Catholics and Communists in Twentieth-Century Italy


Book Description

Catholics and Communists in Twentieth-Century Italy explores the critical moments in the relationship between the Catholic world and the Italian left, providing unmatched insight into one of the most significant dynamics in political and religious history in Italy in the last hundred years. The book covers the Catholic Communist movement in Rome (1937-45), the experience of the Resistenza, the governmental collaboration between the Catholic Party (DC) and the Italian Communist Party (PCI) until 1947, and the dialogue between some of the key figures in both spheres in the tensest years of the Cold War. Daniela Saresella even goes on to consider the legacy that these interactions have left in Italy in the 21st century. This pioneering study is the first on the subject in the English language and is of vital significance to historians of modern Italy and the Church alike.




Marxismo e cristianesimo


Book Description




Pasolini


Book Description

Poet, novelist, dramatist, polemicist, and filmmaker Pier Paolo Pasolini continues to be one of the most influential intellectuals of post-war Italy. In Pasolini: The Sacred Flesh, Stefania Benini examines his corporeal vision of the sacred, focusing on his immanent interpretation of the Christian doctrine of the Incarnation and the “sacred flesh” of Christ in both Passion and Death as the subproletarian flesh of the outcast at the margins of capitalism. By investigating the many crucifixions within Pasolini’s poems, novels, films, cinematic scripts and treatments, as well as his subversive hagiographies of criminal or crazed saints, Benini illuminates the radical politics embedded within Pasolini’s adoption of Christian themes. Drawing on the work of theorists such as Ernesto De Martino, Mircea Eliade, Jean-Luc Nancy, Alain Badiou, Giorgio Agamben, and Slavoj Žižek, she shows how Pasolini’s meditation on the disappearance of the sacred in our times and its return as a haunting revenant, a threatening disruption of capitalist society, foreshadows current debates on the status of the sacred in our postmodern world.




Saint Paul


Book Description

Presented here for the first time in English is a remarkable screenplay about the apostle Paul by Pier Paolo Pasolini, legendary filmmaker, novelist, poet, and radical intellectual activist. Written between the appearance of his renowned film Teorema and the shocking, controversial Salò, or the 120 Days of Sodom, St Paul was deemed too risky for investors. At once a political intervention and cinematic breakthrough, the script forces a revolutionary transformation on the contemporary legacy of Paul. In Pasolini’s kaleidoscope, we encounter fascistic movements, resistance fighters, and faltering revolutions, each of which reflects on aspects of the Pauline teachings. From Jerusalem to Wall Street and Greenwich Village, from the rise of SS troops to the death of Martin Luther King, Jr, here—as Alain Badiou writes in the foreword—‘Paul’s text crosses all these circumstances intact, as if it had foreseen them all’. This is a key addition to the growing debate around St Paul and to the proliferation of literature centred on the current turn to religion in philosophy and critical theory, which embraces contemporary figures such as Alain Badiou, Slavoj Žižek and Giorgio Agamben.




Papes et Papauté


Book Description

Si l'on se penche sur les phénomènes de contestation de l'autorité politique par la littérature ou les arts qui constitue un axe de recherche majeur du Laboratoire aux travaux duquel contribue ce volume, il appert que, dans bien des pays d'Europe, l'autorité politique s'est identifiée avec celle du Monarque, alors qu'en Italie, cas exceptionnel – et pour cause, puisque le siège de la papauté y est implanté depuis deux millénaires sans autre interruption que le demi-siècle avignonnais –, c'est la papauté qui s'est constituée en pouvoir politique, se revendiquant d'une double autorité, spirituelle et morale, et s'incarnant en un véritable organisme étatique. Le pape et la papauté représentent à leur tour deux "incarnations" de l'autorité : l'une institutionnelle (le gouvernement ecclésiastique), l'autre individuelle (le souverain pontife comme successeur de Pierre investi d'une mission de divine inspiration et exerçant à ce titre une autorité suprême). C'est en tout cas une spécificité italienne que d'être, par tant, un pays à la fois laïc et non-laïc, dans lequel la figure du Pape remplace celle du Roi, suscitant, depuis son affirmation comme telle, polémiques et défenses de l'Institution ecclésiale autant que de papes en particuliers. De fait, l'affirmation de la primauté spirituelle et temporelle du pape sur le monde médiéval chrétien présente, in nuce, les failles juridiques et morales qui légitiment l'expression immédiate d'opposants à cette hégémonie, aussi les vingt études regroupées dans ce volume illustrent-elles à la fois l'ancrage et la permanence d'une tradition historique, artistique, littéraire… la remise en cause en quelque sorte "chronique" du pouvoir du pape et de l'Église du XIe siècle à nos jours. Chacune d'elles montre par ailleurs, en creux ou explicitement, selon les cas, l'idéal d'une Église, d'une papauté et de papes, que leurs partisans comme leurs opposants eussent voulus au-dessus des intérêts matériels et des stratégies de pouvoir, tous se présentant en mal d'une autorité morale incontestable et littéralement incomparable (celle des "Princes" telle qu'elle ressort de ces travaux n'échappant pas non plus à une sévère critique). Dans le balayage temporel et thématique qu'elles effectuent, ces études, du même coup, rendent compte du paradoxe proprement italien d'une tension ancestrale et originale entre la religion de la politique et la politique de la religion.




The Scandal of Self-contradiction


Book Description

Pier Paolo Pasolini (1922-1975) was both a writer and filmmaker deeply rooted in European culture, as well as an intellectual who moved between different traditions, identities and positions. Early on he looked to Africa and Asia for possible alternatives to the hegemony of Western Neocapitalism and Consumerism, and in his hands the Greek and Judeo-Christian Classics morphed into unsettling multistable figures constantly shifting between West and East, North and South, the present and the past, rationality and myth, identity and otherness. The contributions in this volume, which belong to different intellectual and disciplinary fields, are bound together by a fascination for Pasolini's ability to recognize contradictions, to intensify and multiply them, as well as to make them aesthetically and politically productive. What emerges is a "euro-eccentric" and multifaceted Pasolini of great interest for the present.




A Certain Realism


Book Description

Pier Paolo Pasolini (1922-1975) was arguably the most complex director of postwar Italian cinema. His films—Accattone, The Canterbury Tales, Medea, Saló—continue to challenge and entertain new generations of moviegoers. A leftist, a homosexual, and a distinguished writer of fiction, poetry, and criticism, Pasolini once claimed that "a certain realism" informed his filmmaking. Masterfully combining analyses of Pasolini's literary and theoretical writings and of all his films, Maurizio Viano offers the first thorough study of Pasolini's cinematic realism, in theory and in practice. He finds that Pasolini's cinematic career exemplifies an "expressionistic realism" that acknowledges its subjective foundation instead of striving for an impossible objectivity. Focusing on the personal and expressionistic dimensions of Pasolini's cinema, Viano also argues that homosexuality is present in the films in ways that critics have thus far failed to acknowledge. Sure to generate controversy among film scholars, Italianists, and fans of the director's work, this accessible film-by-film treatment is an ideal companion for anyone watching Pasolini's films on video.




Marxism and Christianity


Book Description

Contending that Marxism achieved its unique position in part by adopting the content and functions of Christianity, MacIntyre details the religious attitudes and modes of belief that appear in Marxist doctrine as it developed historically from the philosophies of Hegel and Feuerbach, and as it has been carried on by latter-day interpreters from Rosa Luxemburg and Trotsky to Kautsky and Lukacs. The result is a lucid exposition of Marxism and an incisive account of its persistence and continuing importance.