Author : Andreas Kathol
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 38,87 MB
Release : 2000
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198237341
This volume makes a case for a critical reassessment of the wide-spread view that syntax can be reduced to tree structures, arguing for concepts that are defined in terms of linear order. By connecting the descriptive tools of modern phrase-structure grammar with traditional descriptive scholarship, Andreas Kathol offers a new perspective on many long-standing problems in syntactic theory.
Author : Markus F. Brameier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 35,97 MB
Release : 2007-02-25
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0387310304
Linear Genetic Programming presents a variant of Genetic Programming that evolves imperative computer programs as linear sequences of instructions, in contrast to the more traditional functional expressions or syntax trees. Typical GP phenomena, such as non-effective code, neutral variations, and code growth are investigated from the perspective of linear GP. This book serves as a reference for researchers; it includes sufficient introductory material for students and newcomers to the field.
Author : Laurent Miclet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 12,21 MB
Release : 1996-09-16
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540617785
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Colloquium on Grammatical Inference, ICGI-96, held in Montpellier, France, in September 1996. The 25 revised full papers contained in the book together with two invited key papers by Magerman and Knuutila were carefully selected for presentation at the conference. The papers are organized in sections on algebraic methods and algorithms, natural language and pattern recognition, inference and stochastic models, incremental methods and inductive logic programming, and operational issues.
Author : Jose M. Sallan
Publisher : OmniaScience
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 15,48 MB
Release : 2015-09-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 8494422936
Linear programming is one of the most extensively used techniques in the toolbox of quantitative methods of optimization. One of the reasons of the popularity of linear programming is that it allows to model a large variety of situations with a simple framework. Furthermore, a linear program is relatively easy to solve. The simplex method allows to solve most linear programs efficiently, and the Karmarkar interior-point method allows a more efficient solving of some kinds of linear programming. The power of linear programming is greatly enhanced when came the opportunity of solving integer and mixed integer linear programming. In these models all or some of the decision variables are integers, respectively. In this book we provide a brief introduction to linear programming, together with a set of exercises that introduce some applications of linear programming. We will also provide an introduction to solve linear programming in R. For each problem a possible solution through linear programming is introduced, together with the code to solve it in R and its numerical solution.
Author : Monica Gordon-Pershey
Publisher : Plural Publishing
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 35,24 MB
Release : 2022-02-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1944883568
Grammar and Syntax: Developing School-Age Children's Oral and Written Language Skills provides insight for clinical speech-language pathologists (SLPs) as well as students and faculty in communication sciences and disorders programs. Offering a practicing speech-language pathologist’s perspective on school-age language development, this professional reference book focuses on later language development and the crucial role oral grammar and syntax plays in successful academic performance. This resource synthesizes the four main components of professional expertise for SLPs: academic and theoretical knowledge, strategies for gathering diagnostic evidence, the ability to seek, understand, and apply evolving scientific evidence, and the application of therapeutic strategies. Designed to encourage creative approaches to curriculum-based speech-language therapy practices, Grammar and Syntax: Developing School-Age Children's Oral and Written Language Skills provides the foundation SLPs need to help children and adolescents achieve academic success. Key Features: * Anticipation guides at the beginning of each chapter stimulate readers to prepare for reading * Bolded key terms and a comprehensive glossary improve retention of material * Related resources in addition to cited sources provide jumping off points for deeper understanding * Tables of language development references to use at-a-glance * An evidence-based approach that references many primary and historical sources, including the “big names” in each content area * A unique combination of the perspectives of language development and language disorders with literacy development and literacy difficulties
Author : Tibor Kiss
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 726 pages
File Size : 40,78 MB
Release : 2015-02-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3110393166
This Handbook represents the development of research and the current level of knowledge in the fields of syntactic theory and syntax analysis. Syntax can look back to a long tradition. Especially in the last 50 years, however, the interaction between syntactic theory and syntactic analysis has led to a rapid increase in analyses and theoretical suggestions. This second edition of the Handbook on Syntax adopts a unifying perspective and therefore does not place the division of syntactic theory into several schools to the fore, but the increase in knowledge resulting from the fruitful argumentations between syntactic analysis and syntactic theory. It uses selected phenomena of individual languages and their cross-linguistic realizations to explain what syntactic analyses can do and at the same time to show in what respects syntactic theories differ from each other. It investigates how syntax is related to neighbouring disciplines and investigate the role of the interfaces especially the relationship between syntax and phonology, morphology, compositional semantics, pragmatics, and the lexicon. The phenomena chosen bring together renowned experts in syntax, and represent the consensus reached as to what has to be considered as an important as well as illustrative syntactic phenomenon. The phenomena discuss do not only serve to show syntactic analyses, but also to compare theoretical approaches with each other.
Author : Richard S. Kayne
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 38,62 MB
Release : 1994-12-14
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262611077
It is standardly assumed that Universal Grammar (UG) allows a given hierarchical representation to be associated with more than one linear order. This book proposes a restrictive theory of word order and phrase structure that denies this assumption. According to this theory, phrase structure always completely determines linear order, so that if two phrases differ in linear order, they must also differ in hierarchical structure. It is standardly assumed that Universal Grammar (UG) allows a given hierarchical representation to be associated with more than one linear order. For example, English and Japanese phrases consisting of a verb and its complement are thought of as symmetrical to one another, differing only in linear order. The Antisymmetry of Syntax proposes a restrictive theory of word order and phrase structure that denies this assumption. According to this theory, phrase structure always completely determines linear order, so that if two phrases differ in linear order, they must also differ in hierarchical structure. More specifically, Richard Kayne shows that asymmetric c-command invariably maps into linear precedence. From this follows, with few further hypotheses, a highly specific theory of word order in UG: that complement positions must always follow their associated head, and that specifiers and adjoined elements must always precede the phrase that they are sister to. A further result is that standard X-bar theory is not a primitive component of UG. Rather, X-bar theory expresses a set of antisymmetric properties of phrase structure. This antisymmetry is inherited from the more basic antisymmetry of linear order. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph No. 25
Author : Diego Gabriel Krivochen
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 37,62 MB
Release : 2023-08-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9004542310
What is the most descriptively and explanatorily adequate format for syntactic structures and how are they constrained? Different theories of syntax have provided various answers: sets, feature structures, tree diagrams... Building on formal and empirical insights from a wide variety of approaches spanning more than 70 years (including Transformational Grammar, Relational Grammar, Lexical-Functional Grammar, and Tree Adjoining Grammar), this monograph develops a new, mathematically grounded, framework in which objects known as graphs, and the constraints that follow from them, are argued to provide the best characterisation of the system of expressions and relations that make up natural language grammars. This new approach is motivated and exemplified via detailed and formally explicit analyses of major syntactic phenomena in English and Spanish.
Author : John McH. Sinclair
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 41,11 MB
Release : 2006-11-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027293066
People have a natural propensity to understand language text as a succession of smallish chunks, whether they are reading, writing, speaking or listening. Linguists have found that this propensity can shed light on the nature and structure of language, and there are many studies which attempt to harness the potential of natural chunking.This book explores the role of chunking in the description of discourse, especially spoken discourse. It appears that chunking offers a sound but flexible platform on which can be built a descriptive model which is more open and comprehensive than more familiar approaches to structural description. The model remains linear, in that it avoids hierarchies, and it concentrates on the combinatorial patterns of text. The linear approach turns out to have many advantages, bringing together under one descriptive method a wide variety of different styles of speech and writing. It is complementary to established grammars, but it raises pertinent questions about many of their assumptions.
Author : Jürgen M. Meisel
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 523 pages
File Size : 38,20 MB
Release : 1979-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027209081
The term 'word order studies' designates an area of syntax which has become an increasingly central theme in linguistic research. Since, in at least a narrow sense, syntax is the study of how meaningful elements are put together to form sentences, a preoccupation with word order would seem inherent in any syntactic study. However, the focus implied by 'word order studies' is anything but trivial, going as it does to the heart of two vital areas of linguistic theory: language universals, and the form of linguistic models. The present collection of papers offers the reader an opportunity to examine some of the more recent ideas in this broad area, concentrating on some of the more controversial issues within the generative-transformational model.
