Management as Deliberation


Book Description

This is an unusual and important longitudinal study of the complexities of getting things done in large corporations. It is based on interviews with Swedish industrial leaders, interviewed in 1990, and thirty years later in 2020. These industrialists and business leaders reached their top positions in major corporations through a series of learning events, mapping their approach to complexities today. The experiential background typically is internationalized business-to-business (including SKF, Scania, Atlas Copco, Stora Enso), other industries are represented as well, including banks (Handelsbanken), shipping (Stena Line), airlines (SAS), finance, and consumer goods (Volvo Cars). About 675 such learning events were analyzed. The main finding is that they deal with “surprising” situations; being “thrown” into an unfamiliar context. Many of the events analysed focus on periods when uncertainty was at maximum, and the executives needed to construct a credible explanation to why expectations were not met. At that point, what should be done? And how best to persuade others of the merits of the proposed actions? Going into action in these “surprising situations”, means accepting an unknown risk of failure.







Management as Deliberation


Book Description

This is an unusual and important longitudinal study of the complexities of getting things done in large corporations. It is based on interviews with Swedish industrial leaders, interviewed in 1990, and thirty years later in 2020. These industrialists and business leaders reached their top positions in major corporations through a series of learning events, mapping their approach to complexities today. The experiential background typically is internationalized business-to-business (including SKF, Scania, Atlas Copco, Stora Enso), other industries are represented as well, including banks (Handelsbanken), shipping (Stena Line), airlines (SAS), finance, and consumer goods (Volvo Cars). About 675 such learning events were analyzed. The main finding is that they deal with "surprising" situations; being "thrown" into an unfamiliar context. Many of the events analysed focus on periods when uncertainty was at maximum, and the executives needed to construct a credible explanation to why expectations were not met. At that point, what should be done? And how best to persuade others of the merits of the proposed actions? Going into action in these "surprising situations", means accepting an unknown risk of failure.




Understanding Risk


Book Description

Understanding Risk addresses a central dilemma of risk decisionmaking in a democracy: detailed scientific and technical information is essential for making decisions, but the people who make and live with those decisions are not scientists. The key task of risk characterization is to provide needed and appropriate information to decisionmakers and the public. This important new volume illustrates that making risks understandable to the public involves much more than translating scientific knowledge. The volume also draws conclusions about what society should expect from risk characterization and offers clear guidelines and principles for informing the wide variety of risk decisions that face our increasingly technological society. Frames fundamental questions about what risk characterization means. Reviews traditional definitions and explores new conceptual and practical approaches. Explores how risk characterization should inform decisionmakers and the public. Looks at risk characterization in the context of the entire decisionmaking process. Understanding Risk discusses how risk characterization has fallen short in many recent controversial decisions. Throughout the text, examples and case studiesâ€"such as planning for the long-term ecological health of the Everglades or deciding on the operation of a waste incineratorâ€"bring key concepts to life. Understanding Risk will be important to anyone involved in risk issues: federal, state, and local policymakers and regulators; risk managers; scientists; industrialists; researchers; and concerned individuals.




Organizational Routines


Book Description

Over the past 15 years, organizational routines have been increasingly investigated from a process perspective to challenge the idea that routines are stable entities that are mindlessly enacted. A process perspective explores how routines are performed by specific people in specific settings. It shows how action, improvisation, and novelty are part of routine performances. It also departs from a view of routines as "black boxes" that transform inputs into organizational outputs and places attention on the actual actions and patterns that comprise routines. Routines are both effortful accomplishments, in that it takes effort to perform, sustain, or change them, and emergent accomplishments, because sometimes the effort to perform routines leads to unforeseen change. While a process perspective has enabled scholars to open up the 'black box' of routines and explore their actions and patterns in fine-grained, dynamic ways, there is much more work to be done. Chapters in this volume make considerable progress, through the three main themes expressed across these chapters. These are: Zooming out to understand routines in larger contexts; Zooming in to reveal actor dispositions and skill; and Innovation, creativity and routines in ambiguous contexts.




Balancing Reactivity and Social Deliberation in Multi-Agent Systems


Book Description

This book presents a subselection of papers presented at the ECAI 2000 Workshop on Balancing Reactivity and Social Deliberation in Multi-Agent Systems together with additional papers from well-known researchers in the field. The 13 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the present book. Besides two introductory survey papers, the book offers topical sections on architectures and frameworks, enhanced reactivity, and controlled social deliberation.




Public Deliberation


Book Description

An understanding of the ways in which public deliberation can be extended to meet the needs of modern societies even in the face of increasing pluralism, inequality, an social complexity.




The Deliberative Practitioner


Book Description

Citizen participation in such complex issues as the quality of the environment, neighborhood housing, urban design, and economic development often brings with it suspicion of government, anger between stakeholders, and power plays by many--as well as appeals to rational argument. Deliberative planning practice in these contexts takes political vision and pragmatic skill. Working from the accounts of practitioners in urban and rural settings, North and South, John Forester shows how skillful deliberative practices can facilitate practical and timely participatory planning processes. In so doing, he provides a window onto the wider world of democratic governance, participation, and practical decision-making. Integrating interpretation and theoretical insight with diverse accounts of practice, Forester draws on political science, law, philosophy, literature, and planning to explore the challenges and possibilities of deliberative practice.




Public Deliberation on Climate Change


Book Description

There exists in both academic and political circles a growing interest in public deliberation as an alternative to the sometimes adversarial and polarizing public engagement activities that result in the pitting of experts against lay people. Proponents of public deliberation claim that a more deliberative process can engage a diversity of participants in a more guided process that better balances expert knowledge and citizen inclusion. Such an approach holds particular promise where citizens and governments engage in discussions of the most complex and intractable issues like climate change. Given the host of challenges climate governance presents and the global consequences of our response to them, the experience and knowledge shared by Hanson and the contributors to Public Deliberation on Climate Change provide an important framework for advancing public conversations and processes on this and other wicked problems. The lessons contained in the volume were gained as a result of a five year multidisciplinary, community-university research project called Alberta Climate Dialogue (ABCD), which drew together scholars, practitioners, citizens, civil society members, and government officials from across Alberta at four public deliberations. By highlighting the value tensions and trade-offs and examining the impact that the design of the deliberations has on policy and the creation of conditions that encourage exchange, the contributors aim to build capacity within our institutions and society to find new ways to discuss and solve complex problems.




Deliberation, Representation, Equity


Book Description

What can we learn about the development of public interaction in e-democracy from a drama delivered by mobile headphones to an audience standing around a shopping center in a Stockholm suburb? In democratic societies there is widespread acknowledgment of the need to incorporate citizens' input in decision-making processes in more or less structured ways. But participatory decision making is balancing on the borders of inclusion, structure, precision and accuracy. To simply enable more participation will not yield enhanced democracy, and there is a clear need for more elaborated elicitation and decision analytical tools. This rigorous and thought-provoking volume draws on a stimulating variety of international case studies, from flood risk management in the Red River Delta of Vietnam, to the consideration of alternatives to gold mining in Roșia Montană in Transylvania, to the application of multi-criteria decision analysis in evaluating the impact of e-learning opportunities at Uganda's Makerere University. Editors Love Ekenberg (senior research scholar, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [IIASA], Laxenburg, professor of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University), Karin Hansson (artist and research fellow, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University), Mats Danielson (vice president and professor of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, affiliate researcher, IIASA) and GOran Cars (professor of Societal Planning and Environment, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm) draw innovative collaborations between mathematics, social science, and the arts. They develop new problem formulations and solutions, with the aim of carrying decisions from agenda setting and problem awareness through to feasible courses of action by setting objectives, alternative generation, consequence assessments, and trade-off clarifications. As a result, this book is important new reading for decision makers in government, public administration and urban planning, as well as students and researchers in the fields of participatory democracy, urban planning, social policy, communication design, participatory art, decision theory, risk analysis and computer and systems sciences.