Key Topics in Health, Nature, and Behavior


Book Description

This volume features cutting-edge and impactful articles from across Springer's diverse journals publishing program. In this curated collection, our editorial team has brought together highly-cited and downloaded articles on the topic of Health, Nature, and Behavior into one single resource. Moreover, this book enables readers to review a broad spectrum of quality research on a specialized topic, which we hope facilitates interdisciplinary and critical discussions of the topic at hand. As part of the Key Topics in Behavioral Sciences book series, this volume aims to serve as a quick reference for readers when writing or researching new topics or subject areas. Other topics in the series will include Psychological Research Methods, Health and Behavior, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Sports Psychology, and Consumer Behavior. In the first section of the volume, articles focus on such topics as Emotional Eating, Review, Weight, Weight Loss, Body Image, Catcalling, Self-Objectification, Sexual Harassment, Sexual Objectification, Sleep, Theory, Work-Family Interface, Work-Nonwork Interface. Next, the second section features research on Adolescents With Overweight/Obesity, Difficulties In Emotion Regulation, Emotional Eating, Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Level Of Environmentalism, Optimal Distinctiveness Theory, Self-Construal, Self-Construal Theory. Lastly in the final section of this collection, Green Purchase Intention, Intergenerational Transmission, Nature Relatedness, Philippines, Social Responsibility, Normative Influence, Person-Oriented Approach, Personality Traits, Pro-Environmental Intentions, Sustainability, Corporate Environmental Strategy, Environmental Knowledge, Green Human Resource Management Practices, Pro-Environmental Behaviors, Psychological Green Climate Environmental Performance are discussed.




Evidence-Based Medicine and the Changing Nature of Health Care


Book Description

Drawing on the work of the Roundtable on Evidence-Based Medicine, the 2007 IOM Annual Meeting assessed some of the rapidly occurring changes in health care related to new diagnostic and treatment tools, emerging genetic insights, the developments in information technology, and healthcare costs, and discussed the need for a stronger focus on evidence to ensure that the promise of scientific discovery and technological innovation is efficiently captured to provide the right care for the right patient at the right time. As new discoveries continue to expand the universe of medical interventions, treatments, and methods of care, the need for a more systematic approach to evidence development and application becomes increasingly critical. Without better information about the effectiveness of different treatment options, the resulting uncertainty can lead to the delivery of services that may be unnecessary, unproven, or even harmful. Improving the evidence-base for medicine holds great potential to increase the quality and efficiency of medical care. The Annual Meeting, held on October 8, 2007, brought together many of the nation's leading authorities on various aspects of the issues - both challenges and opportunities - to present their perspectives and engage in discussion with the IOM membership.




Improving Health in the Community


Book Description

How do communities protect and improve the health of their populations? Health care is part of the answer but so are environmental protections, social and educational services, adequate nutrition, and a host of other activities. With concern over funding constraints, making sure such activities are efficient and effective is becoming a high priority. Improving Health in the Community explains how population-based performance monitoring programs can help communities point their efforts in the right direction. Within a broad definition of community health, the committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the "why" and "how to" of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health. The book offers a policy framework, applies a multidimensional model of the determinants of health, and provides sets of prototype performance indicators for specific health issues. Improving Health in the Community presents an attainable vision of a process that can achieve community-wide health benefits.




The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century


Book Description

The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.




Theory at a Glance


Book Description




U.S. Health in International Perspective


Book Description

The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.




Communities in Action


Book Description

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.




Key Topics in Consumer Behavior


Book Description

This volume features cutting-edge and impactful articles from across Springer's diverse journals publishing program. In this curated collection, our editorial team has brought together highly-cited and downloaded articles on the topic of Consumer Behavior into one single resource. Moreover, this book enables readers to review a broad spectrum of quality research on a specialized topic, which we hope facilitates interdisciplinary and critical discussions of the topic at hand. As part of the Key Topics in Behavioral Sciences book series, this volume aims to serve as a quick reference for readers when writing or researching new topics or subject areas. Other topics in the series will include Psychological Research Methods, Health and Behavior, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Sports Psychology, and Consumer Behavior. In the first section of the volume, articles focus on such topics as College Students, Financial Stress, Relative Income Hypothesis, Construal Level, Luxury Consumption, Luxury Consumption Tendency, Luxury Consumption Tendency Scale, and Scale Development. Next, the second section features research on Longitudinal Study, Materialism, Self-Esteem, Socioeconomic Status, Cvq-96, Mpai, Prevention, Social Media, Smartphone Use, Smartphone Addiction, University Students, Higher Education, and Virtues. Lastly in the final section of this collection, Electronic Word Of Mouth, Information-Task-Fit, Purchase Intention, Website Quality, Egoism, Evolution, Evolutionary Altruism, Mechanisms, Psychological Altruism, Meta-Analysis, Mturk, Online Panel Data, and Study Response are discussed.




Key Topics in Parenting and Behavior


Book Description

This volume features cutting-edge and impactful articles from across Springer's diverse journals publishing program. In this curated collection, our editorial team has brought together highly-cited and downloaded articles on the topic of Parenting and Behavior into one single resource. Moreover, this book enables readers to review a broad spectrum of quality research on a specialized topic, which we hope facilitates interdisciplinary and critical discussions of the topic at hand. As part of the Key Topics in Behavioral Sciences book series, this volume aims to serve as a quick reference for readers when writing or researching new topics or subject areas. Other topics in the series will include Psychological Research Methods, Health and Behavior, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Sports Psychology, and Consumer Behavior. In the first section of the volume, articles focus on such topics as Adolescents, Communication Technologies, Emerging Adults, Mental Health, Social Media, Well-Being, Motivation, Parental Support, Self-Esteem, Sports Participation, Aggressiveness, Empathy, Parenting Styles, and Primary School. Next, the second section features research on Academic Motivation, Entitlement, Helicopter Parenting, Mastery Vs. Performance Goals, Overparenting, Perfectionism, Antecedents, Burn-Out, Behavior Causes, Exhaustion, Group Therapy, Informant Discrepancy, Parent-Child Discrepancy, Resilience, and Treatment Outcome. Lastly in the final section of this collection, Body Image, Depression, Life Satisfaction., Parental Mediation, Social Comparison, Media Use, Parental Media Monitoring, Parental Mediation, Preregistration, Video Games, and Violence are discussed.




Key Topics in Technology and Behavior


Book Description

This volume features cutting-edge and impactful articles from across Springer's diverse journals publishing program. In this curated collection, our editorial team has brought together highly-cited and downloaded articles on the topic of Technology and Behavior into one single resource. Moreover, this book enables readers to review a broad spectrum of quality research on a specialized topic, which we hope facilitates interdisciplinary and critical discussions of the topic at hand. As part of the Key Topics in Behavioral Sciences book series, this volume aims to serve as a quick reference for readers when writing or researching new topics or subject areas. Other topics in the series will include Psychological Research Methods, Health and Behavior, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Sports Psychology, and Consumer Behavior. In the first section of the volume, articles focus on such topics as Addiction, Anxiety, Burnout, Envy, Social Comparison, Social Media, Emotion Regulation, Expressive Suppression, Problematic Smartphone Use, Smartphone Addiction, Smartphone Use Disorder, Suppression, Adolescents, Anxiety, Depression, Mindfulness, and Mobile Phone Addiction. Next, the second section features research on Cognitive Training, Mind Wandering, Mindfulness, Cognition, and Video Games. Lastly in the final section of this collection, Adolescents, Behavioral Problems, Cyberbullying, Emotional Problems, Sex Difference, Emerging Adult, Identity Processing Styles, Self-Esteem, Social Comparison, Adolescents, Biopsychosocial Model, Body Image, and Disordered Eating are discussed.