Le nouveau système continental de maintien de la paix en Afrique subsaharienne au début du XXIe siècle


Book Description

Le nouveau système africain de maintien de la paix trouve son fondement dans les transformations intervenues dans la société internationale dès le début de la décennie 1990. Il est simultanément une réponse aux limites des mécanismes antérieurs de règlement des conflits en Afrique et une réaction régionale à l'évolution de la stratégie onusienne vers un partage de responsabilité avec les organisations régionales. Il ouvre en tout état de cause une nouvelle page du maintien de la paix en Afrique et élève les OIG africaines au rang des principaux acteurs de la prévention, de la gestion et du règlement des conflits sur le continent. L'activisme des OIG africaines dans les processus de paix en Côte d'Ivoire, au Darfour (Soudan), en Somalie, en République centrafricaine et dans plusieurs autres situations de conflit en Afrique subsaharienne, atteste de cette place centrale désormais occupée par le nouveau système continental. Ces multiples initiatives de paix prises en moins d'une décennie, ne permettent pas de conclure à l'existence d'une culture stratégique africaine. Mais elles établissent tout au moins les prémisses d'une emprise de l'Etat africain sur le nouveau système de sécurité. Il découle en effet des fonctions et des pouvoirs des nouvelles structures de sécurité collective que l'Etat africain se situe au coeur du système continental de sécurité en ce sens qu'il en est le principal, voire l'unique sujet et objet. Cependant les nouveaux conflits africains impliquent une multitude d'acteurs autres que les Etats, d'où l'une des principales incohérences du système. Par ailleurs, la configuration des différentes organes ainsi que l'articulation de leurs compétences et pouvoirs respectifs, suscitent d'importantes réserves sur l'aptitude du nouveau système à assurer la prévention, la gestion et le règlement des nouveaux conflits africains. C'est ainsi que les principales limites du nouveau sytème continental de sécurité sont, pour l'essentiel, inhérentes à sa conception. Il aurait ainsi besoin moins d'un appui d'Etats et d'OIG étrangers, que d'un renforcement interne consistant principalement en la restauration de l'autorité du Conseil de paix et de sécurité (CSP) de l'UA qui semble être plus une structure de représentation étatique qu'un organe central d'une fonction de prévention, de gestion et de règlement des conflits.










Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century


Book Description

The result of years of work by scholars from all over the world, The UNESCO General History of Africa reflects how the different peoples of Africa view their civilizations and shows the historical relationships between the various parts of the continent. Historical connections with other continents demonstrate Africa's contribution to the development of human civilization. Each volume is lavishly illustrated and contains a comprehensive bibliography. This fifth volume of the acclaimed series covers the history of the continent from the beginning of the sixteenth century to the close of the eighteenth century in which two themes emerge: first, the continuing internal evolution of the states and cultures of Africa during this period second, the increasing involvement of Africa in external trade--with major but unforeseen consequences for the whole world. In North Africa, we see the Ottomans conquer Egypt. South of the Sahara, some of the larger, older states collapse, and new power bases emerge. Traditional religions continue to coexist with both Christianity (suffering setbacks) and Islam (in the ascendancy). Along the coast, particularly of West Africa, Europeans establish a trading network which, with the development of New World plantation agriculture, becomes the focus of the international slave trade. The immediate consequences of this trade for Africa are explored, and it is argued that the long-term global consequences include the foundation of the present world-economy with all its built-in inequalities.




Soldiers in Revolt


Book Description

Soldiers in Revolt examines the understudied phenomenon of military mutinies in Africa. Through interviews with former mutineers in Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, and The Gambia, the book provides a unique and intimate perspective on those who take the risky decision to revolt. This view from the lower ranks is key to comprehending the internal struggles that can threaten a military's ability to function effectively. Maggie Dwyer's detailed accounts of specific revolts are complemented by an original dataset of West African mutinies covering more than fifty years, allowing for the identification of trends. Her book shows the complex ways mutineers often formulate and interpret their grievances against a backdrop of domestic and global politics. Just as mutineers have been influenced by the political landscape, so too have they shaped it. Mutinies have challenged political and military leaders, spurred social unrest, led to civilian casualties, threatened peacekeeping efforts and, in extreme cases, resulted in international interventions. Soldiers in Revolt offers a better understanding of West African mutinies and mutinies in general, valuable not only for military studies but for anyone interested in the complex dynamics of African states.




Political Armies


Book Description

Does the withdrawal of armies from direct rule in most countries herald an end to their role as actors in domestic politics? Has political intervention by the military been superseded? This comparative examination of the politicized armed forces looks at * the consequences of military rule for nation building and economic development * the effects of the passing of the Cold War and the rise of globalization on the political role of the military * the role of political armies in the consolidation of civil politics and democratic governance * the lessons for policy makers in global governance and post-conflict reconstruction The contributors build on successive theories about the role of the military in politics and look to the future. The most threatening scenario may be a proliferation of armed actors and the rise of privatized forces of law and order.




Africa Since 1935


Book Description

The hardcover edition of volume 8 was published in 1994. This paperback edition is the eighth and final volume to be published in the UNESCO General History of Africa. Volume 8 examines the period from 1935 to the present, and details the role of African states in the Second World War and the rise of postwar Africa. This is one of the most important books in the entire series, and as such, it is an unabridged paperback.




The Continental Shelf


Book Description




UNESCO General History of Africa, Vol. I, Abridged Edition


Book Description

"This volume covers the period from the end of the Neolithic era to the beginning of the seventh century of our era. This lengthy period includes the civilization of Ancient Egypt, the history of Nubia, Ethiopia, North Africa and the Sahara, as well as of the other regions of the continent and its islands."--Publisher's description




2nd Pan-African Symposium on the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Africa


Book Description

This bilingual publication results from a four-day symposium aimed at capturing the general directions and analytical issues that characterize approaches to sustainable use in Africa. The papers included in this work are organized under four major headings: modes of use, devolution, scale issues and external issues. Authors explore these themes through the use of case studies and the description of specific regional experiences. External issues are further explored in a series of commissioned policy papers which have also been included.