La adhesión de la Unión Europea al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos


Book Description

Nos encontramos en un momento histórico de cambios, en el que la palabra “crisis” ha adquirido mayor protagonismoque ninguna otra. El mundo está viviendo una suerte de metamorfosis que, en muy poco tiempo, está reconfigurando el equilibrio ylos mimbres tejidos tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El continente europeo no es ajeno a esta realidad y se halla en un momento crucial debido a la larga lista de crisis a las que debe hacerfrente –crisis financiera, crisis de refugiados, crisis de confianza de los ciudadanos en sus instituciones, deriva autoritaria de Hungría y Polonia, Brexit y un largo etcétera -. Con este telón de fondo, esta obra tiene por objeto ofrecer unexhaustivo análisis sobre la adhesión de la Unión Europea al Convenio Europeode Derechos Humanos basándose en tres pilares; su marco teórico, los problemas jurídicos queentraña y las consecuencias del Dictamen 2/13 del Tribunal de Luxemburgo. La adhesión ha sido calificada como uno de los proyectos políticos europeos más importantes, a pesar de permanecer alejada del foco mediático.Podría afirmarse que la dificultad de este proyecto es proporcional a la gran trascendencia del mismo, teniendo en cuenta que conllevaría la sujeción de la Unión Europea a la jurisdicción del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Además, la adhesión se configura como una auténtica “caja de Pandora” de fascinantes cuestiones sustantivas y procedimentales que constituyen la esencia de este libro. Si ya se trataba de un asunto sumamente complejo, el Dictamen 2/13 no ha hecho sino reavivar el debate y suscitar numerosos interrogantes sobre la naturaleza de la Unión Europea, el diálogo judicial y la defensa de los derechos humanos a los que la presente obra pretende dar respuesta.




The EU Accession to the ECHR


Book Description

Article 6 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) provides that the EU will accede to the system of human rights protection of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Protocol No 9 in the Treaty of Lisbon opens the way for accession. This represents a major change in the relationship between two organisations that have co-operated closely in the past, though the ECHR has hitherto exercised only an indirect constitutional control over the EU legal order through scrutiny of EU Member States. The accession of the EU to the ECHR is expected to put an end to the informal dialogue, and allegedly also competition between the two regimes in Europe and to establish formal (both normative and institutional) hierarchies. In this new era, some old problems will be solved and new ones will appear. Questions of autonomy and independence, of attribution and allocation of responsibility, of co-operation, and legal pluralism will all arise, with consequences for the protection of human rights in Europe. This book seeks to understand how relations between the two organisations are likely to evolve after accession, and whether this new model will bring more coherence in European human rights protection. The book analyses from several different, yet interconnected, points of view and relevant practice the draft Accession Agreement, shedding light on future developments in the ECHR and beyond. Contributions in the book span classic public international law, EU law and the law of the ECHR, and are written by a mix of legal and non-legal experts from academia and practice.




The European Union after Lisbon


Book Description

A few years have passed since the Lisbon Treaty came into force but the question still remains of what the Lisbon Treaty has actually brought about. Was it just 'relatively insignificant' as some scholars have claimed, or was it 'something' more? This book sets out to look at this question and it does so by applying a classical division: polity, politics and policy. One of the book's conclusions is that the Lisbon Treaty might have been 'plan b' compared to the aborted Constitutional Treaty, but it is certainly a substantial step forward on the European path of integration. The Lisbon Treaty strengthened the EU both as a polity (its stateness), and in its politics (the rules and procedures) and in spite of the fact that the treaty was not really a 'policy treaty', it has extended the Union's field by federalizing most of the policies within the area of Justice and Home Affairs. This anthology brings together scholars from four European countries each of them a specialist within the fields they are analyzing. Each scholar adds insights from their area of competence to the book, leaving it an important contribution to the study of today's European Union.




Avatares del proceso de adhesión de la Unión Europea al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos


Book Description

Los ámbitos de intervención de la Unión Europea se expanden a materias particularmente sensibles desde el punto de vista de las libertades públicas, en particular, en materia penal, asilo, inmigración... Cuanto mayor sea el nivel de competencias, mayor debe ser la capacidad de la Unión para asumir su responsabilidad en relación con el ejercicio de esas competencias, desterrando los riesgos de lagunas. Y para dotar de coherencia dicha protección, su adhesión al CEDH sigue siendo necesaria a pesar de los progresos alcanzados. Sin embargo, aún no ha sido posible debido principalmente al Dictamen nº 2/13 del TJUE, en el que rechazó la compatibilidad del Proyecto a través de una exagerada defensa del principio de autonomía, pese a que aquél reflejaba algunas de las peculiares características de nuestro federalismo ejecutivo, contemplando disposiciones inusuales en el Sistema del CEDH. Pero la adhesión constituye una categórica obligación establecida en el artículo 6 TUE y además parece existir una decidida voluntad política de continuar con el proceso. De ahí que las reflexiones de este trabajo se dirijan principalmente hacia la elaboración de propuestas de cara a la renegociación del Proyecto. Es en este ámbito donde planteamos la objeción relativa al principio de confianza mutua, la cual difícilmente podría solventarse en un eventual Proyecto revisado, salvo que caigamos en la cuenta de que en realidad existe un acercamiento mucho mayor entre las doctrinas de las altas jurisdicciones de Estrasburgo y Luxemburgo de lo que dejaba entrever el Dictamen nº 2/13. También es delicada la objeción relativa a la ausencia de tutela judicial efectiva en ciertos ámbitos de la PESC dada la inviabi­lidad de proceder a una reforma de los tratados de la Unión o de insertar una reserva genérica. No obstante, la dimensión exacta de este problema parece bastante relativa si caemos en la cuenta que la jurisprudencia reciente del TJUE va poco a poco erosionando su propia incompetencia en este ámbito. Y las lagunas que aún persistan podrían ser colmadas por los tribunales nacionales como tribunales ordinarios de la Unión. Finalmente, sería necesario insertar meca­nismos de responsabilidad en materia de derechos humanos en los acuer­dos concluidos entre la Unión y los países anfitriones sobre el estatuto de las fuerzas en relación con las misiones desarrolladas en el marco de la PCSD. En definitiva, existen soluciones si realmente hay una clara voluntad de culminar esta vieja aspiración que constituye la adhesión de la Unión al CEDH para aportar legitimidad, seguridad jurí­dica, coherencia y credibilidad al sistema unionista de protección de los derechos humanos.





Book Description




Constituting Europe


Book Description

At fifty, the European Court of Human Rights finds itself in a new institutional setting. With the EU joining the European Convention on Human Rights in the near future, and the Court increasingly having to address the responsibility of states in UN-led military operations, the Court faces important challenges at the national, European and international levels. In light of recent reform discussions, this volume addresses the multi-level relations of the Court by drawing on existing debates, pointing to current deficits and highlighting the need for further improvements.




Spanish Yearbook of International Law


Book Description

The "Spanish Yearbook of International Law" brings together information concerning Spanish legal practice and a bibliography over the period of one year and makes it available to an international readership. It serves as a vehicle for furthering knowledge of Spanish practice in the field of international law among an audience with no knowledge of Spanish. It deals with both private and public international law, taken in a broad sense to include summary treatment of international organizations of which Spain is a member.







Spanish Yearbook of International Law 2001-2002


Book Description

This Yearbook brings together information concerning Spanish legal practice and a bibliography over the period of one year and makes it available to an international readership. It deals with both private and public international law, taken in a broad sense to include summary treatment of international organizations of which Spain is a member.




Interlocking Constitutions


Book Description

The existence of interactions between different but overlapping legal systems has always presented challenges to black letter law. This is particularly true of the relationship between international law and domestic law and the relationship between federal law and the laws of individual federation members. Moreover some organisations have created their own supranational constitutional systems: the United Nations Charter is the best known, and is often referred to as the 'World Constitution', but the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg views the European Treaties as a 'Constitutional Charter' for Europe, while the European Court of Human Rights has defined the European Convention on Human Rights as a constitutional instrument of 'European public order'. It is in the dynamic relationship between domestic constitutional laws, EU law, the ECHR and the UN Charter that the most persistent difficulties arise. In this context 'interordinal instability' not only provokes strong academic interest, but also affects what has been called 'governance' or 'global government' and undermines both legal certainty and individual fundamental rights. Different solutions - constitutionalist and pluralist - have been explored, but none of them has received global acceptance. In this book Luis Gordillo analyses the interordinal instabilities which arise at the European level, focusing on three main strands of case law and their implications: Solange, Bosphorus and Kadi. To solve the difficulties caused by this instability Gordillo proposes a form of soft constitutionalism, which he calls 'interordinal constitutionalism', as a means to bring order and stability to global legal governance. The original Spanish thesis on which this book is based was awarded the Nicolás Pérez Serrano Prize by the Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, for the best dissertation in constitutional law 2009-2010.