Los Angeles County Office of Diversion and Reentry's Supportive Housing Program


Book Description

Los Angeles County is home to the largest jail system in the world and has one of the most acute homelessness problems in the United States, with nearly 59,000 people experiencing homelessness there. Because of the lack of affordable housing and social services in the community, LA County jail has seen an increase in the number of individuals with complex clinical needs. A recent initiative designed to tackle these issues is the Department of Health Services' Office of Diversion and Reentry's supportive housing program, which provides housing coupled with case management. This report presents early interim findings about this program. Researchers found six-month and 12-month housing stability rates of 91 percent and 74 percent, respectively. Of the cohort that had been placed in housing more than a year ago, 14 percent had new felony convictions.




Examining Implementation of the Los Angeles County Office of Diversion and Reentry Supportive Housing Program


Book Description

The Office of Diversion and Reentry (ODR) in Los Angeles County operates jail-based clinical diversion programs designed to help individuals with serious mental health diagnoses. The largest of these programs is the ODR Housing Program, which has diverted more than 3,000 individuals since its inception in 2016. Given the community's interest in providing alternatives to incarceration, eliminating racial disparities in incarcerated and jailed mental health populations, and addressing the overwhelming rates of homelessness in Los Angeles County, continuing to expand and refine this model will be important in supporting the county's "care first, jails last" vision. The authors of this report describe the program's implementation, including how participants are identified and enrolled, what services are provided, and what resources are needed to operate the program; identify program facilitators and challenges, as expressed by program administrators and key service providers; and obtain participant perspectives on the ODR Housing Program. The insights provided in this report should help program staff expand and refine efforts associated with the program. This research into how the ODR Housing Program operates might also serve as a roadmap for other jurisdictions looking to implement similar initiatives; provide context for interpreting past and future evaluations of the program's effectiveness; and, through an examination of provider and client viewpoints on the program, provide a perspective often missing from evaluations that focus primarily on outcomes.







Decriminalizing Mental Illness


Book Description

Reports reveal an increase in the number of individuals with serious mental illness in jails, prisons and forensic hospitals. Despite the wide-ranging and devastating consequences of this 'criminalization' of mental illness, there remains a lack of information on the subject as well as on the provision of care for these patients. This important new book fills a gap in the literature by examining topics such as: the history and policy factors related to criminalization; original research on forensic populations; pharmacological and psychological treatment strategies; and principles and guidelines for diversion out of the criminal justice system. Contributions from leading experts in the field further our understanding of this important subject, offering advice on how to provide humane care for patients. A must have for all mental health clinicians including psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, rehabilitation therapists, and mental health nurses. A useful tool for mental health administrators and policy makers.




Homelessness


Book Description

Homelessness is a global problem that has been a focus of attention of politicians or government officials from different government agencies. Combined with mental illness, they affect not only the homeless individuals, but entire communities as well. It is more challenging to house homeless people with mental illness. Providing them a house does not solve the problem; keeping them housed is the real issue. Proposition 63, also known as the Mental Health Services Act (MHSA), introduced by former Assembly member Darrell Steinberg was approved by voters in 2004. It imposes an additional 1% income tax from California taxpayers earning at least $1 million to fund the county mental health programs for children, Transitional Age Youth (TAY), adults, older adults and families. One of those programs is MHSA Housing which is being implemented by the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health (LACDMH). Permanent supportive housing for homeless individuals with serious mental illness were built with supportive services provided by case managers. However once moved in to their fully furnished apartments, the problem becomes housing retention across all ages, that includes TAY, adult, and older adult. Based on previous studies conducted by different researchers, TAY population is the most challenging group to retain housing. Mental health clinicians, case managers and property managers who are involved in the implementation of the MHSA Housing program tend to agree with the researchers' findings. This researcher wants to study and discover the reason behind the low housing retention among TAY clients of the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health, and the role of their case managers. This study will also explore and identify the root causes of the problem and determine the potential alternative solutions. Finding the right solutions will keep the vulnerable TAY with mental illness safe and stable. The right solutions for the right individuals can potentially improve the mental health and quality of life of homeless TAY with mental illness. Housing retention will reduce hospitalization expenses and risk of incarceration for homeless mentally ill TAY. Finally, it will decrease the number of homeless individuals and families in Los Angeles County which will lead to a safer and cleaner environment.




Permanent Supportive Housing in Los Angeles County


Book Description

Despite the rising supply of permanent supportive housing (PSH) in Los Angeles and the growing focus on policies and reforms aimed at increasing this housing stock, there is a notable lack of information on the number of units available or under construction, the funding sources related to these efforts, and barriers to construction. Without this information, policymakers and services providers can neither evaluate the efficacy of policy interventions nor, more importantly, adequately place and serve the unhoused. Permanent Supportive Housing in Los Angeles County: A Map-Based Tool is a database that aggregates administrative data from various city, county, and state agencies; real estate databases; media reports; and other sources. To the authors' knowledge, it represents the first comprehensive attempt to combine financing, land use, and service operation records for PSH projects across all of Los Angeles County into a publicly available map-based tool that allows the data to be sorted, filtered, or downloaded by the user. The purpose of the tool is to provide a comprehensive set of information to facilitate planning, policymaking, and research related to the supply of PSH aimed at addressing chronic homelessness in the Los Angeles region. The authors expect that the database will be maintained and updated over time and welcome contributions and corrections from users, who may have more accurate knowledge of project specifics than the authors could glean from public records.




An Analysis of Permanent and Supportive Housing Programs and Their Impact on the Population of Those Experiencing Homelessness in Los Angeles County


Book Description

The social problem of homelessness is as complex as it is persistent. Research on the potential causes of homelessness is widely available and varied. The area of research that is severely lacking is the study of public programs created to address the issue and their effectiveness. More specifically, research dedicated to the effectiveness of permanent and supportive housing programs is limited. This study aims to deepen the understanding of public programs that address the multiple causes of homelessness. Permanent and supportive housing programs are the only programs meant to address the multiple symptoms of homelessness that have been established at this time. It is crucial for more research to be dedicated to the effectiveness of permanent and supportive housing programs to address the expanding homelessness crisis facing Los Angeles County. The proposed study seeks to contribute to and expand the research on public programs created to address the multifaceted issue of homelessness.




Housing Resources Guide


Book Description




Predicting Exits from Permanent Supportive Housing in Los Angeles


Book Description

Permanent supportive housing programs, which provide high-need homeless individuals with long-term housing and supportive services, are thought to be crucial for addressing chronic homelessness. However, many individuals who enroll into permanent supportive housing programs exit within a short period of time, often to unsuitable destinations. This paper utilizes a random survival forest model to predict the outcomes of permanent supportive housing programs in Los Angeles County. The model demonstrates moderate success out-of-sample, with a concordance of 75% between expected risk of exit and observed length of stay. The identification of negative outcomes is similarly successful, with an AUC of 0.7. Organization-level covariates are found to be the most important predictors. Other important factors include age, previous homeless experience, and variables related to client income and benefits. On the other hand, most demographic variables, client health, and client disabilities are found to play relatively small roles in predicting outcomes.




City of Inmates


Book Description

Los Angeles incarcerates more people than any other city in the United States, which imprisons more people than any other nation on Earth. This book explains how the City of Angels became the capital city of the world's leading incarcerator. Marshaling more than two centuries of evidence, historian Kelly Lytle Hernandez unmasks how histories of native elimination, immigrant exclusion, and black disappearance drove the rise of incarceration in Los Angeles. In this telling, which spans from the Spanish colonial era to the outbreak of the 1965 Watts Rebellion, Hernandez documents the persistent historical bond between the racial fantasies of conquest, namely its settler colonial form, and the eliminatory capacities of incarceration. But City of Inmates is also a chronicle of resilience and rebellion, documenting how targeted peoples and communities have always fought back. They busted out of jail, forced Supreme Court rulings, advanced revolution across bars and borders, and, as in the summer of 1965, set fire to the belly of the city. With these acts those who fought the rise of incarceration in Los Angeles altered the course of history in the city, the borderlands, and beyond. This book recounts how the dynamics of conquest met deep reservoirs of rebellion as Los Angeles became the City of Inmates, the nation's carceral core. It is a story that is far from over.