The Invention of the Western Film


Book Description

Table of contents







'Injuns!'


Book Description

The indispensable sage, fierce enemy, silent sidekick: the role of Native Americans in film has been largely confined to identities defined by the “white” perspective. Many studies have analyzed these simplistic stereotypes of Native American cultures in film, but few have looked beyond the Hollywood Western for further examples. Distinguished film scholar Edward Buscombe offers here an incisive study that examines cinematic depictions of Native Americans from a global perspective. Buscombe opens with a historical survey of American Westerns and their controversial portrayals of Native Americans: the wild redmen of nineteenth-century Wild West shows, the more sympathetic depictions of Native Americans in early Westerns, and the shift in the American film industry in the 1920s to hostile characterizations of Indians. Questioning the implicit assumptions of prevailing critiques, Buscombe looks abroad to reveal a distinctly different portrait of Native Americans. He focuses on the lesser known Westerns made in Germany—such as East Germany’s Indianerfilme, in which Native Americans were Third World freedom fighters battling against Yankee imperialists—as well as the films based on the novels of nineteenth-century German writer Karl May. These alternative portrayals of Native Americans offer a vastly different view of their cultural position in American society. Buscombe offers nothing less than a wholly original and readable account of the cultural images of Native Americans through history andaround the globe, revealing new and complex issues in our understanding of how oppressed peoples have been represented in mass culture.




Film Analysis in English


Book Description

Cet ouvrage apporte aux lecteurs les outils leur permettant de mener à bien l’exercice d’analyse de séquences en anglais. Il offre à la fois une méthodologie, le vocabulaire approprié, un bagage culturel ainsi qu’une série d’exemples concrets en anglais. Il se propose d’être un outil sur lequel peut s’appuyer l’enseignant, mais il se veut également assez complet pour pouvoir être utilisé en autonomie. Il s’appuie sur les recherches récentes en études cinématographiques, qu’elles soient en langue anglaise ou française, et permet ainsi de faire le pont entre les différentes approches, sans pour autant multiplier les références aux débats trop précis qui obscurciraient le propos. Néanmoins, des références parcourent le texte afin de donner au lecteur la possibilité d’approfondir son travail sur tel ou tel aspect du cinéma. Les exemples d analyses portent sur des extraits de films classiques et offrent un panorama le plus juste possible du cinéma anglo-saxon. L’ensemble des exemples étant divisé en plusieurs parties historiques, elles-mêmes introduites par une présentation de la période couverte, l’ouvrage donne au lecteur un bagage culturel suffisant pour réussir cette épreuve. Il permet aux étudiants préparant le CAPES ou l’Agrégation d’anglais de se mettre à niveau pour l’analyse de films dans le cadre des concours. Il offre aux enseignants et aux candidats des pistes pédagogiques et des activités de classe pour exploiter les extraits de films.




Race in American Film [3 volumes]


Book Description

This expansive three-volume set investigates racial representation in film, providing an authoritative cross-section of the most racially significant films, actors, directors, and movements in American cinematic history. Hollywood has always reflected current American cultural norms and ideas. As such, film provides a window into attitudes about race and ethnicity over the last century. This comprehensive set provides information on hundreds of films chosen based on scholarly consensus of their importance regarding the subject, examining aspects of race and ethnicity in American film through the historical context, themes, and people involved. This three-volume set highlights the most important films and artists of the era, identifying films, actors, or characterizations that were considered racist, were tremendously popular or hugely influential, attempted to be progressive, or some combination thereof. Readers will not only learn basic information about each subject but also be able to contextualize it culturally, historically, and in terms of its reception to understand what average moviegoers thought about the subject at the time of its popularity—and grasp how the subject is perceived now through the lens of history.




Pioneer Performances


Book Description

Pioneer Performances draws from a diverse cast of relevant historical figures, ultimately revealing the frontier as a set of complex performative practices imbued with a sense of trenchant social critique.




American Dude Ranch


Book Description

Viewers of films and television shows might imagine the dude ranch as something not quite legitimate, a place where city dwellers pretend to be cowboys in amusingly inauthentic fashion. But the tradition of the dude ranch, America’s original western vacation, is much more interesting and deeply connected with the culture and history of the American West. In American Dude Ranch, Lynn Downey opens new perspectives on this buckaroo getaway, with all its implications for deciphering the American imagination. Dude ranching began in the 1880s when cattle ranches ruled the West. Men, and a few women, left the comforts of their eastern lives to experience the world of the cowboy. But by the end of the century, the cattleman’s West was fading, and many ranchers turned to wrangling dudes instead of livestock. What began as a way for ranching to survive became a new industry, and as the twentieth century progressed, the dude ranch wove its way into American life and culture. Wyoming dude ranches hosted silent picture shoots, superstars such as Gene Autry were featured in dude film plots, fashion designers and companies like Levi Strauss & Co. replicated the films’ western styles, and novelists Zane Grey and Mary Roberts Rinehart moved dude ranching into popular literature. Downey follows dude ranching across the years, tracing its influence on everything from clothing to cooking and showing how ranchers adapted to changing times and vacation trends. Her book also offers a rare look at women’s place in this story, as they found personal and professional satisfaction in running their own dude ranches. However contested and complicated, western history is one of America’s national origin stories that we turn to in times of cultural upheaval. Dude ranches provide a tangible link from the real to the imagined past, and their persistence and popularity demonstrate how significant this link remains. This book tells their story—in all its familiar, eccentric, and often surprising detail.




Word & Image in Colonial and Postcolonial Literatures and Cultures


Book Description

Verbal imagery and visual images as well as the intricate relationships between verbal and visual representations have long shaped the imagination and the practice of intercultural relationships. The contributions to this volume take a fresh look at the ideology of form, especially the gendered and racial implications of the gaze and the voice in various media and intermedial transformations. Analyses of how culturally specific forms of visual and verbal expression are individually understood and manipulated complement reflections on the potential and limitations of representation. The juxtaposition of visual and verbal signifiers explores the gap between them as a space beyond cultural boundaries. Topics treated include: Caliban; English satirical iconotexts; Oriental travel writing and illustration; expatriate description and picturesque illustration of Edinburgh; ethnographic film; African studio photography; South African cartoons; imagery, ekphrasis, and race in South African art and fiction; face and visuality, representation and memory in Asian fiction; Bollywood; Asian historical film; Asian-British pop music; Australian landscape in painting and fiction; indigenous children's fiction from Aotearoa New Zealand, Canada, and the USA; Canadian photography; Native Americans in film. Writers and artists discussed include: Philip Kwame Apagya; the Asian Dub Foundation; Breyten Breytenbach; Richard Burton; Peter Carey; Gurinder Chadha; Daniel Chodowiecki; J.M. Coetzee; Ashutosh Gowariker; Patricia Grace; W. Greatbatch; Hogarth; Francis K. Honny; Jim Jarmusch; Robyn Kahukiwa; Seydou Keita; Thomas King; Vladyana Krykorka; Alfred Kubin; Michael Arvaarluk Kusugak; Kathleen and Michael Lacapa; László Lakner; George Littlechild; Ken Lum; Franz Marc; Zakes Mda; Ketan Mehta; M.I.A. (Maya Arulpragasam); Timothy Mo; William Kent Monkman; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu; John Hamilton Mortimer; Sidney Nolan; Jean Rouch; Salman Rushdie; William Shakespeare; Robert Louis Stevenson; Richard Van C& Zapiro.




Word & Image in Colonial and Postcolonial Literatures and Cultures


Book Description

Verbal imagery and visual images as well as the intricate relationships between verbal and visual representations have long shaped the imagination and the practice of intercultural relationships. The contributions to this volume take a fresh look at the ideology of form, especially the gendered and racial implications of the gaze and the voice in various media and intermedial transformations. Analyses of how culturally specific forms of visual and verbal expression are individually understood and manipulated complement reflections on the potential and limitations of representation. The juxtaposition of visual and verbal signifiers explores the gap between them as a space beyond cultural boundaries. Topics treated include: Caliban; English satirical iconotexts; Oriental travel writing and illustration; expatriate description and picturesque illustration of Edinburgh; ethnographic film; African studio photography; South African cartoons; imagery, ekphrasis, and race in South African art and fiction; face and visuality, representation and memory in Asian fiction; Bollywood; Asian historical film; Asian-British pop music; Australian landscape in painting and fiction; indigenous children’s fiction from Aotearoa New Zealand, Canada, and the USA; Canadian photography; Native Americans in film. Writers and artists discussed include: Philip Kwame Apagya; the Asian Dub Foundation; Breyten Breytenbach; Richard Burton; Peter Carey; Gurinder Chadha; Daniel Chodowiecki; J.M. Coetzee; Ashutosh Gowariker; Patricia Grace; W. Greatbatch; Hogarth; Francis K. Honny; Jim Jarmusch; Robyn Kahukiwa; Seydou Keita; Thomas King; Vladyana Krykorka; Alfred Kubin; Michael Arvaarluk Kusugak; Kathleen and Michael Lacapa; László Lakner; George Littlechild; Ken Lum; Franz Marc; Zakes Mda; Ketan Mehta; M.I.A. (Maya Arulpragasam); Timothy Mo; William Kent Monkman; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu; John Hamilton Mortimer; Sidney Nolan; Jean Rouch; Salman Rushdie; William Shakespeare; Robert Louis Stevenson; Richard Van Camp; Zapiro.




Crossing Frontiers


Book Description

Der Band untersucht das Genre erstmals eingehend in seinen komplexen und vielschichtigen interkulturellen Auffächerungen, die sich in nationalspezifischen Western-Variationen finden. Er eröffnet interessante Perspektiven auf diesen film- und kulturgeschichtlich kaum erschlossenen Bereich. Ein Schwerpunkt gilt den verschiedenen nationalen Western-Varianten in Osteuropa. Beiträge von Spezialisten aus Polen, Tschechien und Russland arbeiten bislang unbekannte Übereinstimmungen und Differenzen im Gebrauch des Genres in den damals kommunistischen Ländern zu Tage. Deutlich wird dabei u.a., dass das ideologisch als anrüchig betrachtete, aber beim Publikum sehr beliebte Genre vor allem in Russland und Polen über die Intervention der Regierungen dazu diente, sowohl Kapitalismuskritik als auch Überhöhungen der eigenen Nationalkultur zu inszenieren. Darüber hinaus beinhaltet der Band auch Texte mit neuen Perspektiven auf den deutschen Western sowie auf Western-Variationen im französischen, britischen, australischen, indischen und afrikanischen Kino. Auch die vielfältigen Verbindungen zwischen Western und Eastern werden u.a. anhand internationaler Koproduktionen beleuchtet. Der Band betont die Vielschichtigkeit und Komplexität der interkulturellen Transformationen des Western, die sich von Europa über Lateinamerika und Afrika bis nach Australien und Asien nachweisen lassen. Dabei wird herausgearbeitet, wie Western-Elemente in sehr unterschiedlicher Weise zur Geltung kommen, um nationalspezifische Kulturmuster und Kommunikationszusammenhänge zu verhandeln.