance-ratio methodology inference in this high-frequency data context.




Trading Mechanisms, Speculative Behavior of Investors, and the Volatility of Prices


Book Description

This paper compares the volatility of spot prices (dealership market) with that of futures prices (auction market) to test the implications of different trading mechanisms for the volatility of prices. First, a natural estimator of the volatility is sued. Using the intraday data of the major Market Index and its futures prices, we show that the volatility of opening prices is higher than that of closing prices not only in the spot market but in the futures market, and that the intraday volatility patterns are U-shaped in both markets. Of particular interest is that futures prices do not appear to be as volatile as spot prices when the natural estimator of volatility is used, to the contrary of the conventional wisdom. We argue that the different volatility patterns during the day are not necessarily due to the different trading mechanisms, auction market versus dealership market. Instead, after developing a simple theoretical model of speculative prices, we show that at least part of the different volatility patterns during the day may be attributable to speculative behavior of investors based on heterogeneous information. In addition, we further investigate the volatilities of spot and futures prices using a temporal estimator of price volatility as an alternative to the natural estimator. Based on the temporal estimator, we cannot find any systematic pattern of volatilities during the day in both spot and futures markets, and that futures prices appear to be more volatile than spot prices in terms of how quickly the price moves beyond a given unit price level, but not in terms of how much the price changes during a given unit time interval. Some policy implications are also discussed.




Trade Like a Stock Market Wizard: How to Achieve Super Performance in Stocks in Any Market


Book Description

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