Author : Martine Marieke Melein
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 21,15 MB
Release : 2018-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1784919659
The flourishing civilisations of Mesopotamia imported all kinds of materials from the surrounding regions. Iron oxide rock was very popular for weight stones and cylinder seals around 2000 BC. This research aims to determine the region of origin for the raw material, what made people start using iron oxide rock, and what led them to stop using it.
Author : Ann Andersson
Publisher : Aarhus Universitetsforlag
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 21,4 MB
Release : 2022-08-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8793423810
Excavations in 1958-1963 on the island of Failaka in Kuwait uncovered a small community of Dilmun traders from the second millennium BC. Prominent among the finds were 629 beads, most of them made of semi-precious stone, such as different varieties of chalcedony (agate, carnelian, jasper, and moss agate) and quartz (rock crystal, milky quartz, and smoky quartz), and a range of other stone types, such as calcite, chlorite, lapis lazuli, turquoise and porphyry. Additionally, part of the beads was made of glass: a new prestige material of the second millennium. The study consists of a typology, a classification of materials and an analysis of the dating and distribution of the beads. Manufacturing techniques, including perforation and use-wear, are also considered. In a final discussion, the bead corpus from Failaka is compared with similar material from contemporary sites on Failaka and in Bahrain, along with some thoughts on connections and trade relations, which may be inferred from the materials and forms in the bead assemblage. The study proposes far-reaching connections with the Indus in the east and the Aegean in the west.
Author : Mioara Mandea
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 28,22 MB
Release : 2022-09-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 303109476X
This book aims then to describe in a comprehensible way efforts made over centuries of measuring and understanding the magnetic declination. The book also highlights some important characteristics of the Earth’s magnetic field thanks to the declination measurements. Some applications and societal implications are also underlined. Anyone living in the 21st century knows the best way to navigate is by using a smartphone App. Decades and centuries ago, in order to find the same way a magnificent instrument was used: the compass. Despite many being aware of the compass, not everyone appreciates that throughout the ages of exploration, sailors and explorers linked their lives and great discoveries to the magnetic needle. Furthermore, is there an awareness of the Earth’s physical mechanism behind the changes in time and space of the direction indicated by the compass? The magnetic declination is at the center of this book and it helps the reader to understand how to navigate in time and space. The book provides the history of the compass and magnetic declination leading the reader to the understanding of our magnetic planet. This book is designed for those who are fascinated by the long history of geomagnetism. This book relies on reader’s knowledge of elementary scientific concepts, and introduces the geomagnetism concepts as they evaluated in time. The focus is on some basic concepts and physical processes in order to understand the evolution of a specific element of the geomagnetic field, the declination. The primary audience may have just started an interest in the geomagnetism and history of science, as students and researchers. Some readers may have an interest that only touches the geomagnetism, as navigators, geophysicists, historians.
Author : Lucas Braddock Chen
Publisher :
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 12,75 MB
Release : 2020-10-06
Category :
ISBN : 9781716679551
The utilization of metals marked a major transition point in the history of human technology, as man learned to explore the special properties of the material. The field of archaeometallurgy arose not only to study the archaeological characteristics of metal artifacts, but also to research the history of civilization through the lens of metal technologies such as ore mining, smelting, metal production, and trade. This book focuses on the period between the rise of the Chalcolithic period to the beginning of the Iron Age (c. 5500 BC - 1500 BC) in Mesopotamia, and provides an overview of the evolution of copper technology and the molecular chemistry behind metallurgy techniques. Lucas Braddock Chen's research focuses on the archaeometallurgical history of ancient Mesopotamia. His technique of using electromagnetic signatures to identify metals was published in the Journal of Experimental Techniques and Instrumentation and the International Journal of Innovative Studies in Sciences and Engineering Technology. More recently, his method of using a magnetometer to differentiate bonze artifacts was published in Archaeological Discovery.
Author : Shiyanthi Thavapalan
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 10,74 MB
Release : 2019-10-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9004415416
"In The Meaning of Color in Ancient Mesopotamia, Shiyanthi Thavapalan offers the first in-depth study of the words and expressions for colors in the Akkadian language (c. 2500-500 BCE). By combining philological analysis with the technical investigation of materials, she debunks the misconception that people in Mesopotamia had a limited sense of color and convincingly positions the development of Akkadian color language as a corollary of the history of materials and techniques in the ancient Near East"--
Author : Daniel T. Potts
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 45,27 MB
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780485930016
Likely to become a standard work for students of the ancient Near East, and for those interested in the high cultures of the region, this account is also a highly accessible repository of information valuable to archaeologists, anthropologists, etc
Author : Andreas Hauptmann
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 595 pages
File Size : 22,55 MB
Release : 2020-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030503674
This book successfully connects archaeology and archaeometallurgy with geoscience and metallurgy. It addresses topics concerning ore deposits, archaeological field evidence of early metal production, and basic chemical-physical principles, as well as experimental ethnographic works on a low handicraft base and artisanal metal production to help readers better understand what happened in antiquity. The book is chiefly intended for scholars and students engaged in interdisciplinary work.
Author : Lucas Pieter Petit
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,23 MB
Release : 2017
Category : Excavations (Archaeology)
ISBN : 9789088904974
This lavishly illustrated volume contains more than 65 chapters by international specialists, providing a detailed and thorough study of the Ancient city of Nineveh, the once-flourishing capital of the Assyrian Empire in present-day Iraq.
Author : George R. Rapp
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 35,62 MB
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 3662050056
1.1 Prologue What is archaeomineralogy? The term has been used at least once before (Mitchell 1985), but this volume is the first publication to lay down the scientific basis and systematics for this subdiscipline. Students sometimes call an introductory archaeology course "stones and bones." Archaeomineralogy covers the stones component of this phrase. Of course, archaeology consists of a great deal more than just stones and bones. Contemporary archaeology is based on stratigraphy, geomorphology, chronometry, behavioral inferences, and a host of additional disciplines in addition to those devoted to stones and bones. To hazard a definition: archaeomineralogy is the study of the minerals and rocks used by ancient societies over space and time, as implements, orna ments, building materials, and raw materials for ceramics and other processed products. Archaeomineralogy also attempts to date, source, or otherwise char acterize an artifact or feature, or to interpret past depositional alteration of archaeological contexts. Unlike geoarchaeology, archaeomineralogy is not, and is not likely to become, a recognized subdiscipline. Practitioners of archaeomineralogy are mostly geoarchaeologists who specialize in geology and have a strong background in mineralogy or petrology (the study of the origin ofrocks).
Author : Andreas N. Angelakis
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 38,71 MB
Release : 2014-09-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 1780404840
Most of the technological developments relevant to water supply and wastewater date back to more than to five thousand years ago. These developments were driven by the necessity to make efficient use of natural resources, to make civilizations more resistant to destructive natural elements, and to improve the standards of life, both at public and private level. Rapid technological progress in the 20th century created a disregard for past sanitation and wastewater and stormwater technologies that were considered to be far behind the present ones. A great deal of unresolved problems in the developing world related to the wastewater management principles, such as the decentralization of the processes, the durability of the water projects, the cost effectiveness, and sustainability issues, such as protection from floods and droughts were intensified to an unprecedented degree. New problems have arisen such as the contamination of surface and groundwater. Naturally, intensification of unresolved problems has led to the reconsideration of successful past achievements. This retrospective view, based on archaeological, historical, and technical evidence, has shown two things: the similarity of physicochemical and biological principles with the present ones and the advanced level of wastewater engineering and management practices. Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries presents and discusses the major achievements in the scientific fields of sanitation and hygienic water use systems throughout the millennia, and compares the water technological developments in several civilizations. It provides valuable insights into ancient wastewater and stormwater management technologies with their apparent characteristics of durability, adaptability to the environment, and sustainability. These technologies are the underpinning of modern achievements in sanitary engineering and wastewater management practices. It is the best proof that “the past is the key for the future”. Evolution of Sanitation and Wastewater Technologies through the Centuries is a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses of Water Resources, Civil Engineering, Hydraulics, Ancient History, Archaeology, Environmental Management and is also a valuable resource for all researchers in the these fields. Authors: Andreas N. Angelakis, Institute of Iraklion, Iraklion, Greece and Joan B. Rose, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
