Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Production - Cost Analysis - LAS E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) production from linear alkylbenzene (LAB) and oleum. The process examined is a conventional sulfonation process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Fuming Sulfuric Acid, Acid Slurry, LABS




Methyl Ester Sulfonate Production Process - Cost Analysis - MES E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) production from palm oil The process examined consists of two steps: a transesterification step similar to Lurgi Transesterification process and a sulfonation step similar to Chemithon process. In this process, palm oil and methanol are reacted forming methyl ester, which is then sulfonated to Methyl Ester Sulfonate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8288574, issued to Lurgi in 2012 (2) Handbook of Detergents, Part F: Production Keywords: Methyl Alcohol, Sulfur Burning, Air/SO3 Sulfonation




Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Production - Cost Analysis - LAS E21A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (LAS) production from linear alkylbenzene (LAB) and sulfur. The process examined is a conventional sulfonation process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Sulfur, Sulfur Trioxide, LABS




Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate Production - Cost Analysis - SLES E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) production from chlorosulfonic acid, lauryl ethoxylate, and sodium hydroxide. The process examined is a typical sulfation process. In the process examined, lauryl ethoxylate reacts with chlorosulfonic acid (sulfation). The product is neutralized with sodium hydroxide, producing the surfactant. The final product obtained is SLES, containing 70 wt% of active matter. In addition, hydrochloric acid (33 wt%) is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Sulfonation and Sulfation", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition (2) Handbook of Detergents, Part F: Production Keywords: Sodium Laureth Sulfate, SLS, Caustic Soda, Sulfation, Sulfurylation




Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate Production - Cost Analysis - ALS E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate (ALS) production from chlorosulfonic acid, lauryl alcohol, and ammonium hydroxide. The process examined is a typical sulfonation process. In the process examined, lauryl alcohol reacts with chlorosulfuric acid (sulfonation). The product is neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, producing the surfactant. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Ammonium Sodecyl Sulfate, Ammonia Solution, Sulfation, Sulfurylation




Aluminum Sulfate Production Process - Cost Analysis - Aluminum Sulfate E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of a typical Aluminum Sulfate production process from bauxite and sulfuric acid. In this process, prepared bauxite ore is subjected to reaction with sulfuric acid, producing Aluminum Sulfate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Aluminum Sulphate, Alum, Sulphuric Acid




Nylon 6, 6 Production - Cost Analysis - Nylon 66 E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Nylon 6,6 production from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA). The process examined is a typical batch polymerization process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Batch Process, Lurgi Zimmer, Uhde Inventa-Fischer, Polycondensation




Silicone Surfactant Production - Cost Analysis - Silicone E11A


Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of a process for Silicone-Polyethylene Glycol production. In this process, cyclic siloxanes are copolymerized with SI-H fluid, using hexamethyldichlorosiloxanes as chain broker for molecular weight control. The polymer is then reacted with allyl polyethylene glycol (PEG) to generate the silicone surfactant. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Silicone Surfactant, Silicone, Modified Silicone Fluid, Emulsifiers




Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids


Book Description

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids is a comprehensive manual that provides end users with information about oil field chemicals, such as drilling muds, corrosion and scale inhibitors, gelling agents and bacterial control. This book is an extension and update of Oil Field Chemicals published in 2003, and it presents a compilation of materials from literature and patents, arranged according to applications and the way a typical job is practiced. The text is composed of 23 chapters that cover oil field chemicals arranged according to their use. Each chapter follows a uniform template, starting with a brief overview of the chemical followed by reviews, monomers, polymerization, and fabrication. The different aspects of application, including safety and environmental impacts, for each chemical are also discussed throughout the chapters. The text also includes handy indices for trade names, acronyms and chemicals. Petroleum, production, drilling, completion, and operations engineers and managers will find this book invaluable for project management and production. Non-experts and students in petroleum engineering will also find this reference useful. - Chemicals are ordered by use including drilling muds, corrosion inhibitors, and bacteria control - Includes cutting edge chemicals and polymers such as water soluble polymers and viscosity control - Handy index of chemical substances as well as a general chemical index




Biological Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery


Book Description

Biological treatment of wastewater is a low-cost solution for remediation of wastewater. This book focuses on the bioremediation of wastewater, its management, monitoring, role of biofilms on wastewater treatment and energy recovery. It emphasizes on organic, inorganic and micropollutants entering into the environment after conventional wastewater treatment facilities of industrial, agricultural and domestic wastewaters. The occurrence of persistent pollutants poses deleterious effects on human and environmental health. Simple solution for recovery of energy as well as water during biological treatment of wastewater is a viable option. This book provides necessary knowledge and experimental studies on emerging bioremediation processes for reducing water, air and soil pollution.