Mathematical Modelling of Sediment Transport and Deposition in Reservoirs - Guidelines and Case Studies / Modélisation Mathématique du Transport et des Dépôts de Sédiments dans les Réservoirs - Lignes Directrices et Études de Cas


Book Description

As reservoir sedimentation has proven to be a serious problem in South Africa, research in this field has been ongoing for more than 70 years. This publication emanates from extensive research which has been undertaken over the past 30 years with the support of the South African Department of Water and Sanitation as well as the South African Water Research Commission. A great deal of information has fortunately also been obtained from China. Given the universal nature of hydraulic formulae it is not surprising, yet gratifying, that Chinese and South African data generally conform to the same mathematical relationships. This indicates that these relationships should be applicable in other countries as well. Much of the information contained here has been condensed from a more comprehensive publication. This ICOLD Bulletin follows on Bulletin 115 “Dealing with reservoir sedimentation”, which gave guidelines for management of reservoirs to limit sedimentation. The guidelines on mathematical modelling of sediment transport dynamics in reservoirs in this document can be used during the planning and design of new dams, as well as for the management of existing dams. Comme la sédimentation dans les réservoirs s'est avérée être un problème sérieux en Afrique du Sud, la recherche dans ce domaine est en cours depuis plus de 70 ans. Cette publication émane de la recherche étendue qui a été menée au cours des 30 dernières années avec l'appui du ministère sud-africain de l’eau et de l’assainissement, ainsi que de la commission sud-africaine de recherche sur l'eau. Un grand nombre d'informations ont également été obtenues de la part de la Chine. Étant donné le caractère universel de formules hydrauliques, il n'est pas surprenant, mais très gratifiant, que les données chinoises et sud-africaines se conforment généralement aux mêmes relations mathématiques. Ceci indique que ces relations devraient être applicables dans d'autres pays également. Une grande partie de l'information contenue ici a été condensée à partir d'une publication plus complète. Ce bulletin CIGB fait suite au bulletin 115 "Traité sur la sédimentation dans les réservoirs", qui a donné des directives pour la gestion des réservoirs en vue de limiter la sédimentation. Les directives sur la modélisation mathématique de la dynamique de transport des sédiments dans les réservoirs de ce présent document peuvent être utilisées lors de la planification et la conception de nouveaux barrages et pour la gestion des barrages existants.







Reservoir Sedimentation


Book Description

Research on reservoir sedimentation in recent years has been aimed mainly at water resources projects in developing countries. These countries, especially in Africa, often have to cope with long droughts, flash floods and severe erosion problems. Large reservoir capacities are required to capture water provided by flash floods so as to ensure the supply of water in periods of drought. The problem arising however is that these floods, due to their tremendous stream power, carry enormous volumes of sediment which, due to the size of reservoirs, are virtually deposited in toto in the reservoir basin, leading to fast deterioration of a costly investment. Accurate forecasting of reservoir behaviour is therefore of the utmost importance.This book fills a gap in current literature by providing in one volume comprehensive coverage of techniques required to practically investigate the effects sediment deposition in reservoirs has on the viability of water resources projects. Current techniques for practically estimating sediment yield from catchments, estimating the volume of sediment expected to deposit in reservoirs, predicting sediment distribution and calculating scour downstream of reservoirs are evaluated and presented. The liberal use of diagrams and graphs to explain the various techniques enhances understanding and makes practical application simple. A major feature of the book is the application of stream power theory to explain the process of reservoir sedimentation and to develop four new methods for predicting sediment distribution in reservoirs.The book is primarily directed at practising engineers involved in the planning and design of water resources projects and at post-graduate students interested in this field of study.




Abnormal Pressures While Drilling


Book Description

This book studies the mechanisms and causes of abnormal pressure distribution while drilling.




GIS Modules and Distributed Models of the Watershed


Book Description

Prepared by the Task Committee on GIS Modules and Distributed Models of the Watershed of ASCE. This report guides professionals in selecting the most advantageous applications of geographic information system (GIS) modules and distributed models for watershed runoff. Recent advances in technology offer hydrologic engineers, watershed managers, and data collection agencies unprecedented capabilities for storing and manipulating data. With the advent of Digital Elevation Models (DEM), Triangulated Irregular Networks (TIN), Digital Line Graphs (DLG), and GIS software, the use of watershed modeling among industry professionals has increased at an incredible rate. With this growth, it is increasingly difficult for practitioners to choose the most effective use of the technology. This report identifies state-of-the-art GIS hydrology analysis software and techniques, as well as GIS types and map projections. It covers data commonly required for hydrologic analysis, limitations of available data, and the integration of watershed hydrological analysis software and GIS techniques. The appendix highlights nine examples of watershed modeling systems, including the Watershed Modeling System (WMS), the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), and the Hydrologic Model CASC2D.




Reservoir Sedimentation


Book Description

Despite the mechanisms of reservoir sedimentation being well known for a long time, sustainable and preventive measures are rarely taken into consideration in the design of new reservoirs. To avoid operational problems of powerhouses, sedimentation is often treated for existing reservoirs with measures which are efficient only for a limited time.Th




Reservoir Sediment Management


Book Description

Siltation in reservoirs has become an important problem when dams are getting older and stop functioning when the sediment has accumulated to a certain extent. With proper sediment management techniques, negative effects of sediment can be avoided and reservoir life and performance can be improved. This volume deals with reservoir sedimentation, deposition and removal. It provides the principles of sediment transport and gives guidelines to predict reservoir life. It presents several removal techniques, accompanied with detailed operation descriptions. With the help of the RESCON open source software, cost analysis tools to determine the optimum method for maintenance and operation of a reservoir can be applied. To illustrate practice and to assist the reader in setting up a sediment management operation, a number of case studies of existing large dams are included. Written by two experts on reservoir operation, this volume is intended for professionals and advanced students working on dam and reservoir design, construction, operation, maintenance and rehabilitation.




America's Master Dam Builder


Book Description

America's Master Dam Builder is a sweeping biographical epic of Frank T. Crowe. Author Al M. Rocca presents a fascinating story that covers the engineering challenges and triumphs Crowe encountered, from his earliest days with the United States Reclamation Service to his phenomenal conquests of Hoover, Parker and Shasta Dams. Rocca shows how one man rose to the top of the engineering world and supplied the drive and innovation that permitted the construction of large concrete dams, dams of unprecedented size, dams that would transform the American West.




HEC-6


Book Description




Manual on Sediment Management and Measurement


Book Description

This report covers a wide range of issues related to sedimentation. Its objectives are to present to readers a basic understanding of operational methods of sediment transport measurement, and serve as a practical reference in dealing with sedimentation engineering.--Publisher's description.