Issues in Native American Cultural Identity


Book Description

Issues in Native American Cultural Identity is a multi-faceted collection of essays that explore the cultural, historical, legal, philosophical, and political significance of cultural identity to the indigenous people and nations of the United States. In addition to exploring the conceptual and historical conditions for the development of cultural identity, it analyzes and evaluates from a variety of disciplinary perspectives an array of cultural identities that have been assigned to Native Americans by the dominant culture as well as various identities that the Native Americans have developed or are developing for themselves in order to prevent cultural genocide.




Native Voices


Book Description

Native peoples of North America still face an uncertain future due to their unstable political, legal, and economic positions. Views of their predicament continue to be dominated by non-Indian writers. In response, a dozen Native American writers here reclaim their rightful role as influential "voices" in debates about Native communities. These scholars examine crucial issues of politics, law, and religion in the context of ongoing Native American resistance to the dominant culture. They particularly show how the writings of Vine Deloria, Jr., have shaped and challenged American Indian scholarship in these areas since 1960s. They provide key insights into Deloria's thought, while introducing some critical issues confronting Native nations. Collectively, these essays take up four important themes: indigenous societies as the embodiment of cultures of resistance, legal resistance to western oppression against indigenous nations, contemporary Native religious practices, and Native intellectual challenges to academia. Essays address indigenous perspectives on topics usually treated by non-Indians, such as role of women in Indian society, the importance of sacred sites to American Indian religious identity, and relationship of native language to indigenous autonomy. A closing essay by Deloria, in vintage form, reminds Native Americans of their responsibilities and obligations to one another and to past and future generations. This book argues for renewed cultivation of a Native American Studies that is more Indian-centered.







Real Indians


Book Description

At the dawn of the twenty-first century, America finds itself on the brink of a new racial consciousness. The old, unquestioned confidence with which individuals can be classified (as embodied, for instance, in previous U.S. census categories) has been eroded. In its place are shifting paradigms and new norms for racial identity. Eva Marie Garroutte examines the changing processes of racial identification and their implications by looking specifically at the case of American Indians.




Cultural Identity Silencing of Native American Identity in Education


Book Description

Native American Nations have been subjected to colonialism for centuries the impact of which led to further traumatic events and disparities. Although recent scholarship has investigated possible relationships between traumas experienced in education and issues such as depression, substance use, poor academic achievement, and suicide, there remained a need for qualitative studies exploring the phenomenon from the voice of the experiencer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of cultural identity silencing of Native American identity in education. Eight young adult self-identified Native American/Alaskan college students between the ages of 18-25 who experienced cultural identity silencing in education were interviewed using Seidman’s three-part model. Each participant took part in three individual 60- 90 minute long Skype interviews each at least a week apart. The following questions were investigated in this study: How is cultural identity silencing of Native American/Alaskan Native identity experienced by young adult Native American/Alaskan Natives in education? What is the psychological meaning of cultural identity silencing of Native American identity? A descriptive phenomenological psychological methodology using Giorgian analysis and researcher epoché was then used to create descriptions of the essential structure of cultural identity silencing phenomenon as it was reconstructed by the participants. Seven essential constituents were described by participants that form the structural description of the phenomenon. These results contribute to a greater understanding and consciousness of the lived experiences of American Indians in education.




Schooltalk


Book Description

An essential guide to transforming the quotidian communications that feed inequality in our schools—from the award-winning editor of Everyday Antiracism Words matter. Every day in schools, language is used—whether in the classroom, in a student-teacher meeting, or by principals, guidance counselors, or other school professionals—implying, intentionally or not, that some subset of students have little potential. As a result, countless students “underachieve,” others become disengaged, and, ultimately, we all lose. Mica Pollock, editor of Everyday Antiracism—the progressive teacher’s must-have resource—now turns to what it takes for those working in schools to match their speech to their values, giving all students an equal opportunity to thrive. By juxtaposing common scenarios with useful exercises, concrete actions, and resources, Schooltalk describes how the devil is in the oft-dismissed details: the tossed-off remark to a student or parent about the community in which she lives; the way groups—based on race, ability, and income—are discussed in faculty meetings about test scores and data; the assumptions and communication breakdowns between counselors, teachers, and other staff that cause kids to fall needlessly through the cracks; or the deflating comment to a young person about her college or career prospects. Schooltalk will empower educators of every ilk, revealing to them an incredibly effective tool at their disposal to support the success of all students every day: their words.




AMER Indians in the Marketplace


Book Description

Although it is usually assumed that Native Americans have lost their cultural identity through modernization, some peoples have proved otherwise. Brian Hosmer explores what happened when cultural identity and economic opportunity converged among two Native American communities that used community-based industries to both generate income and sustain their cultures. Comparing a lumber business run by the Menominees of Wisconsin and a salmon cannery established by British Columbian and Alaskan Tsimshian communities known as Metlakatla, Hosmer reveals how each tribe responded to market and political forces over fifty years. Hosmer's innovative ethnohistory recounts how these Indians used the marketplace to maintain their distinctiveness to a far greater extent than those who became wage earners in the white man's world. Hosmer shows that by selectively incorporating elements of American capitalism into their cultural lives, the Menominees and Metlakatlans came to view modernization less as a threat to their tribal life than as a means for maintaining their independence. These tribes embraced the same market accused of hastening the demise of native societies and became comparatively successful in American terms even as they both honored fundamental values and forged new cultural identities. Over time, these peoples came to understand how the market worked, recognized that the broader economy operated according to market principles, and learned how to adjust to it. Hosmer reveals how their strategies of "purposeful modernization" brought relative economic independence and sometimes the respect and cooperation of local and federal governments, how it helped chart a middle course between unchecked individuality and a communal ethos that might stifle economic development, and how economic development and cultural values ultimately affected one another. American Indians in the Marketplace is a story of adaptation that acknowledges the hardship and suffering common to most Indian-white contact while emphasizing the benefits of selective modernization accompanied by a constant re-invention of tradition. It questions the victim thesis of Native American history and shows that native peoples can meet the challenges of surviving in the larger world.




Voices of First Nations People


Book Description

Be a more effective human service provider when working with native peoples! Voices of First Nations People contains extensive information on how issues such as gambling, drinking, homelessness, health, and parenting affect Native Americans. This text will help you more effectively provide and direct services, administer programs, develop policies, and conduct research on topics that are relevant to native peoples. Through research and case studies, this book explores the specific needs of Native Americans and aids human service professionals in creating more successful services for these clients. Since practitioner effectiveness relies on the awareness of cultural identity, this text gives you insight into factors that form the Native American identity to help you understand Native Americans’ emotional and social interactions. With this knowledge, you will be able to offer the most appropriate services possible. Voices of First Nations People illustrates many of the challenges concerning Native Americans and discusses significant research findings in these areas. This book covers many related issues, including: the gambling habits of adolescents and the relationship revealed between gambling, other high-risk behaviors, and self-esteem the components of alcohol recovery for Native American women The Seventh Generation Program, an intervention program that blends mainstream alcoholism prevention approaches with American Indian culture for urban American Indian youth the deleterious effects out-of-home placement has on children, such as psychiatric disorders, trauma, and alcohol abuse and dependence how cultural factors contribute to resiliency among oppressed populations and using the Ethnic, Culture, and Religion/Spirituality Questionnaire (ECR) Scale the effects of historical trauma on parenting skills of particular tribes and two intervention methods—facilitating parental awareness to life span and communal trauma across generations and reattaching the individual to traditional tribal values the differences between urban Native Americans’ acculturation styles and identity attitudes Voices of First Nations People also gives you insight into the specific health problems of Native Americans, including the increasing mortality rates due to alcohol and drug abuse, suicide, homicide, motor vehicle accidents, cancer, and child abuse and neglect. With suggestions on how you can help combat and alleviate the causes of these problems, Voices of First Nations People will help you successfully provide culturally sensitive services to Native Americans.




African/Native American Identified in Culture


Book Description

In more recent years, only limited literature has come forward regarding the historical and complex relationships, alliances, interdependence, and unions that emerged between African Americans and indigenous Native Americans during oppressed times. Many of these intricate relationships and traditional unions produced descendants of mixed ancestry. Yet past history has recorded little about the emergence of African/Native Americans and the complex nature of their identity formation, cultural continuity and patterns of assimilation for a variety of reasons, some valid, most shameful. Consequently, there is a prevailing concern about the need for building and preserving African/Native American identity in culture and community. Through an exploratory case study of targeted populations, qualitative research was used to measure the contributing factors of racial, ethnic, and socio-cultural identity formations of African/Native Americans, from the 1800s forward. Using semi-structured interviews, with over 60 self-identified African/Native Americans, themes revealed different stages of evolving identity formations, including denial, self awareness, and emerging cultural consciousness. While dominant America continues to heal itself in a changing environment, the understanding of racial, ethnic and cultural identity issues of the African/Native American becomes critical to the greater and holistic understanding of how cultural diversity can be achieved in contemporary society. Specific issues and conclusions are discussed, with recommendations for facilitating diversity case studies from an African/Native American perspective. Results of this exploratory study show evidence of persistent, critical factors that make up the African/Native American identity.




Native American Religious Identity


Book Description

In this ground-breaking work, some of the best contemporary Native scholars and writers examine the issue of Native religious identity today. Because the traditional Native American view recognizes no sharp distinction between sacred and profane spheres of existence, Native cultures and religious traditions are in many ways synonymous and coextensive. This intimate relationship between culture and religion makes the question of religious identity a vital inquiry. Essays range from the scholarly to the intensely personal, including Christian, traditional, and "post-Christian" perspectives. The range of topics includes a study of Nahua religion and the cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe; the role of Native interpreters in spreading Christianity; a Native writer's observations of a modern Sun Dance ritual; and an Indian elder's poignant account of how it felt, after her marriage to a white Canadian, to receive an official card from the government declaring that she was "no longer an Indian" according to the laws of Canada.