Liberal Ideas in Tsarist Russia


Book Description

Liberalism is a crucially important topic today; this book adds the important yet neglected Russian aspect to its history.




The History of Liberalism in Russia


Book Description

Foreword by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Translated by Parmen Leontovitsch The influence of liberalism in tsarist Russia is deeply problematic to most historians. In this highly original study, Victor Leontovitsch offers a reinterpretation of liberalism in a uniquely Russian form. He documents the struggles to develop civil society and individual liberties in imperial Russia up until their ultimate demise in the face of war, revolution, and the collapse of the old regime. From Catherine the Great's proposal of freedom for serfs born after a predetermined year, through the creation of zemstvos by Alexander II, and the emergence of the State Duma and a quasi-constitutional monarchy under Nicholas II, Leontovitsch chronicles the ebb and flow of liberal thought and action in the difficult circumstances of tsarist Russia. He cites numerous examples of debates over civil rights, property laws, emancipation, local jurisdiction, political rights, and constitutional proposals. Focusing on liberal reforms and reformers within the governing elite, Leontovitsch draws important distinctions between factions of radical (but fundamentally illiberal) progressives and true (but often concealed) liberalism. This is the first English-language translation of Leontovitsch's monumental work, which was originally published to critical acclaim in German in 1957. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn sponsored a Russian edition in 1980, and his introduction is translated for the foreword of this edition. With a wide readership in today's Russia, The History of Liberalism in Russia continues to resonate as a penetrating analysis of the historical precedents of liberal thought and its potential as a counterweight to current autocratic tendencies and the uncertainties of Russia's political future.




Liberalism in Pre-revolutionary Russia


Book Description

Nineteenth-century Russian intellectuals were faced with a dilemma. They had to choose between modernizing their country, thus imitating the West, or reaffirming what was perceived as their country's own values and thereby risk remaining socially underdeveloped and unable to compete with Western powers. Scholars have argued that this led to the emergence of an anti-Western, anti-modern ethnic nationalism. In this innovative book, Susanna Rabow-Edling shows that there was another solution to the conflicting agendas of modernization and cultural authenticity – a Russian liberal nationalism. This nationalism took various forms during the long nineteenth century, but aimed to promote reforms through a combination of liberalism, nationalism and imperialism.




Legal Philosophies of Russian Liberalism


Book Description

The author aims to show that the liberal intellectual tradition in pre-revolutionary Russia was in fact much stronger than is usually believed, the main concern of Russia's liberal thinkers being the problem of the rule of law. He concentrates on six thinkers: Chicherin, Soloviev, Petrzycki, Novgorodtsev, Kistiakovsky, and Hessen. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR




Russian Studies


Book Description

Essays by Schapiro on the political and intellectual history of late Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union.




Russian Liberalism


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Autochthonous and Practical Liberals


Book Description

This study investigates a strain of liberal thought based on materials published in the thick journal Vestnik Evropy, which formed a unique synapse in the matrix of Russian social thought. The period under examination, 1892-1903, was a testing ground for liberal values as Finance Minister Sergey Witte forced industrialization on an agrarian society. With the Witte System as background, the Vestnik liberals articulated an alternative socio-economic development program to those of the Finance Ministry, the Marxists, and the populists. The dissertation also analyzes Vestnik Evropy as an institution with a unique interpretation of late imperial politics. The first part integrates the biographies of Vestnik's main contributors - founder and chief editor Mikhail Stasiulevich, de facto council and domestic expert Konstantin Arseniev, historian and literary scholar Alexander Pypin, and foreign policy and economics specialist Leonid Slonimskii. The second part explores Vestnik's conceptual affinity with populism, the evolution of its views on the agrarian crisis and the peasantry, and its eventual separation from populism. The second part also focuses on the articulation of an economic democracy beyond the commune through the extension of local self-government, or zemstvo, rights and responsibilities and the part they played in amortizing modernization's effects. The third part examines Vestnik's criticism of Marxist ideology, how the authors associated it with a justification of the late imperial modernization, and their articulation of a humane form of modernization and a new definition of a moral economy that evaluates modernization from its effects on the local level.




Russia Under the Last Tsar


Book Description

Russia Under the Last Tsar was first published in 1969. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. The reign of Russia's last tsar, Nicholas II, from 1894 to 1917, constitutes a period of continuing controversy among historians. Interesting in its own right, it is also a time of great importance to an understanding of the cataclysmic events which followed in Russian history. In this volume eight scholars contribute interpretive essays on some of the most significant forces and issues in Imperial Russia during the two decades before the revolutions. Professor Stavrou writes an introductory essay. The other essays and authors are: "on Interpreting the Fate of Imperial Russia" by Arthur Mendel, University of Michigan; "Russian Conservative Thought before the Revolution" by Robert F. Brynes, Indiana University; "Russian Radical Thought, 1894–1917" by Donald W. Treadgold, University of Washington; "Russian Constitutional Developments" by Thomas Riha, University of Colorado; "Problems of Industrialization in Russia" by Theodore Von Laue, Washington University; "Politics, Universities, and Science" by Alexander Vucinich, University of Illinois; "The Cultural Renaissance" by Gleb Struve, formerly of the University of California, Berkeley; and "Some Imperatives of Russian Foreign Policy" by Roderick E. McGrew, Temple University. The book is illustrated with photographs of some of the principal figures in the history of the period, and there are a bibliography and index. As Professor Stavrou points out in his preface, the contributors did not consult with one another before preparing their respective essays, and the various approaches are refreshingly different in their assessments of the period. The book as a whole provides a panoramic view of the fascinating Russia of Nicholas and Alexandra. It will be interesting to general readers and especially useful as a textbook for courses in Russian or modern European history.




Russian Conservatism and Its Critics


Book Description

Why have Russians chosen unlimited autocracy throughout their history? Why is democracy unable to flourish in Russia?