Mass Transfer Processes


Book Description

The All-in-One Guide to Mass Transport Phenomena: From Theory to Examples and Computation Mass transfer processes exist in practically all engineering fields and many biological systems; understanding them is essential for all chemical engineering students, and for practitioners in a broad range of practices, such as biomedical engineering, environmental engineering, material engineering, and the like. Mass Transfer Processes combines a modern, accessible introduction to modeling and computing these processes with demonstrations of their application in designing reactors and separation systems. P. A. Ramachandran’s integrated approach balances all the knowledge readers need to be effective, rather than merely paying lip service to some crucial topics. He covers both analytical and numerical solutions to mass transfer problems, demonstrating numerical problem-solving with widely used software packages, including MATLAB and CHEBFUN. Throughout, he links theory to realistic examples, both traditional and contemporary. Theory, examples, and in-depth coverage of differential, macroscopic, and mesoscopic modeling Physical chemistry aspects of diffusion phenomena Film models for calculating local mass transfer rates and diffusional interaction in gas–solid and gas–liquid reaction systems Application of mass transfer models in rate-based separation processes, and systems with simultaneous heat and mass transfer Convective mass transfer: empirical correlation, internal and external laminar flows, and turbulent flows Heterogeneous systems, from laminar flow reactors, diffusion-reaction models, reactive membranes, and electrochemical reactors Computations of mass transfer effects in multicomponent systems Solid–gas noncatalytic reactions for chemical, metallurgical, environmental, and electronic processes Applications in electrochemical and biomedical systems Design calculations for humidification, drying, and condensation systems and membrane-based separations Analysis of adsorption, chromatography, electrodialysis, and electrophoresis




PRINCIPLES OF MASS TRANSFER AND SEPERATION PROCESSES


Book Description

This textbook is targetted to undergraduate students in chemical engineering, chemical technology, and biochemical engineering for courses in mass transfer, separation processes, transport processes, and unit operations. The principles of mass transfer, both diffusional and convective have been comprehensively discussed. The application of these principles to separation processes is explained. The more common separation processes used in the chemical industries are individually described in separate chapters. The book also provides a good understanding of the construction, the operating principles, and the selection criteria of separation equipment. Recent developments in equipment have been included as far as possible. The procedure of equipment design and sizing has been illustrated by simple examples. An overview of different applications and aspects of membrane separation has also been provided. ‘Humidification and water cooling’, necessary in every process indus-try, is also described. Finally, elementary principles of ‘unsteady state diffusion’ and mass transfer accompanied by a chemical reaction are covered. SALIENT FEATURES : • A balanced coverage of theoretical principles and applications. • Important recent developments in mass transfer equipment and practice are included. • A large number of solved problems of varying levels of complexities showing the applications of the theory are included. • Many end-chapter exercises. • Chapter-wise multiple choice questions. • An Instructors manual for the teachers.




Mass Transfer and Absorbers


Book Description

Mass Transfer and Absorbers deals with absorption and mass transfer processes and the factors to consider in designing absorbers. Calculations are supported by a uniform, generalized process driving force, complying with Maxwell's equation, and the coefficients are made as independent as possible in terms of the kind of diffusion and of the values of the concentrations. This volume is comprised of seven chapters and begins with an overview of the general principles of diffusional mass transfer, absorption and stripping, and equilibrium between gas and liquid phases. Steady-state mass transfer by diffusion is then discussed, along with mass transfer in a single phase (forced flow and unforced flow). Subsequent chapters explore design considerations for mass transfer equipment and related problems; adsorption accompanied by a chemical reaction; and problems relating to hydrodynamics. The final chapter is devoted to some practical issues, including economic flow velocity and mechanical features of packed, plate, and spray tower designs. This book is intended for practicing designers and engineers.




Nanofluids and Mass Transfer


Book Description

In the recent decades, efficiency enhancement of refineries and chemical plants has been become a focus of research and development groups. Use of nanofluids in absorption, regeneration, liquid-liquid extraction and membrane processes can lead to mass transfer and heat transfer enhancement in processes which results in an increased efficiency in all these processes. Nanofluids and Mass Transfer introduces the role of nanofluids in improving mass transfer phenomena and expressing their characteristics and properties. The book also covers the theory and modelling procedures in details and finally illustrates various applications of Nanofluids in mass transfer enhancement in various processes such as absorption, regeneration, liquid-liquid extraction and membrane processes and how can nanofluids increase mass transfer in processes. - Introduces specifications of nanofluids and mechanisms of mass transfer enhancement by nanofluids in various mass transfer processes - Discusses mass transfer enhancement in various mass transfer processes such as: absorption, regeneration, liquid-liquid extraction and membrane processes - Offers modelling mass transfer and flow in nanofluids - Challenges industrialization and scale up of nanofluids




Principles and Modern Applications of Mass Transfer Operations


Book Description

A staple in any chemical engineering curriculum New edition has a stronger emphasis on membrane separations, chromatography and other adsorptive processes, ion exchange Discusses many developing topics in more depth in mass transfer operations, especially in the biological engineering area Covers in more detail phase equilibrium since distillation calculations are completely dependent on this principle Integrates computational software and problems using Mathcad Features 25-30 problems per chapter




Mass Transfer


Book Description

This book introduces the fundamental principles of the mass transfer phenomenon and its diverse applications in process industry. It covers the full spectrum of techniques for chemical separations and extraction. Beginning with molecular diffusion in gases, liquids and solids within a single phase, the mechanism of inter-phase mass transfer is explained with the help of several theories. The separation operations are explained comprehensively in two distinct ways—stage-wise contact and continuous differential contact. The primary design requirements of gas–liquid equipment are discussed. The book provides a detailed discussion on all individual gas–liquid, liquid–liquid, solid–gas, and solid–liquid separation processes. The students are also exposed to the underlying principles of the membrane-based separation processes. The book is replete with real applications of separation processes and equipment. Problems are worked out in each chapter. Besides, problems with answers, short questions, multiple choice questions with answers are given at the end of each chapter. The text is intended for a course on mass transfer, transport and separation processes prescribed for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of chemical engineering.




Mass Transfer


Book Description

This didactic approach to the principles and modeling of mass transfer as it is needed in modern industrial processes is unique in combining a step-by-step introduction to all important fundamentals with the most recent applications. Based upon the renowned author's successful new modeling method as used for the O-18 process, the exemplary exercises included in the text are fact-proven, taken directly from existing chemical plants. Fascinating reading for chemists, graduate students, chemical and process engineers, as well as thermodynamics physicists.




Mass Transfer in Chemical Engineering Processes


Book Description

This book offers several solutions or approaches in solving mass transfer problems for different practical chemical engineering applications: measurements of the diffusion coefficients, estimation of the mass transfer coefficients, mass transfer limitation in separation processes like drying, extractions, absorption, membrane processes, mass transfer in the microbial fuel cell design, and problems of the mass transfer coupled with the heterogeneous combustion. I believe this book can provide its readers with interesting ideas and inspirations or direct solutions of their particular problems.




Heat and Mass Transfer in Capillary-Porous Bodies


Book Description

Heat and Mass Transfer in Capillary-Porous Bodies describes the modern theory of heat and mass transfer on the basis of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. This book provides a systematic account of the phenomena of heat and mass transfer in capillary-porous bodies. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the processes of the transfer of heat and mass of a substance. This text then examines the application of the theory to the investigation of heat and mass exchange in walls and in technological processes for the manufacture of building materials. Other chapters consider the thermal properties of building materials by using the methods of the thermodynamics of mass transfer. The final chapter deals with the method of finite differences, which is applicable to the solution of problems of non-steady heat conduction. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, post-graduate students, engineers, and students in higher educational establishments for architectural engineering.




Fluid Mechanics and Transfer Processes


Book Description

This textbook deals with the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer. The basic equations governing the convective transfer by fluid motion of matter, energy and momentum, and the transfer of the same properties by diffusion of molecular motion, are presented at the outset. These concepts are then applied systematically to the study of fluid dynamics in an engineering context and to the parallel investigation of heat and mass transfer processes. The influence of viscosity and the dominant role of turbulence in fluid motion are emphasised. Individual chapters are concerned with the important subjects of boundary layers, flow in pipes and ducts, gas dynamics, and flow in turbo-machinery and of a liquid with a free surface. Later chapters cover some of the special types of flow and transfer process encountered in chemical engineering applications, including two-phase flow, condensation, evaporation, flow in packed beds and fluidized solids.