Land Tenure, Housing Rights and Gender in Nicaragua
Author :
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 33,99 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN : 9211317762
Author :
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 33,99 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN : 9211317762
Author :
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 36,81 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN : 9211317665
Author :
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 24,85 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN : 9211317789
Author :
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 26,64 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN : 9211317800
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 42,13 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN :
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 30,37 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN :
Author : Clarissa Augustinus
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 30,67 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789211314465
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 46,26 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Housing
ISBN :
Author : Edesio Fernandes
Publisher : Lincoln Inst of Land Policy
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 47,21 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781558442023
In large Latin American cities the number of dwellings in informal settlements ranges from one-tenth to one-third of urban residences. These informal settlements are caused by low income, unrealistic urban planning, lack of serviced land, lack of social housing, and a dysfunctional legal system. The settlements develop over time and some have existed for decades, often becoming part of the regular development of the city, and therefore gaining rights, although usually lacking formal titles. Whether they are established on public or private land, they develop irregularly and often do not have critical public services such as sanitation, resulting in health and environmental hazards. In this report from the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, author Edesio Fernandes, a lawyer and urban planner from Latin America, studies the options for regularization of the informal settlements. Regularization is looked at through established programs in both Peru and Brazil, in an attempt to bring these settlements much needed balance and improvement. In Peru, based on Hernando de Soto's theory that tenure security triggers development and increases property value, from 1996 to 2006, 1.5 million freehold titles were issued at a cost of $64 per household. This did result in an increase of property values by about 25 percent, making the program cost effective. Brazil took a much broader and more costly approach to regularization by not only titling the land, but improving public services, job creation, and community support structures. This program in Brazil has had a cost of between $3,500 to $5,000 per household and has affected a much lower percent of the population. The report offers recommendations for improving regularization policy and identifies issues that must be addressed, such as collecting data with baseline figures to get a true evaluation of the benefit of programs established. Also, it shows that each individual informal settlement must have a customized plan, as a single approach will not work for each settlement. There is a need to include both genders for long-term effectiveness and to find ways to make the regularization self-sustaining financially. Any program must be closely monitored to insure the conditions are improved for the marginalized, as well as be sure it is not causing new informal settlements to be established.
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 20,3 MB
Release : 2021-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 1464816530
Women, Business and the Law 2021 is the seventh in a series of annual studies measuring the laws and regulations that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies. The project presents eight indicators structured around women’s interactions with the law as they move through their lives and careers: Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension. This year’s report updates all indicators as of October 1, 2020 and builds evidence of the links between legal gender equality and women’s economic inclusion. By examining the economic decisions women make throughout their working lives, as well as the pace of reform over the past 50 years, Women, Business and the Law 2021 makes an important contribution to research and policy discussions about the state of women’s economic empowerment. Prepared during a global pandemic that threatens progress toward gender equality, this edition also includes important findings on government responses to COVID-19 and pilot research related to childcare and women’s access to justice.