La seguridad colectiva internacional


Book Description

Analizar el sistema de seguridad colectiva internacional plasmada en las Cartas Constitutivas de 1919 y 1945 que crearon la Sociedad de Naciones y la Organización de las Naciones Unidas con la óptica del proyecto hegemónico global estadounidense; investigar la adopción de los esquemas de seguridad colectiva internacional establecidos por las superpotencias en los organismos regionales:OTAN, Pacto de Varsovia y OEA-TIAR y, por otro, examinar las implicaciones de dicho enfrentamiento en el interior de la ONU con la aparición de las OMP y en las relaciones ONU-Organismos regionales hasta el fin de la Guerra Fría, analizar las implicaciones del reforzamiento y consolidación de la seguridad colectiva estadounidense en el Consejo de Seguridad con un nuevo orden mundial caracterizado por un contexto de lucha contra el terrorismo, y profundizar en la reestructuración del sistema de seguridad colectiva internacional dentro de las Naciones Unidas. El trabajo así estructurado contiene cuatro capítulos, en el primero trata de la evolución que tuvo la concepción de seguridad colectiva para promover la creación de la Sociedad de Naciones y después, como es institucionalizado, en el Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas. En el segundo capítulo se aborda el desarrollo de los diferentes organismos regionales de seguridad con la óptica de las superpotencias. También trata el surgimiento y evolución de las omp como producto del clima de tensión conocido como Guerra Fría. En el tercer capítulo se analizan las implicaciones del reforzamiento (fin de la Guerra Fría) y consolidación (11-S) del sistema hegemónico global estadounidense en el seno del Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas, concretamente en los casos de Afganistán e Irak, así como también en sus estructuras de defensa regional, como la OTAN y OEA-TIAR. En el cuarto capítulo se abordan las principales propuestas de reforma a la carta de 1945 y la posición de la superpotencia estadounidense dentro de su concepto de “seguridad colectiva estadounidense”, así como las ensas relaciones entre Estados Unidos y Rusia durante la administración Obama (2009-2017) que paralizaron cualquier intento de reformar la Carta de San Francisco y los pronunciamientos y actitudes del presidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, respecto a la Alianza Atlántica.







Glosario Del Banco Mundial


Book Description

This edition of the World Bank has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit in the Languages Services Division of the World Bank in collaboration with the English, Spanish, and French Translation Sections. The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using French and Spanish in their work, and free-lance translator's and interpreters employed by the Bank. For this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of these terms, relating to such fields as agriculture, education, energy, housing, law, technology, and transportation, could be found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference. A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in the Glossary) and a list of international, regional, and national organizations will be found at the end of the Glossary.




Land Reform Revisited


Book Description

Land Reform Revisited engages with contemporary debates on land reform and agrarian transformation in South Africa. The volume offers insights into post-apartheid transformation dynamics through the lens of agency and state making. The chapters written by emerging scholars are based on extensive qualitative research and their analysis highlights the ways in which people negotiate and contest land reform realities and politics. By focusing on the diverse meanings of land and competing interpretations of what constitutes success and failure in land reform Brandt and Mkodzongi insist on looking beyond the productivity discourses guiding research and policy making in the field towards an informed view from below. Contributors are: Kezia Batisai, Femke Brandt, Sarah Bruchhausen, Nerhene Davis, Elene Cloete, Tariro Kamuti, Tarminder Kaur, Grasian Mkodzongi, Camalita Naicker, Fani Ncapayi, Mnqobi Ngubane, and Chizuko Sato.




How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease


Book Description

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.




Disabled Widows


Book Description

Report and compilation of statistical tables resulting from a survey of the handicapped (disabled person), undertaken in 1966 by the social security administration, on demographic aspects and health-related characteristics of handicapped widowed married women in the USA, together with information on their eligibility to receive disability benefits.




Consumer Action Handbook, 2010 Edition


Book Description

Use this guide to get help with consumer purchases, problems and complaints. Find consumer contacts at hundreds of companies and trade associations; local, state, and federal government agencies; national consumer organizations; and more.




Full Planet, Empty Plates: The New Geopolitics of Food Scarcity


Book Description

With food supplies tightening, countries are competing for the land and waterresources needed to feed their people.




World Anthropologies


Book Description

Since its inception, anthropology's authority has been based on the assumption that it is a unified discipline emanating from the West. In an age of heightened globalization, anthropologists have failed to discuss consistently the current status of their practice and its mutations across the globe. World Anthropologies is the first book to provoke this conversation from various regions of the world in order to assess the diversity of relations between regional or national anthropologies and a contested, power-laden Western discourse. Can a planetary anthropology cope with both the 'provincial cosmopolitanism' of alternative anthropologies and the 'metropolitan provincialism' of hegemonic schools? How might the resulting 'world anthropologies' challenge the current panorama in which certain allegedly national anthropological traditions have more paradigmatic weight - and hence more power - than others? Critically examining the international dissemination of anthropology within and across national power fields, contributors address these questions and provide the outline for a veritable world anthropologies project.